Quantifying vegetation dynamics has become a critical scientific imperative in the context of global ecosystem restoration initiatives targeting degraded forests. Previous studies have explored vegetation-cover change trends at different spatial scales worldwide using the Theil-Sen (TS) estimator and Mann-Kendall (MK) test, yet few have accounted for the uncertainty in resulting trends across time-series datasets of varying lengths. Taking the coastal zone of Fujian Province in Southeast China as a case study, we investigated the uncertainty of vegetation-cover change trends using normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) datasets of different lengths (e.g., 20-year, 15-year, and 10-year) via the TS estimator and MK test. Additionally, piece-wise regression was employed to detect turning points and shifts in vegetation trends between 2001 and 2020. The results indicate significant discrepancies in trend estimation across datasets of different lengths, with consistency ratios ranging from 46.1% to 64.7% among the 20-year, 15-year, and 10-year series. The MK test is more sensitive to time-series length than the TS estimator, with areas of significant change decreasing by over 50% when transitioning from a 20-year to a 10-year dataset. The spatial distribution of trend shifts exhibits a distinct "coastal-inland" polarization pattern, with 2010 as the turning point. Eight modes of vegetation trend shifts were identified based on pre- and post-turning point dynamics. Furthermore, piece-wise regression improved trend accuracy by approximately 15%. This research advances the mechanistic understanding of spatiotemporal vegetation dynamics and supports adaptive ecosystem management strategies.

Sprawling road networks cutting through forested areas continue to be a potent catalyst of deforestation in tropical regions. Yet, pantropical assessments limited by the lack of high-resolution global maps of tropical forest loss induced by road networks. Here, we harnessed the road dataset from the Global Roads Inventory Project and the forest loss dataset from Global Forest Change, to produce global tropical high-resolution maps of road impact index spanning 2001 to 2020. We find that the forest area within a 1-km distance from roads accounts for about one-sixth, but its proportion of forest loss is nearly one-third, the road impact index is 2.45 times higher than those beyond the zone. The road impact index of all countries shows a decreasing trend with the distance from roads and increasing from 2001 to 2020. Our findings emphasize the urgent need for globalized efforts to protect the intact forests and rehabilitate degraded forests along roadside.

To elucidate the adaptive mechanisms and strategies of different-aged leaves of Kandelia obovata in response to resource limitations in the Minjiang River Estuary Wetland Nature Reserve, we measured 21 leaf functional traits from current-year and previous-year leaves, and compared the traits between the two leaf types to construct leaf economic spectrum. The results showed that the fresh and dry weight of K. obovata in the previous-year leaves was 2.3 times of current-year leaves. There was a significant difference in nitrogen (N) content, with values of 20.59 mg·g-1 for current-year leaves and 15.88 mg·g-1 for previous-year leaves, as well as in phosphorus (P) content, with values of 1.40 and 1.06 mg·g-1, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between N and P content. The net photosynthetic rate differed significantly, with values of 7.53 and 4.68 μmol·m-2·s-1 for current-year and previous-year leaves, respectively. There was a significant difference in stomatal conductance (0.16 vs. 0.15 mol·m-2·s-1). The economic spectrum indicated that current-year leaves possessed traits such as thin structure, rapid extension, high photosynthetic efficiency, low leaf tissue density, and higher N and P content, reflecting a strategy of rapid investment and return. In contrast, previous-year leaves exhibited thicker structure, slower extension, lower photosynthetic efficiency, higher leaf tissue density, and lower N and P content, adopting a more conservative and slow-investment growth strategy. These findings suggested that K. obovata employed two distinct growth strategies, adjusting leaf structure and physiological properties to enhance its survival in stressed environments.

