运用激光镊子拉曼光谱技术（LTRS）研究铝胁迫下土生隐球酵母细胞和线粒体拉曼光谱变化。细胞和线粒体中与核酸、蛋白质和脂类相关的特征峰强度随着铝处理浓度和处理时间的增加而逐渐降低,表明细胞凋亡过程中细胞和线粒体内的核酸、蛋白质和脂类生物大分子逐渐减少。线粒体内与细胞色素c（Cyt c）相关的特征峰强度随铝处理浓度增大和处理时间的延长而显著降低,说明线粒体中的细胞色素c释放到线粒体外。线粒体的呼吸峰随着铝浓度的增加和处理时间的延长而降低,说明线粒体的活性不断减弱,能量代谢受阻。因此,拉曼光谱实时监测了铝胁迫细胞凋亡的动态过程及其线粒体的生理生化变化过程,并且揭示了铝诱导土生隐球酵母凋亡过程中线粒体内细胞色素c的释放行为,这些结果有助于了解酸性土壤中铝对生物的毒害机理。

Fatty acid desaturase catalyze saturated fatty acids or unsaturated fatty acids combined with a carrier to form a double bond in the acyl chain.Fatty acid desaturases were divided into three categories of acyl-ACP desaturase,acyl-CoA desaturase and acyl-lipid desaturase.△12-fatty acid desaturase belongs to acyl-lipid desaturase,which introduces a double bond between the twelfth and thirteenth carbon atom of fatty acid chains.△12-fatty acid desaturase regulate the synthesis and content of oleic acid,linoleic acid and other unsaturated fatty acids.The basic characteristics and stress functions of △12-fatty acid desaturase FAD2 were reviewed,and the future research direction of related research areas was prospected.

Calmodulin is a signal component which functions in variety of biological processes.It generally exists in eukaryotic cells.Calcium/calmodulin signal pathway is composed of calcium ion,calmodulin and downstrenm target proteins,and plays a biological role in signal transmission.In this paper,we mainly reviewed the role of calmodulin-binding protein in drought,salt,cold and heat stress,and predicted the future prospects of the researches.