[Objective]In the context of the"dual carbon"goals,energy conservation and carbon reduction are essential for national energy security and green transformation.As major energy consumers in oil and gas gathering,transportation,and processing,oilfield joint stations using the traditional"power grid+gas-fired boiler"supply model face significant challenges,including high costs,large emissions,and limited resilience.Therefore,it is urgent to develop a multi-energy complementary system capable of integrating a high share of renewables and providing robust seasonal regulation.[Methods]To address the issues of high energy consumption,emission,and resilience risks in oilfield joint stations,a collaborative"wind-solar-hydrogen-storage-load"multi-energy system architecture was proposed.Wind and solar generation replaced purchased electricity,while an"electricity-hydrogen-electricity"closed loop was established through electrolytic hydrogen production,hydrogen storage,and fuel cells.Multi-source heat supply was achieved via combined heat and power units,heat pumps,and heat storage.The system innovatively incorporated stepped carbon trading and dual demand response(price/incentive)into a unified optimization model,which was evaluated across economic,low-carbon,and resilience objectives.[Results]Based on mixed-integer linear programming(MILP),four scenarios were analyzed using a joint station in Daqing Oilfield as a case study.The findings were as follows:(1)Compared to the traditional supply mode,the multi-energy complementary system with hydrogen cycling increased energy utilization efficiency by over 30％,reduced annual operating costs by 41.20％,lowered carbon emission intensity by 2.10％,and renewable energy consumption exceeded 90％.(2)Leveraging stepped carbon trading,the system's carbon trading costs increased by 24.98％,carbon emissions dropped by 6.74％.(3)With superimposed demand response,carbon emissions decreased by an additional 1.30％,and carbon trading costs fell by 1.51％,achieving both emission and cost reductions.(4)The hydrogen subsystem acted as a spatio-temporal regulator,storing surplus green electricity during wind and solar generation and supplying power and heat during peak loads or extreme weather.The annual wind and solar curtailment rate was kept below 1％,significantly improving energy supply resilience.Economic analysis indicated that,at current carbon prices and electrolyzer investment levels,the payback period for incremental investment was 5-8 years;if the carbon price dropped below RMB 80/t and electrolyzer costs fell below RMB 2,500/kW,the payback period could be shortened to 4 years.[Conclusion]The research establishes a replicable low-carbon transformation pathway for energy supply in oilfield joint stations,supporting quality and efficiency improvements in existing stations with abundant associated gas and stable electric and thermal loads.It also provides an"electricity-heat-hydrogen"collaborative model for microgrid planning in new blocks with high renewable energy penetration.(6 Figures,3 Tables,32 References)

Under high-rate charge/discharge operation, thermal management of lithium-ion batteries is critical for safety, performance, and lifespan. This paper proposes a layered PCM structure with trapezoidal interfaces to improve temperature uniformity under non-uniform heat generation. A three-dimensional numerical model is built to analyze how structural parameters affect battery thermal behavior, and a dual-standardization linear regression model quantifies each parameter's contribution to temperature uniformity. Under 5C discharge, the optimized layered design reduces the maximum battery temperature from 326.5 K to 304 K and lowers the surface temperature coefficient of variation to 0.01%. The number of teeth and the upper base width are the dominant parameters, with contribution degrees of 27.8% and 27.7%, respectively. Full PCM coverage including the tabs eliminates the tab hotspot at a cost of only 11.27% additional PCM mass. However, complete re-solidification requires 3 to 6 h under natural convection, and the latent heat is progressively consumed over consecutive cycles, indicating that sustained operation requires auxiliary cooling. These findings provide guidance for the design of PCM-based battery thermal management systems, while the added manufacturing complexity and cost of trapezoidal structures should be weighed against the thermal gains in engineering applications.

Liquid cooling technology is an effective means to control the operating temperature of lithium-ion batteries and improve their safety. Based on in-depth research into existing liquid cooling system structures and aiming to solve the problem of temperature distribution inconsistency in lithium-ion batteries, this paper proposes a novel water-wheel-shaped baffle turbulator cold plate. And the cooling performance was analyzed. The results show that, in terms of size, the thermal efficiency coefficient jw of the small-size water wheel is increased by 7.6 % compared with that of the large-size water wheel, and the maximum temperature is slightly increased to 35.05 degrees C. In the direction, when both the outer and inner layers are counterclockwise, the maximum temperature drops to 34.96 degrees C and the cooling effect is the best. When both the outer and inner layers are clockwise, the jw is the highest, which is suitable for low-power scenarios. In terms of quantity, when the outer blade is 8, the cooling effect is the best. The jw is the highest when the inner blade is 6. The cold plate achieves a dynamic balance between thermal efficiency coefficient and cooling performance, providing an efficient and low-consumption solution for battery thermal management.