This study systematically reviews the development and application of remote sensing technology in monitoring and evaluating urban heat island (UHI) effects. The urban heat island effect, characterized by significantly higher temperatures in urban areas compared to surrounding rural regions, has become a widespread environmental issue globally, with impacts spanning public health, energy consumption, ecosystems, and social equity. The paper first analyzes the formation mechanisms and impacts of urban heat islands, then traces the evolution of remote sensing technology from early traditional platforms such as Landsat and NOAA-AVHRR to modern next-generation systems, including the Sentinel series and ECOSTRESS, emphasizing improvements in spatial and temporal resolution and their application value. At the methodological level, the study systematically evaluates core algorithms for land surface temperature extraction and heat island intensity calculation, compares innovative developments in multi-source remote sensing data integration and fusion techniques, and establishes a framework for accuracy assessment and validation. Through analyzing the heat island differences between metropolitan areas and small–medium cities, the relationship between urban morphology and thermal environment, and regional specificity and global universal patterns, this study revealed that the proportion of impervious surfaces is the primary driving factor of heat island intensity while simultaneously finding that vegetation cover exhibits significant cooling effects under suitable conditions, with the intensity varying significantly depending on vegetation types, management levels, and climatic conditions. In terms of applications, the paper elaborates on the practical value of remote sensing technology in identifying thermally vulnerable areas, green space planning, urban material optimization, and decision support for UHI mitigation. Finally, in light of current technological limitations, the study anticipates the application prospects of artificial intelligence and emerging analytical methods, as well as trends in urban heat island monitoring against the backdrop of climate change. The research findings not only enrich the theoretical framework of urban climatology but also provide a scientific basis for urban planners, contributing to the development of more effective UHI mitigation strategies and enhanced urban climate resilience.

To elucidate the adaptive mechanisms and strategies of different-aged leaves of Kandelia obovata in response to resource limitations in the Minjiang River Estuary Wetland Nature Reserve, we measured 21 leaf functional traits from current-year and previous-year leaves, and compared the traits between the two leaf types to construct leaf economic spectrum. The results showed that the fresh and dry weight of K. obovata in the previous-year leaves was 2.3 times of current-year leaves. There was a significant difference in nitrogen (N) content, with values of 20.59 mg·g-1 for current-year leaves and 15.88 mg·g-1 for previous-year leaves, as well as in phosphorus (P) content, with values of 1.40 and 1.06 mg·g-1, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between N and P content. The net photosynthetic rate differed significantly, with values of 7.53 and 4.68 μmol·m-2·s-1 for current-year and previous-year leaves, respectively. There was a significant difference in stomatal conductance (0.16 vs. 0.15 mol·m-2·s-1). The economic spectrum indicated that current-year leaves possessed traits such as thin structure, rapid extension, high photosynthetic efficiency, low leaf tissue density, and higher N and P content, reflecting a strategy of rapid investment and return. In contrast, previous-year leaves exhibited thicker structure, slower extension, lower photosynthetic efficiency, higher leaf tissue density, and lower N and P content, adopting a more conservative and slow-investment growth strategy. These findings suggested that K. obovata employed two distinct growth strategies, adjusting leaf structure and physiological properties to enhance its survival in stressed environments.

Chinese excellent traditional culture is China’s cultural quintessence. Integrating excellent traditional culture into the college professional course teaching will help to give full play to the leading role of mainstream ideology and enhance college students’ sense of national identity and cultural confidence. Based on expounding the importance of the integration of Chinese excellent traditional culture and professional course teaching, this paper that relied on the "Ecological Engineering" course investigated six teaching cases of integrating Chinese excellent traditional culture to classroom teaching by questionnaire method to analyze the ways and reasons of integration that students were interested in, in order to correctly understand the value of Chinese excellent traditional culture in the course ideological and political education and explore effective ways to integrate the two.

The effects of different tree stands of Schima superba, Alnus formosana, and Castanopsis fissa on activated aluminum in acidic soils were evaluated in Jianyang District, Nanping City, Fujian Province, China. The contents of exchangeable aluminum, monomeric hydroxyl aluminum, acid soluble inorganic aluminum, and humic acid aluminum in rhizosphere and bulk soils of different stands were measured to compare the effects of different tree species on the content and proportion of activated aluminum in soil. The results showed that: compared with those in rhizosphere soils of S. superba and A. formosana, the contents of exchangeable aluminum in rhizosphere soils of C. fissa reduced by 54.48% and 38.93%, while those of monomeric hydroxyl aluminum increased by 47.43% and 32.56%, respectively. A. formosana had the highest content of acid-soluble inorganic aluminum in bulk soils among the three stands; in A. formosana stands, there were significant differences in the contents of hydroxyl aluminum, acid soluble inorganic aluminum, and humic acid aluminum between rhizosphere and bulk soils. There were also significant differences in exchange aluminum contents of S. superba stands and in acid-soluble inorganic aluminum contents of C. fissa stands, in rhizosphere and bulk soils; and the proportions of exchangeable aluminum and monomeric hydroxyl aluminum differed between the three stands, with the proportion of exchangeable aluminum content being in the order of S. superba＞ A. formosana＞ C. fissa, while that of monomeric hydroxyl aluminum content was in the order C. fissa＞ S. superba＞ A. formosana. Therefore, the contents of activated aluminum in soil were affected by the rhizosphere environment and tree stand types.

