甘肃省地形狭长,生态多样且耕作制度复杂.大豆曾是甘肃省重要作物之一,但目前大豆相关产业发展缓慢.本文对甘肃省大豆的生产近况、主栽品种及相关种植技术进行综合阐述,并结合甘肃省目前大豆生产中存在的问题提出相应的建议与对策.

Based on the evaluation on overall grain production capacity, the major factors influencing grain production in every decade were analyzed using the grain yield statistics in over 60 years of Shandong Province. The factors included crop varieties and related production techniques, applying amount of chemical fertilizers, total investment of agricultural machinery, natural hazards, agriculture policies and market. Their relations with grain production were also analyzed. The results showed that the first factor leading to the increase of interannual volatility of grain yield was the applying amount of chemical fertilizers; the second one was effective irrigation area, and the third one was grain cultivation area. Drought hazard was the main factor decreasing grain yield. Per unit yield was the first factor influencing total grain yield of Shandong Province. The hazard rate of farmlands had obvious effects on total grain yield, and they showed apparently negative correlativity.

The simulated rainfall experiment was carried out to research the impacts of conservation tillage on soil and water loss in sloping field of western Loess Plateau.The paper focuses on the effects of soil water content and soil water erosion by conventional tillage of spring wheat/lucerne intercropping.Cheick pea/lucerne intercropping and potato/lucerne intercropping,and no-tillage with stubble retention of spring wheat/lucerne intercropping,cheick pea/lucerne intercropping.The results showed that:(1) No-tillage with stubble can increase the plant cover on the land and store precipitation on crop yield.In the end of the simulated rainfall experiment,average soil water content by different methods showed that: NTSplNTSclNTSwl TplTclTwl.(2)The runoff process of different methods may be divided into runoff producing,maximum runoff,stability of runoff and disappearance of runoff;soil erosion may be divided into erosion producing,maximum of erosion amount and curtailment erosion.(3) The order of total amounts of runoff and soil loss by six treatments were TwlNTSwlTclNTSclTclNTSpl,and the best model of soil and water conservation is potato/lucerne intercropping.No-tillage with stubble retention of potato/lucerne intercropping is suitable for popularized plant on western Loess Plateau,and it can come into being better ecological benefit,economic benefit and social benefit.

为有效灭除草地害草轮叶马先蒿，采用2，4-D丁酯在巴音布鲁克高寒草地进行了不同时期不同剂量化学防除试验。结果表明，防除轮叶马先蒿的最佳时期为盛花期；最佳药品用量是0．066mL／m^2；喷施2，4-D丁酯后，草地植被生态环境得到明显改善，轮叶马先蒿被部分或完全灭除，优良牧草垂穗披碱草在草地群落中占据优势地位，同时杂类草新疆假龙胆受到一定的抑制，草地质量明显提高。

The characteristics of Web data mining were introduced,as well as the object data,the main process and key technologies of mining.The future applications of data mining were presented in the agricultural information websites,with analysis of the typical applications.

[Objective] The research aimed to discuss an approach that could enhance the water retaining capacity of soil in slope farmland and reduce water and soil loss.[Method] Three treatments of intercropping spring wheat and liquorice in the traditional cultivation(TWL),that in no-tillage cultivation without covering(NTWL)and that in no-tillage cultivation with straw covering(NTSWL)were set up in the semiarid area of Longzhong Loess Plateau in 2007.The gradient was from 6° to 7°.The runoff collection pool was set at the bottom of each treatment plot.[Result] The effects of controlling water and soil loss in different treatment were different.The effect of NTSWL was best,followed by NTWL and that of TWL was the third.Among the nutrient content in sediment losses,total soil erosion amount of organic matter,available N,available P,available K losses was greatest and that of total N and total P was least.NTSWL treatment had an obvious role in reducing the losses of organic matter,available N,total N and total P.The regression correlation between runoff amount,sediment quantity and rainfall were all quite significant.[Conclusion] No-till with straw cover was an effective measure for controlling water and soil loss.

The experiment of split-plot design with potassium application as main treatments and water supplement in different stages as sub treatments was conducted to study the effect of the treatments on potato yield and WUE in semiarid area.The results showed that the difference of the amount of potassium application,different stage of water supplement and their interaction on yield and WUE was in significant level or very significant level.On the condition of K(150 kg/hm2) and seedling of water supplement the yield and WUE reached 36 324.97 kg/hm2,94.2 kg/(mm·hm2),respectively.The yield and WUE increased by 32.24% and 30.7% compared with CK,respectively.

In order to reduce soil and water losses in sloping fields and improve sustainability on fragile slopes,the field experiment was conducted in 2007,in the semi-arid region of west Loess Plateau in Gansu province and the effect of conservation tillage of genuine traditional chinese drugs on soil erosion in sloping fields was analyzed.Six treatments including conventional tillage of indigowoad root/liquorice intercropping(TIL) and spring wheat/liquorice intercropping(TWL),no-tillage with no stubble retention of indigowoad root/liquorice intercropping(NTIL) and spring wheat/liquorice intercropping(NTWL), no-tillage with stubble retention of indigowoad root/liquorice intercropping(NTSIL) and spring wheat/liquorice intercropping(NTSWL),with three replications which had slopes ranging from 6° to 7°,were investigated.The ponds of runoff and sediment were placed at the bottom of each plots.The results showed that:(1) Conservation tillage has significant effection to prevent soil erosion,the total amounts of runoff and soil loss of six treatments were TWLNTWLNTSWLTILNTILNTSIL.(2) The total loss of organic matter,available N,available P,available K in the nutrients of sediment loss is maximum,but the total loss of whole N and whole P is minimum,and NTSIL has obvious function to reduce the loss of organic matter and available K.(3) The regression relation among runoff,sediment yield and rainfall are very notable.It showed that the impact of soil and water conservation in indigowoad root/liquorice intercropping was superior than spring wheat/liquorice intercropping,and the NTSIL was the best of six treatments.