针对转换波地震资料的处理问题,本次研究结合我国转换波地震资料的处理现状,首先对处理过程中的关键技术进行全面研究,在此基础上,对转换波地震资料的处理效果进行全面分析,为提高转换波地震资料的处理效果奠定基础.

二叠系的火成岩在塔河地区分布广泛,其速度和厚度在横向上变化剧烈,导致下伏地层在构造特征上出现高频抖动,形成继承性假断裂,给奥陶系中缝洞的识别以及精细解释带来了困难.基于深度偏移算法,重点对研究区火成岩下伏地层成像开展速度建模的研究,通过变尺度的网格层析反演和多信息约束的目标反演构建高精度的速度模型,并用于偏移成像.成像剖面和综合属性的对比分析表明:该建模方法和传统网格层析建模相比,能更精细地刻画火成岩速度,最大限度消除火成岩下伏地层的继承性假构造和假断裂,恢复地下真实的构造特征,同时增强了奥陶系内部小缝洞成像的聚焦性.

This paper introduces a diving wave traveltime tomographic velocity inversion technology based on the natural pixel fat ray technique,namely,its principle,processing flow,main steps,key parameters,influencing factors,and application to the initial velocity model building of depth migration.This inversion technology could reduce the sparsity of the tomographic inversion matrix,thus improving the stability of the velocity inversion by broadening the ray path for the established observed system.The technology could build a near-surface velocity model that is deeper than that obtained using conventional refraction tomography inversion,thus providing a better initial velocity model for depth migration by merging with the deep velocity model reasonably.The field data processing results showed that the proposed technology could eliminate the structure imaging artifacts caused by strong lateral velocity variations in the shallows and improve the sig nal-to-noise ratio of seismic imaging,thus reducing seismic-well depth deviation.

塔河地区裂缝及溶蚀孔洞非常发育，储层的非均质性极强，如何提高储层预测精度及精细描述储层已经成为当前迫切需要解决的问题。精细的储层预测不仅要有一个高质量的成像结果，更需要一个好的成像道集。而目前的常规处理方法大部分都是为了得到好的成像效果而提出的，所以得到的道集都存在着一定的问题，不能满足高精度储层预测的需求。偏移距矢量片(OVT)技术是一种面向宽方位地震资料的处理方法，较常规窄方位处理技术有着更多的优势，应用 OVT 道集进行偏移能够更好的发挥宽方位地震资料的优势，不仅能够得到成像精度更高的偏移剖面，还能提供振幅、方位信息保真的共反射点（CRP）道集为后续的精确储层预测等工作打下很好的基础。

Liang 11-63 wells in block 11 in the area.Strata of the major oil sand sand two groups 7,8.Oil-bearing area 0.34km2,geological reserves of 150 × 104t,recoverable reserves of 82.2 × 104t,the ultimate recovery of 54.8%.Beam block 11 is at room temperature,atmospheric pressure,high structural fault block oil reservoir rock permeability.Large differences in the vertical permeability,heterogeneity between layers is more serious.Rising phase of the current into the water,wells production decline faster injection well network is imperfect,the formation energy down fast,this beam 11-63 wells for analysis of the issues currently exist to further explore the potential and made the next step of tapping the potential of measures for the beam to better exploitation of 11~63 wells provide a reliable basis.

Due to the changes of pressure and temperature in oil production and un-matching of underground water and injected water,fouling will be formed in area wells,underground pipelines,pumps,ground equipment and pipelines,which will plug the facilities and affect the crude oil production.The causes of oil well fouling,fouling types,fouling mechanisms and impact factors are described.The various anti-fouling methods are introduced.Appropriate methods should be selected based upon actual conditions of oil fields.