针对扁平茄果类种子在供种箱振动供送下播种多粒率高的问题,设计一种带有Y型导槽的导向振动供种装置.通过分析种子在振动导向充种板上的运动特性,确定导向充种板安装角α为10°、振动方向角β为25°.在不同振动强度下,进行了导向充种板振动特性试验和朝天椒种子在导槽内流动特性试验.结果 表明,随着振动器电压的增加,各检测点振动频率保持在100 Hz,沿X、Y、Z方向振动幅值增大,种子相对导槽的平均流速增大;Y向振幅在0.45～0.54 μm时,种子能在导槽内形成单层、均匀的定向流动,且各导槽内种子平均流速无显著差异.供种效果验证试验表明,在生产效率为300、600、900盘/h条件下,采用导向振动供种装置的播种合格率均超过95％,空穴率均低于5％,满足辣椒育苗精量播种要求.本文设计的导向振动供种装置可显著提高扁平种子播种合格率、降低播种多粒率.

Objective] To optimize chamber structure parameters of the pneumatic plate-type vegetable seed metering device , and to simplify the vacuum flow field in the air chamber as steady , regular, incom-pressible and turbulent fluid .[Method] The FLOTRAN module of ANSYS software was applied to simu-late and analyze the air chamber with different structure parameters .[Result and conclusion] Compared to the rectangular cavity air chamber structure , the rectangular groove connected air chamber structure could save more gas flow and improve the overall strength .Pressure loss of double outlet was less than single outlet, and flow field uniformity of double outlet was better .The optimized air source location was between the fourth and the fifth suction holes calculated from both sides of the metering device .Increas-ing channel depth could reduce pressure loss at transition region and ensure more uniform pressure and velocity distribution .But if channel depth increased , the size of metering device would increase corre-spondingly , and the time for forming steady flow would be longer .According to simulation results , 4 mm channel depth was optimized .Verifying tests of the air flow field in the vacuum chamber of seed metering device show that the simulation analysis results are comparatively consistent with the actual measurement results, with a consistent pressure distribution trend .This proves the feasibility of the numerical simula-tion method.

Low-mobility serial or parallel mechanism is the basic unit for fruit and vegetable picking mechanism structural synthesis.Based on Solidworks 2008 software,low-mobility serial or parallel mechanism type library was developed by dimension driven design method.The basic mechanism type library system architecture was put forward.Through establishing three-dimensional model template for basic mechanisms,creating mechanism performance data attribute information table,designing system interface with Visual C++ software,writing API and ADO interface program,parameter design and attribute information query modification function for basic mechanisms was realized.An intelligent,efficient,high quality design resource platform for fruit and vegetable picking mechanism structural synthesis was developed in the paper.

Banana is one of the most important cash crops in China.In accordance with the rapid development of the banana industry in China,the processing techniques for banana cauloid are in urgent need.According to the processing method in which the banana cauloid is to be diced before it is recycled to the filed,a machine for the banana cauloid dicing and recycling is designed on this basis,in which several disk-sawtooth blades are staggeredly arranged on two shafts with their blades opposed to each other to perform mutual-roller-type movement.Experiments for testing the influential factors to the power and performance are performed on this machine.The test result indicates that the machine has a smaller power and need more than 3kW could be realize dicing device.Also the machine has a good dicing performance,and the percent of pass for the dice quality which under 250g is over 84%,and more than 94% the projection area of the largest cuts in the size of 110 mm × 60 mm in the region,in line with the requirements of agronomy for banana cauloid dicing and recycling.

The imbalance and laggard developing state of Chinese agricultural mechanization has severely restricted the construction of modernized new countryside in China. The main root lies in special topographical conditions, low education level of rural labor force, and lack of high-quality agricultural mechanized implements for production. Many small agricultural machines, which have been researched and developed, still can not be applied widely because of heavy weight, small powers, low quality, inconvenient maintenance and not suitable for passing through the mountain and hill areas.

According to the requirement of factorized rice seeding nursing with the low-cost and the low-investing,this paper studies emphatically a set of seedling equipments for the soft hill seedling nursery box.The equipments include the electromagnetic vibrating rice combined seeder and the steel wire grid.These equipments and the seedling nursing technology are suitable for rice throwing transplanting production. [