溶瘤病毒是肿瘤选择性、多杀伤途径的抗肿瘤制剂,其直接杀伤肿瘤细胞达到溶瘤效果,并释放肿瘤抗原,激活机体抗肿瘤免疫应答.溶瘤病毒可搭载多种细胞因子,如GM-CSF、IL-2等,在小鼠模型和临床患者治疗中均被证实能够起到有效的抗肿瘤作用.溶瘤病毒细胞载体的应用使溶瘤病毒制剂在临床转化与治疗中得到更好的推广,其联合其他治疗手段共同治疗肿瘤已成为肿瘤临床治疗的重要研究方向.

目的 分析地西他滨联合小剂量阿糖胞苷治疗老年急性髓系白血病(AML)的效果.方法 选取我院2013年6月～2017年1月收治的老年急性髓系白血病患者72例作为观察对象,按照单双号法分为对照组和治疗组各36例,对照组采用单纯阿糖胞苷治疗,治疗组采用地西他滨联合小剂量阿糖胞苷治疗,观察并比较两组疗效和不良反应情况.结果 治疗组的治疗总有效率与对照组进行统计比较,对照组低于治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较,治疗组与对照组之间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 地西他滨联合小剂量阿糖胞苷治疗老年急性髓系白血病具有效果确切,不良反应发生率低等优点,具有积极的临床使用和推广意义.

总结了42例肺癌合并大咯血介入治疗后的临床观察与护理。主要包括了支气管动脉栓塞术的术前护理、术中护理和术后护理。认为在内科保守治疗无效后，支气管动脉栓塞术在晚期肺癌合并大咯血患者中有较好的疗效。

肠病相关T细胞淋巴瘤(EATL)来源于小肠上皮细胞,人群发病率低,恶性程度大,疾病进展快,预后极差,中位生存期大约7.5个月.患者临床症状不典型,误诊率高,且通常一般状态差,对治疗耐受性差,暂时缺乏标准的治疗方案.本文报道一例EATL.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of rosiglitazone (RGZ) and all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) on the growth of myeloma xenograft in nude mice and to explore the influence of RGZ and ATRA on VEGF expression and angiogenesis in the tumor.METHODS:VEGF gene expression in myeloma cell line U266 cells was analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR after incubation with RGZ, ATRA, or RGZ + ATRA for 24 h. Myeloma xenograft was established by subcutaneous injection of 10(7) U266 cells in the scapula area of 4-week old nude mice. 7 days later, the nude mice were administered with RGZ, ATRA or RGZ + ATRA, respectively, by intraperitoneal injection once every day for 21 days. The control mice were given equal volume of normal saline instead of the drug. On the 21(st) day of treatment, the mice were sacrificed and the tumors were taken off, and the tumor volume and weight were measured. The tumors were examined by histopathology with HE staining, and microvessel density (MVD), CD34 and VEGF expression in the tumors were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS:VEGF mRNA was highly expressed in U266 cells and was decreased in a dose-dependent manner after incubation with RGZ. The VEGF mRNA level was further more decreased after RGZ + ATRA treatment. Xenografts of U266 cells were developed in all nude mice. The volume and weight of xenografts in the RGZ group were (785 ± 262) mm(3) and (1748 ± 365) mg, respectively, significantly lower than those of the control group (both P < 0.01). More significant inhibition was in the RGZ + ATRA group, (154 ± 89) mm(3) and (626 ± 102) mg, respectively, both were P < 0.05 vs. the RGZ group. RGZ inhibited the angiogenesis in U266 xenografts and immunohistochemical staining showed that the tumor MVD and VEGF expression were significantly decreased by RGZ treatment, and further more inhibited in the RGZ + ATRA group. VEGF protein was expressed in all xenografts in the nude mice. Its immunohistochemical staining intensity was 2.20 ± 0.40 in the control group, significantly higher than that of 1.48 ± 0.37 in the RGZ group (P < 0.01), and that of RGZ + ATRA group was 0.58 ± 0.26, further significantly lower than that of the RGZ group (P < 0.01). CD34 was expressed in all xenografts, most highly in the control group and lowest in the RGZ + ATRA group. The microvessel density (MVD) was highest in the control group (56.4 ± 15.2), significantly lower in the RGZ group (44.6 ± 11.2) (P < 0.05), and lowest in the RGZ + ATRA group (21.5 ± 8.6, P < 0.01).CONCLUSIONS:The growth of myeloma cells can also be inhibited by RGZ and ATRA in nude mice in vivo. In addition to differentiation and apoptosis induction, RGZ can inhibit the formation of myeloma xenograft probably also through the downregulation of VEGF expression and subsequent angiogenesis.

多发性骨髓瘤(MM)其特点是恶性浆细胞在骨髓微环境中不规则积聚引起的不同程度贫血、骨破坏、肾功能不全、高钙血症和感染[1].MM发病机制尚不明确且目前仍被认为不可治愈,因此建立MM模型具有重大意义.Yaccoby等[2]曾建立起较经典的SCID-hu MM模型,但是该模型却忽略了MM是在有免疫力的人体发生的.我们试用尚有残余免疫力的BALB/c裸鼠建立MM模型并研究其特性.

目的 分析多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者血清镁离子(Mg2+)水平与早期肾功能损害及自身终末免疫效应下降的相关性因素.方法 选取MM患者57例,采集性别、年龄、血清Mg2+、尿比重和血清补体C3水平等数据,后三者做正态性检验;利用方差分析考察性别、年龄对后三者的混杂影响情况;在符合直线相关条件下,用SAS 8.1统计软件做出血清Mg2+分别与尿比重及血清补体C3水平的直线相关关系、相关性的强弱程度,选取具有典型代表性的20个数值试用Excel绘制散点图并试拟合出趋势直线.结果 高血清Mg2+水平(≥1.1 mmol/L)患者尿比重较低;低血清Mg2+水平(＜0.8mmol/L)患者血清补体C3水平较低,且明显低于正常水平.结论 高血清Mg2+水平患者可能易早期出现肾功能不全,低血清Mg2+水平患者可能免疫力较低,更易发生感染.