Graphene, as a high thermal conductivity enhancing filler, can significantly improve the thermal conductivity of phase change materials. The microscopic nature of its enhancement mechanism and cross scale prediction models can reveal the heat transfer laws of phase change. This article uses molecular dynamics simulation to regulate the doping content of graphene in alkane based composite phase change materials, and proposes and constructs a cross scale thermal conductivity prediction model with box constraint factor. The experiment shows that the prediction error of the model is within 5%. The simulation results show that there is a strong C-H···π specific interaction between the graphene interface and alkane molecules. The characteristic peak of the radial distribution function at 1.77 Å and the nonlinear change in mean square displacement indicate that the interface structure not only does not suppress the diffusion of liquid-phase molecules, but also fundamentally reduces the interface thermal resistance by constructing efficient phonon transmission channels. Based on the above simulation results, an innovative SCA-TCN deep learning prediction model was developed, with a determination coefficient R 2 of 0.99762, and the main error indicators were reduced by about 76% to 97% compared to the benchmark model.

ABSTRACT To mitigate the greenhouse effect, promoting the clean utilization of fossil fuels and advancing carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies have become critical pathways. Among these approaches, CO 2 and CH 4 flooding, as key enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques, exhibit dual benefits in both emission reduction and production enhancement. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations are employed to systematically investigate the oil displacement behaviors of CO 2 and CH 4 in porous media reservoirs. Simulations are conducted under two temperature conditions: 300 K (ambient temperature) and 383 K (elevated temperature). The heat and mass transfer characteristics, as well as multiphase interaction mechanisms, are comparatively analyzed under three injection scenarios: CO 2 single flooding, CH 4 single flooding, and alternating CO 2 ‐CH 4 injection. The results indicate that CO 2 single flooding at 383 K achieves the highest molecular displacement fraction; however, it is accompanied by pronounced gas channeling. In contrast, under ambient temperature conditions (300 K), alternating injection exhibits significant synergistic effects. In particular, the alternating flooding strategy initiated with CO 2 injection enhances molecular displacement fractions while effectively suppressing gas channeling compared with single‐gas flooding. At elevated temperature, although alternating injection mitigates the risk of gas channeling, the increased gas diffusion coefficient weakens intermolecular interactions, leading to a reduced displacement efficiency relative to single‐phase flooding. By establishing a multidimensional analytical framework that integrates temperature distribution, molecular interactions, and reservoir adsorption characteristics, this study elucidates the intrinsic mechanisms governing gas migration under multi‐physical field coupling. The findings provide molecular‐scale theoretical insights for optimizing gas injection strategies in unconventional oil reservoirs.

Microchannel heat sinks represent an efficient thermal management technology designed to address the cooling challenges of high-power-density devices. To overcome the limitation of conventional designs, which predominantly feature straight or wavy channel structures with restricted heat dissipation capacity, this study draws inspiration from the exceptional thermal energy storage performance of helical structures in regenerators and, for the first time, introduces a helical configuration into microchannel heat sinks for enhanced chip cooling. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), numerical simulations were conducted to analyze the velocity, pressure loss, and temperature characteristics of helical microchannel heat sinks with different cross-sectional shapes under laminar flow conditions, while maintaining identical hydraulic diameters. The chip temperatures under various conditions were compared to identify the optimal design. Simulation results demonstrate that under equivalent conditions, helical microchannel heat sinks of all cross-sectional shapes outperform straight-channel heat sinks with the same hydraulic diameter and coil outer diameter. The optimized helical design reduces the peak chip temperature by 18.8%. As the Reynolds number increases, the thermal performance of all configurations improves, with the optimal performance observed at a Reynolds number of 900. Among the helical microchannels, the pressure loss and chip temperature increase in the following order, while the outlet velocity decreases accordinglyequilateral triangle, square, regular pentagon, regular hexagon, and circular cross-sections. The equilateral triangular cross-section microchannel heat sink, owing to its minimal internal angle and more intense secondary flow induced by stronger flow disturbance, exhibits increased fully-developed flow velocity and higher pressure loss as the Reynolds number rises from 300 to 900. Comparative evaluation of flow and heat transfer characteristics confirms that this design offers the best overall performance, providing a novel approach for advanced chip cooling technologies.

