以长白山主要森林类型红松、蒙古栎、针阔混交和阔叶混交林地表凋落物为实验材料,通过构建不同含水率、风速、载量及高度的可燃物床层模拟野外情况,使用烟头平置、烟头插入和秸秆明火的引燃方式,对每种情况进行9次重复实验,记录出现明火的概率.结果表明,4种森林类型地表凋落物引燃从易到难为红松林、蒙古栎林、针阔混交林和阔叶混交林,3种引燃方式引燃地表凋落物概率从高到低为秸秆明火、烟头插入和烟头平置.Logistic回归模型表明,引燃预测效果为针阔混交林最佳、阔叶混交林次之、红松林最差,引燃方式中烟头平置最佳、烟头插入次之、秸秆明火较差.通过科学手段营林和确保农事活动中秸秆远离林缘边界的方法可以有效控制烟头、秸秆火源对附近森林的危害.

A study was conducted to detect and analyze the chemical compositions of seeds and pulp of Schizandra chinensis.and a new variety that are from the same plot.Results show that there was a significant difference in chemical component content of seeds and pulp between Schinensis(protospecies) and the new variety.Ethyl acetate content in the variety seed(49.60%) was 9.42% higher than that in the protospecies seeds(40.18%),Schizandrin B content of variety(23.48%) was 9.44% lower than that of the protospecies(32.90%),and schisandrin C of variety(22.28%.) was little lower than that of protospecies(23.45%).This new variety is a good breeding source material as it has bigger cluster,more fruity bits,and high yield.

[Objective] The aim was to compare and study the karyotype between wild R.rugosa Thunb.and cultivars R.rugosa cv.′Plena′.[Method] The morphological characteristics,distribution,phenology of R.rugosa Thunb.in Hunchun of Jilin Province,and its fruits nutritional compositions and variation types were described.In addition,the karyotype between wild R.rugosa Thunb.and cultivars R.rugosa cv.′Plena′ was compared.[Result] The results showed that the wild R.rugosa Thunb.was 2n = 14 and the cultivars R.rugosa cv.′Plena′ was hybrid body formed by the diploid and polyploid.[Conclusion] The study provides a reference for plant breeder doing the relative study.

This paper detailed the morphological characteristics,life habit and controlling methods of Tomicus(piniperda),it would give certain guidance on controlling this pest.