Objective:To explore the mechanism of pseudomonas aeruginosa-mannose-sensitive hemagglutinating fimbriae strain (PA-MSHA) and procaine inducing bladder cancer cell apoptosis.Methods:PA-MSHA and procaine were incubated with T24 and 5637 bladder cancer cells, respectively, and the expression of cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease (Caspase)-3/9 protein and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9/soluble Fas receptor ligand (sFasL) mRNA was detected by spectrophotometry and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). At the same time, a phosphate buffer saline (PBS) negative control group was established. Using χ2 test or Fisher′s four-grid table exact test, P<0.05 was considered statistically significant difference. Results:Bladder cancer cells treated with procaine and PA-MSHA showed characteristic morphological changes of apoptosis. Procaine and PA-MSHA could activate the most important effector proteins of Caspase in T24 cells—Caspase-3 and Caspase-9; PA-MSHA could activate Caspase-9 protein in 5637 cells, but procaine could not activate Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 proteins in 5637 cells. The expression of MMP-9 mRNA drops to about 50% of the control group after PA-MSHA, and sFASL receptor have increased in 20%-35%, EGFR receptor increased by 15%; MMP-9 mRNA expression decreased to about 20%-30% of the control group after procaine, sFASL receptor mRNA expression increased by about 15%. The difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:PA-MSHA and procaine induce apoptosis of T24 and 5637 bladder cancer cells, which may be related to the activation of Caspase-3/9 cascade protein, up-regulation of the expression of sFASL, and down-regulation of the expression of MMP-9 metal matrix protease.

目的研究慢性肾源性肾功能不全患者动脉弹性功能。方法测量慢性肾源性肾功能不全患者左颈总动脉内径,测量右肱动脉血压,计算动脉血管僵硬度、扩张度、顺应性,从而判断动脉弹性功能。结果慢性肾功能不全合并高血压组及未合并高血压组的动脉僵硬度均高于正常组,扩张度及顺应性均低于正常组,两组间存在显著差异。结论本研究表明慢性肾源性肾功能不全患者血管僵硬度增高,扩张度及顺应性降低,与正常组存在显著差异,超声检查无创伤,简便,廉价,非常适合基层医院。

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the expressions of COX-2 mRNA and VEGF mRNA in carcinogenesis and development of the cervical cancer.Methods:Quantitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was used to examine the levels of COX-2 mRNA and VEGF mRNA in the following groups: 10 cases with normal cervical tissue,10 cases with atypical hyperplasia cervical tissue and 42 cases with cervical cancer.Results:The relative content of COX-2 mRNA and VEGF mRNA in normal cervical tissue,atypical hyperplasia cervical tissue and cervical cancer was 8.86±19.12,55.76±48.46,132.64±56.99 and 15.23±24.86,57.30±49.40,142.31±59.45 respectively,and the expressions in cervical cancer and atypical hyperplasia cervical tissue were significantly higher than that in normal cervical tissue(P<0.01).The relative content of COX-2 mRNA and VEGF mRNA in cervical cancer was greater significantly than that in atypical hyperplasia cervical tissue(P<0.01).COX-2 was positively correlated with VEGF.Conclusion:High expressions of COX-2 and VEGF are detected in cervical cancer tissue.It plays an essential role in tumor development and growth.COX-2 may stimulate angiogenesis through VEGF up-regulation.

目的 探讨无水乙醇硬化法治疗在肝囊肿治疗中的价值.方法 超声引导下肝囊肿穿刺抽吸囊液、注入无水乙醇.结果 肝囊肿消失或缩小.结论 无水乙醇硬化法可以作为肝囊肿的首选治疗方法.

目的探讨肝癌和肝血管瘤的多普勒成像特点,以及肝癌及肝血管瘤诊断及鉴别诊断的影像学特征。方法使用HDI 5000 Sono CT彩色超声诊断仪,对30个肝癌结节和24个肝血管瘤结节进行多普勒成像,比较两者的影像学特征。结果肝癌和肝血管瘤多普勒成像各有特征。肝癌结节周边点条状血流、周边无血流、内部树支状血流、内部点条状血流的发生率与肝血管瘤有显著性差异;2组间的RI值存在显著差异。应用上述的定性指标拟合Logistic回归模型,经逐步筛选得方程如下:Y=1.148×X_1+2.634×X_2-3.358×X_3,均判别标准:如Y>0,则为阳性(肝癌),如Y<0,则为阴性(肝血管瘤)。其中X_1、X_2、X_3为二值变量,其取值为1或0分别表示周边点条状血流、内部树枝状血流、内部条状血流的发生或不发生,此模型诊断的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为92.31%、83.3%、88.0%。结论超声多普勒成像可以作为肝癌和肝血管瘤诊断及鉴别诊断的依据。