To address the inherent instability of solar energy and enhance its utilization efficiency in building energy supply systems, this study investigates the actual operational performance of a high-temperature phase change accretion bed thermal energy storage system under unstable state operating conditions with non-periodic fluctuations. By employing a transient validated two-dimensional model based on a local non-thermal equilibrium, this study investigates the thermal storage performance under different phase change material diameters, material types and seven selected representative days. The results show that for the conditions of the spring equinox, summer solstice, autumn equinox and winter solstice, the thermal storage performance of the system under unstable conditions is generally better than that under steady conditions, with exergy efficiency increases of 2.46%, 2.02%, 4.48% and 7.26%, respectively. Among them, the summer solstice and autumn equinox show excellent thermal storage capacity and heat transfer characteristics. However, for the three transitional seasons of grain rain, major heat and cold dew, the exergy efficiency increased by only 1.64%, 0.63% and 1.67%, respectively. Other factors that determine thermal storage performance showed significant differences: under steady state conditions, the system has higher total thermal storage and density during grain rain. However, under unstable conditions, the total thermal storage and density are higher during major heat. System under both conditions exhibit high average thermal storage rates during cold dew and demonstrate excellent heat transfer performance. The research findings are expected to further enhance the efficiency of concentrated solar power systems and make contributions to improving building energy efficiency.

Geological CO2 sequestration can help reduce large-scale GHG emissions. Adding nanoparticles to supercritical CO2 (scCO2) injected into a wellbore alters its physical properties, such as density and viscosity. This study employs CFD methods to establish a numerical model simulating the flow and heat transfer behavior of nanofluids (composed of scCO2 and nanoparticles) during injection into well-bores. The reliability of the developed model is validated through comparison with existing literature data. The study focuses on analyzing the effects of injection rate and injection temperature on fluid pressure and temperature distribution from the wellhead to 100 m downhole. It further investigates the influence patterns of different types and concentrations of nanoparticles on fluid temperature and pressure within the wellbore. The results revealed that throughout the wellbore, the temperature and pressure distribution trends of the nanofluid were similar to those of pure scCO2. However, the addition ofnanoparticles significantly altered local temperature values, particularly in the downstream region, where the temperature decrease was more pronounced. The effect of nanoparticles on pressure was relatively minor. Higher injection rates enhance convective heat transfer, facilitating fluid cooling. Increasing the volume fraction of nanoparticles enhances the fluid's heat transfer capability, speeding up cooling. Among the nanoparticles, Al2O3 provides the best cooling effect due to its high thermal conductivity, while SiO2 has the weakest, with TiO2 intermediate. This study provides a theoretical basis for selecting optimal types and concentrations of nano-additives tailored to specific reservoir temperature conditions in geological sequestration, offering guidance for optimizing injection process design to mitigate thermal stress risks in wellbores.

Waxy crude oil at the wellhead typically has a temperature below its pour point, leading to the accumulation of gelled crude oil on pipeline walls, causing blockages. The melting behavior of gelled crude oil in hot water is critical for pipeline safety and efficiency. This paper presents a numerical simulation of the phase-change heat transfer process of bow-shaped gelled crude oil blocks with hot water injection along the inner pipe wall. The melting and flow characteristics of the gelled crude oil are analyzed, and the effects of water temperature, initial oil temperature and oil thickness on the melting process are discussed. The results indicate that the melting rate ofgelled crude oil is relatively fast before the liquid phase fraction reaches 55%, while the melting rate slows down for the remaining 45%. Increasing the water temperature, the initial oil temperature, and reducing the oil thickness can accelerate the melting process of the oil block. However, their effects on shortening the melting time of the oil block exhibit a non-linear relationship. During the flow process, the melted crude oil undergoes deformation, becoming "flattened and elongated" and exiting the pipeline with water in a thin, strip-like form. The lower boundary of the crude oil develops an irregular, corrugated shape. Additionally, an increase in crude oil thickness leads to the formation of small droplets. These findings provide valuable insights for improving the safety and efficiency of crude oil gathering and transportation, as well as enhancing energy savings in practical engineering applications.

