In the present work, two morphologies of SiO2 nanomaterials (SiO2 nanotubes and nanoparticles) have been successfully synthesized in supercritical fluids (SCFs). The cataluminescence (CTL) features of the two SiO2 nanomaterials to some common harmful gases were compared, and the results showed that SiO2 nanotubes had better CTL sensing characteristic to some common harmful gases. The SiO2 nanotubes not only had uniform size and shape with a high specific surface area, but also exhibited superior sensitivity and selectivity to ethyl acetate vapor. Using the SiO2 nanotubes as sensing material, a CTL sensor for ethyl acetate vapor was developed. The proposed sensor showed high sensitivity and specificity to ethyl acetate at optimal temperature of 293 °C, a wavelength of 425 nm and a flow rate of 345 mL/min. With a detection limit of 0.85 ppm, the linear range of CTL intensity versus concentrations of ethyl acetate vapor was 2.0–2000 ppm. None or only very low levels of interference were observed while the foreign substances such as acetone, acetaldehyde, acetic acid, formaldehyde, ammonia, ethanol, benzene and methanol were passing through the sensor. This method allows rapid determination of gaseous ethyl acetate at workshop.

MgO and Y2O3 nanoparticles were prepared by supercritical fluid drying (SCFD) method (280 degrees C x 7. 0 MPa x 30 min). It was found that the cataluminescence (CTL) intensities of some harmful gases on MgO-SCFD and Y2O3-SCFD nanoparticles were much higher than those on nanoparticles prepared by common drying (CD) method. A CTL sensor using MgO-SCFD as the sensing material was developed for the detection of vinyl acetate vapor. The proposed sensor showed high sensitivity and selectivity to vinyl acetate under the optimal conditions of temperature of 279 degrees C, wavelength of 425 nm and flow rate of 160 mL/min. The linear range of CTL intensity versus concentration of vinyl acetate vapor was 1. 8 - 1800 mg/m(3), with detection limit of 0. 7 mg/m(3). Under the optimized conditions, None or only very low levels of significant interference were observed while the foreign substances such as acetone, acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate, acetic acid, formaldehyde, ammonia, ethanol, benzene and methanol were passing through the sensor. This method allows rapid determination of vinyl acetate in air at workshop.

A sensor for detecting ethyl ether in air was designed based on the cataluminescence phenomenon when ethyl ether vapor was passing through the surface of the ZnO nano-rods.The proposed sensor showed high sensitivity and selectivity to ethyl ether at optimal temperature of 264 ℃,a wavelength of 460 nm and a flow rate of 280 mL·min-1.The linear range of CTL intensity versus concentrations of ethyl ether vapor was 10 mL·m-3～2 000 mL·m-3(R=0.999 6),with detection limits of 4.8 mL·m-3 and the response time was within 2 s.There was no response to common foreign substances,such as benzene,formaldehyde,ammonia,methanol,sevoflurane,ethanol and chloroform,while only acetaldehyde,acetic acid and acetone could cause 1.38%,1.06%,1.31% of interference respectively.Ethyl ether vapor could be measured conveniently and quickly by this gas sensor.

醋酸乙烯是一种应用广泛的工业化学品,主要用于生产聚醋酸乙烯酯,聚乙烯醇,工业涂料及粘合剂等.它是一种无色易燃有刺激性的液体,是潜在的人类致癌物质.目前用于检测醋酸乙烯蒸气的传感器极少报道.