Objective To investigate the value of estimating left ventricular function of patients with uremia by Tei index of echocardiogram.Methods Thirty patients with uremia(uremia group)and 35 normal subjects(control group)were examined by color echocardiograph of HP-5500 type.The diameters of left atrium and ventricle,isovolumic relaxation time(IRT),isovolumic contraction time(ICT),ejection time(ET),ejection fraction(EF),fractional shortening(FS),peak E velocity,peak A velocity,E/A ratio were detected,and the Tei index was calculated.Results In uremia group,left atrial diameter(LAD),left ventricular diastolic diameter(LVDd),left ventricular systolic diameter(LVDs),interventricular septal thickness(IVS),thickness of left ventricular posterior wall(LVPW)were all enlarged compared with control group.There were no significant difference in EF and FS(all P>0.05)in two groups.Compared with control group,there were significant increases in peak E(P<0.05)and peak A(P<0.01)in uremia group,but E/A ratio remained unchanged(P>0.05)in two groups.Compared with control group,IRT was higher(P<0.01),and ET was lower(P<0.05),while ICT remained unaltered(P>0.05)in uremia group.The Tei index was obviously increased in uremia group.Conclusions The Tei index is valuable and easy for estimating the combined systolic and diastolic functions of left ventricle for patients with uremia.

目的探讨肝癌和肝血管瘤的三维彩色能量成像特点,寻找声像图上诊断和鉴别诊断肝癌及肝血管瘤的依据。方法对30个肝癌结节和24个肝血管瘤结节进行三维血管能量成像,使用仪器为HDI5000 Sono CT彩色超声诊断仪。结果肝癌组和肝血管瘤组的三维血管能量成像各有特征。肝癌和肝血管瘤均可分为多血管型和少血管型。肝癌分为4种类型:Ⅰ型树枝状,Ⅱ型网状,Ⅲ型放射状,Ⅳ型为少血管型。多血管型肝癌血管多,且粗大紊乱,分支多,终末细小血管丰富。结论三维血管能量成像可以作为肝癌及肝血管瘤鉴别诊断的依据。

Objective To evaluate the characteristics of three-dimensional color power angiography(3D-CPA)in hepatic carcinoma and hepatic hemangioma for differential diagnosis.Methods CPA was performed using HDI 5000 Sono CT system on hepatocellular carcinoma in 95 cases and hepatic hemangiomas in 72 cases.Results There were 2 types of intratumoral vasculature on 3D-CPA:multiple type and rare type.In hepatic carcinoma,the vessels showed dendritic,network-like and radiotype;in hemangioma,the vessels appeared dentritic,thread ball-like and hollow center type.Conclusions 3D-CPA can integrally display the vessels in the hepatic carcinoma and hemangioma and clearly demonstrated the characteristics and distribution of the vessels inner or outside the tumors.This is the important basis for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the two diseases.

目的:提高对女性尿瘘的认识,探讨二维基波(FI)、组织谐波显像技术(THI)对女性尿瘘的诊断价值。方法:应用二维基波(FI)、组织谐波显像技术(THI)诊断8例女性尿瘘。并对两种方法所得图像进行质量对比分析。结果:全部病例经手术证实,其中膀胱阴道瘘2例,尿道阴道瘘6例。大瘘口0个,中瘘口3个,小瘘口5个。伴阴道结石3例。膀胱充盈或排尿时全部伴有阴道积液。结论:超声对诊断女性尿瘘有较高的诊断价值。组织谐波显像技术可以提高女性尿瘘的诊断率。

国内外的大量实验和临床研究表明,幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染与慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡、胃癌、胃淋巴瘤的发病密切相关,尤其在胃黏膜相关淋巴组织(mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue,MALT)淋巴瘤患者中Hp的感染率高达90%,远高于其他胃部疾病.胃MALT淋巴瘤是原发性胃淋巴瘤的一种特殊类型,约占胃全部恶性肿瘤的3%,具有低恶性、临床少见、术前误诊率高的特点.

自1982年幽门螺杆菌(Hp)被分离培养成功以来,国内外学者进行了大量流行病学研究,经过10多年的努力,有些问题已基本清楚.Hp感染率在发达国家正在迅速下降,在一些发展中国家也将有不同程度的下降.感染率下降的主要原因可能与家庭人员数量减少、卫生经济条件改善、根除Hp治疗普遍开展等因素有关.Hp传染源、传播途径将进一步得到明确,避免与传染源接触、切断传播途径、保护易感人群可能成为最经济有效的预防Hp感染的方法.本文主要对Hp感染后的流行病学情况进行叙述.

现已明确,幽门螺杆菌(Hp)与慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡、胃癌和黏膜相关性淋巴样组织(MALT)淋巴瘤密切相关.Hp呈螺旋形,有鞭毛、适应性的酶和蛋白,这使它能在胃内酸性环境中定植和生存.Hp产生的毒素和有毒性作用的酶能破坏胃黏膜屏障,还能使机体产生炎症和免疫反应,增加胃泌素的分泌,最终导致一系列疾病的发生.