With the widespread application of high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries, the issue of thermal management has gradually become a key technical challenge for industrial development. Traditional battery thermal management research usually simplifies the battery as a centralized and uniform heat source, while the battery thermal management system based on single-stage phase change materials has limitations such as a narrow effective temperature range and early saturation of the internal layers. Therefore, this study proposes a new hierarchical cascaded phase change material thermal management scheme, successfully combining the ECM model suitable for dynamic loads and the NTGK model suitable for static loads with the melting-solidification model, and establishing a new mathematical heat transfer framework. Considering the cases of pulse discharge (dynamic load) and charge-discharge cycles (static load), the thermal behavior of the bare battery pack under pulse discharge cycles was studied, and the temperature control performance of single-stage and cascaded systems was compared and analyzed. Findings reveal that during pulse discharge cycles at 300 K ambient temperature, the maximum temperature of the cascaded system battery is 8.35 K lower than that of the singlestage system. Moreover, the temperature uniformity of the cascaded system battery remains at approximately 0.5 K (with a maximum temperature uniformity difference of about 8.4 K between the two systems). Under cyclic charge-discharge conditions, the maximum temperature of the cascaded system battery is 6.92 K lower than that of the single-stage system.

PurposeThis paper aims to design a novel truncated branching microchannel heat sink structure to improve thermal performance.Design/methodology/approachNumerical simulations were used to systematically investigate the effects of two- to five-stage (Cases 2-5) truncated branching configurations on flow and heat transfer characteristics. A comprehensive performance evaluation criterion (PEC) was applied to assess the different structures.FindingsThe results indicate that the truncated structure significantly alters hydrodynamic characteristics by inducing vortex concentration and periodically disrupting the thermal boundary layer, keeping it in a thin redeveloping state. This significantly improves heat transfer efficiency and temperature uniformity. Case 5 exhibits optimal performance. Within the Re range of 200-1200, temperature decreases as Re increases. The Nu reaches a maximum of 86.9 at Re = 1200, which is 2.89 times that of Case 1. The PEC values for Case 3, Case 4 and Case 5 increase with Re. At Re = 1200, the Case 5 structure demonstrates the optimal comprehensive performance with a PEC value of 1.39, which is significantly superior to those of the other structures.Originality/valueThis paper introduces a novel truncated branching microchannel heat sink design, which uses the expansion-contraction effect in the truncated regions to induce strong transverse flow and vorticity distribution, thereby disrupting boundary layers and enhancing fluid mixing. This provides an effective solution for high heat flux thermal management by significantly improving heat transfer efficiency and temperature uniformity.

To mitigate the greenhouse effect, promoting the clean utilization of fossil fuels and advancing carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies have become critical pathways. Among these approaches, CO2 and CH4 flooding, as key enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques, exhibit dual benefits in both emission reduction and production enhancement. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations are employed to systematically investigate the oil displacement behaviors of CO2 and CH4 in porous media reservoirs. Simulations are conducted under two temperature conditions: 300 K (ambient temperature) and 383 K (elevated temperature). The heat and mass transfer characteristics, as well as multiphase interaction mechanisms, are comparatively analyzed under three injection scenarios: CO2 single flooding, CH4 single flooding, and alternating CO2-CH4 injection. The results indicate that CO2 single flooding at 383 K achieves the highest molecular displacement fraction; however, it is accompanied by pronounced gas channeling. In contrast, under ambient temperature conditions (300 K), alternating injection exhibits significant synergistic effects. In particular, the alternating flooding strategy initiated with CO2 injection enhances molecular displacement fractions while effectively suppressing gas channeling compared with single-gas flooding. At elevated temperature, although alternating injection mitigates the risk of gas channeling, the increased gas diffusion coefficient weakens intermolecular interactions, leading to a reduced displacement efficiency relative to single-phase flooding. By establishing a multidimensional analytical framework that integrates temperature distribution, molecular interactions, and reservoir adsorption characteristics, this study elucidates the intrinsic mechanisms governing gas migration under multi-physical field coupling. The findings provide molecular-scale theoretical insights for optimizing gas injection strategies in unconventional oil reservoirs.

Liquid cooling is an effective means to enhance the controllability and safety of lithium-ion battery operating temperature. To address the limitations of existing cold plates in simultaneously improving local heat transfer, system efficiency, and temperature uniformity, this study proposes a racetrack-shaped rib graded-array cold plate and conducts a comparative analysis under 1C–3C conditions. To comprehensively evaluate the proposed design, Pw and jw are first used as the basic performance metrics; System Performance Index (SPI) then couples h/h0 with jw/jw0, with α setting their relative weight (default α=1/3). The results show that the maximum battery temperature decreases by 7.65%, 11.14%, and 11.73% at 1C, 2C, and 3C, respectively; at 3C, the maximum temperature is reduced by 4.63°C, and the temperature field becomes smoother. Compared with tube-type and serpentine-channel plates at 3C, the proposed cold plate achieves a 57.8% and 97.6% reduction in Pw, a 158.7% and 3716% increase in jw, and an SPI enhancement of about 67% and 3.1%, respectively, while maintaining a gentler temperature gradient.

Pipeline gelling presents a prevalent challenge in crude oil transportation. While hot water injection is widely employed to facilitate oil melting and transport, the intense shear stress from high-velocity flows frequently induces solid-liquid interfacial instability, yielding an irregular wavy interface. Currently, the complex effects of this morphology on heat transfer and flow dynamics remain poorly understood. To address this gap, this study establishes a three-dimensional numerical model coupling the Volume of Fluid (VOF) interface tracking method with the SST k-ω turbulence model to investigate the melting heat transfer and flow behaviors of gelled crude oil with a wavy interface. The results indicate that wave-induced near-wall disturbances effectively improve convective heat transfer compared to a flat interface, reducing the melting time by 20.7

Microchannel heat sinks are crucial for addressing chip thermal management. Building upon prior research, this study analyzes the effects of hydraulic diameter, apex angle, pitch, mass flow rate, and coil turns on the flow field and heat transfer characteristics of an isosceles triangular spiral microchannel heat sink. Optimal parameters and cooling limits were ultimately determined. Employing an L25(56) orthogonal experimental design, numerical simulations, range analysis, local sensitivity analysis, and multi-objective optimization were conducted on the aforementioned parameters to ultimately obtain the optimal design scheme and thermal dissipation limit values. Results show that hydraulic diameter exerts the greatest influence on thermal resistance range (0.5279 K/W), while inlet velocity most significantly impacts pressure drop range (6727.5 Pa). Sensitivity analysis reveals a pronounced negative effect of hydraulic diameter, with inlet velocity acting as a key conflicting factor affecting both objectives, whereas coil turns exhibit statistically negligible influence. The optimal design parameters are: hydraulic diameter 0.7 mm, top angle 60 degrees, hydraulic diameter 0.4 mm, inlet velocity 0.8 m/s, and 5 turns. This configuration maintains a safe hotspot temperature of 393 K while achieving a thermal dissipation limit of 247 W/cm2, providing a reliable and efficient design framework for optimizing high-performance microchannel heat sinks.

In order to solve the problems of low hydrogen absorption rate and poor hydrogen storage efficiency caused by the thermal-mass coupling effect in the process of metal hydride hydrogen storage, this paper takes LaNi5 metal hydride hydrogen storage tank as the research object, establishes its heat-mass-flow multi-physics field coupling model, and compares the hydrogen storage performance of finless, built-in finned heat exchange tubes and inner wall rectangular finned hydrogen storage tanks. The results show that inserting fins on the inner wall can significantly improve the heat transfer efficiency, reduce the temperature gradient and shorten the hydrogen absorption time. Comparing the hydrogen absorption performance of different fin structures, it was found that the wavy fin design exhibits the best absorption performance among the configurations studied under identical boundary conditions. On this basis, the structural parameters of the wavy fins are optimized and designed, and the optimal fin peak spacing and amplitude ratio is determined to be 1.5:1. This study can provide a theoretical basis and engineering reference for the design of solid-state hydrogen storage systems.

To mitigate severe heat accumulation in high-rate lithium-ion batteries operating over a wide temperature range and overcome the low thermal conductivity of phase change materials (PCMs), this study proposes a passive battery thermal management system (BTMS) coupling dual-layer gradient PCMs with topology-optimized fins. Using the Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization (SIMP) method, an aluminum topological fin network is constructed within the inner PCM. A coupled heat transfer-phase change model is established to investigate the effects of melting point arrangement, layer thickness ratio, fin configuration, and cyclic conditions on an 18650 battery's thermal response. Results indicate an "inner-high/outer-low" melting point arrangement (inner PCMB/outer PCMA) demonstrates superior adaptability between 298.15 K and 308.15 K. For an 8 mm total PCM thickness, a 6 mm PCMB / 2 mm PCMA ratio achieves balanced thermal control, restricting maximum end-of-discharge temperatures to 312.37 K, 313.51 K, and 313.86 K under three ambient conditions. At equivalent metal volume fractions, topology-optimized fins form continuous, bifurcated low-thermal-resistance channels, reducing peak temperatures by 8.54 K compared to finless designs and outperforming straight, H-shaped, and annular fins. This structure enhances outer PCMA latent heat utilization while preserving inner PCMB buffering capacity. Under five 3 C/2 C dynamic cycles, topology-optimized fins effectively suppress heat accumulation, maintaining a 311.48 K global peak and a maximum temperature difference of just 0.97 K. This synergistic enhancement between gradient PCMs and topology-optimized fins provides a reliable reference for passive wide-temperature BTMS design.

Maintaining battery performance, extending its service life, and guaranteeing its safety all depend on effective battery thermal management. The liquid phase fraction of the inner side is excessively high and the liquid phase fraction distribution of the phase change material (PCM) layer is uneven in the conventional single-stage PCM battery thermal management system, which reduces the system's overall capacity to control temperature. In order to improve temperature control performance, a cascaded PCM battery thermal management system is proposed in this paper. The cooling effects of single-stage and cascaded systems are compared and analyzed using the coupled NTGK battery model and the melting and solidification model. Additionally, the impact of the phase change temperature difference between the two materials in the cascaded system on the system's performance is investigated. The thermal behavior of the bare battery during the cyclic charge/discharge process is further examined, taking into account the cyclic charge/discharge condition. The thermal properties of the single-stage and the cascaded system during the process are compared and analyzed. The findings demonstrate that the cascaded system's temperature control performance is superior at high phase rates and that there is a negative correlation between the system's cooling effect and the PCM's temperature differential. Under cyclic charge/ discharge conditions, the cascaded system's maximum cell temperature is lower than the single-stage system's starting in the second cycle, with a maximum temperature differential of up to 3.15 K. In addition, the heat flux per unit area of the cascaded system is better than that of the single-stage system, up to 32.1 W/m2, this demonstrates that the cascaded system provides improved temperature control during cyclic operation. Furthermore, it was discovered that an appropriate increase in PCM thickness is beneficial to enhance the thermal management system's performance as the number of charge/discharge cycles increases. After four charging and discharging cycles, the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the cell of the cascaded system with a PCM thickness of 6 mm were 312.86 K and 4.35 K, respectively, which were 11.41 K and 1.93 K lower than that of the cascaded system with a PCM thickness of 3.5 mm each.

In order to clarify the action mechanism of surfactants on the waxing layer of crude oil pipeline under the action of asphaltene, this article explores the effects of five surfactants, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, Tween-80, and Span-80, on wax removal rate under the combined action of asphaltene using a newly constructed dynamic experimental apparatus. It is found that Tween-80 and Span-80 surfactants had a better wax removal effect. Therefore, the two surfactants, Tween-80 and Span-80, are selected for 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1 compounding experiments. When the compounding ratio of the two surfactants is 1:1, the wax removal rate is higher; Span-80, the surfactant with the highest wax removal rate, is chosen to investigate the wax removal law when the cold finger wall temperature is changing in the range of 0–25°C. It is found that the rate of wax removal increased with the increase of cold finger wall temperature and wax removal medium temperature. When the number of revolutions increases, the flow rate of hot water in the rotating cylinder also increases, the shear force on the wax layer also increases, and the wax removal rate increases under the joint action of asphaltene and Span-80. This study is of guiding significance for engineering practice.