Oil exploration fragments coastal wetland habitats, which often leads to biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation. Assessing the negative effects of oil infrastructures at the landscape scale is critical for practical coastal wetland management and the planning of protected areas (PAs). However, information gaps involving wetland connectivity and oil exploration exist in current conservation, which limit the efficiency of PAs. Here, we used a GIS-based circuit theory model (Circuitscape) and high-resolution remote sensing data to simulate the movement patterns of random species and to elucidate the effects of oil wells on their connective elements in four types of wetlands (mudflat, saline marsh, shrub wetland and forest wetland) in the Yellow River Delta (YRD), China. The effectiveness of the Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve (YRDNR) in protecting wetland connectivity was evaluated. A planning framework to optimize wetland conservation and restoration by Linkage Mapper was then provided to improve the landscape connectivity of oil well-disturbed wetlands in this region. The results showed that oil wells significantly decreased wetland connectivity and altered their connective elements in the four wetlands of the YRD. Both the resistance of wetland species movement and the heterogeneity of species dispersal have increased. The length of potential corridors and areas possessing barriers to movement have increased by 126 km (20%) and 51 km2 (120%), respectively. Areas with pinch points that promote species movements, however, decreased by 1178 km2 (60%). The YRDNR protected less than 50% of the key corridors and ecological nodes, considering the impacts of oil wells. Mudflat is seriously affected by oil wells in the YRDNR. Consequently, new alternative corridors produced by oil wells and pinch areas at high risk of impacts by oil wells have the highest protection priorities, whereas those permeable barrier areas, such as croplands and paddy fields, have the highest restoration priorities. The results also illustrated the importance of rivers and water bodies as potential shelters for wetland species. Our research suggests that circuit theory model is an effective planning tool to quantify the negative impacts of oil activities and to identify the protection or restoration priorities of ecological hot spots which are unable to be detected by traditional PAs method. This work provides guides for improving landscape connectivity and specifying target habitats for coastal conservation management.

Understanding how natural disasters affect soil quality and how it recovers is essential to improve soil management. We studied the effects of the 2010 Nanping landslides (China) on soil quality. We conducted an observational study using three levels of disturbance (‘destroyed’, ‘recovering’, and ‘undisturbed’). The ‘destroyed’ areas were sampled immediately after the landslide and the others were sampled 7 years later. To assess the consistency of landslide-induced effects, we sampled these levels of disturbance in three forest types (Cunninghamia lanceolata conifer forest, Phyllostachys heterocycla bamboo forest, and secondary evergreen broadleaf forest). In total, 81 soil samples were collected and analyzed for 26 soil indicators. A minimum data set (MDS) was identified that represented the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soils. Indicators in the MDS were then weighted and summed together to calculate a soil quality index (SQI) for each category and a total SQI. The landslide strongly affected all aspects of soil quality. After seven years of natural recovery, most aspects of soil quality were significantly improved but remained lower than in ‘undisturbed’ sites. Recovery was faster for biological than physical or chemical properties. Recovery was slower in bamboo forests than in other forest types, suggesting that human interventions could accelerate post-landslide soil recovery in bamboo forest. Our results provide fundamental data for evaluating impacts of natural disasters on soil and rates of natural recovery.

为明晰低磷条件下内生真菌对台湾相思(Acacia confusa)叶绿素荧光特性的影响,探讨利用内生真菌提高台湾相思光合特性的可能性,从台湾相思中分离纯化4株强势内生真菌F(Filobasidium sp.)、Ⅰ(Penicillium sp.)、E(Penicillium sp.)、N(Penicillium sp.)及 FI混合菌(质量比 1∶1),并添加于 4 个供磷水平(0,10,20,40 mg/kg)的土培台湾相思幼苗盆钵中.结果表明:在适量供磷条件下(40 mg/kg),对照组(未接菌种)的叶绿素含量均总体低于各菌种处理组,菌株Ⅰ、FI处理组的光合系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)活性(Fv/Fo)、PSⅡ最大光能转换效率(Fv/Fm)总体略高于对照组;轻度磷胁迫下(20 mg/kg),对照组的叶绿素含量始终低于菌株E、FI和F处理组,而不同处理组的Fv/Fo、Fv/Fm则总体差异不显著;重度磷胁迫下(10 mg/kg),菌株F、E、N处理组的叶绿素含量总体较高,其中菌株E处理组的Fv/Fo、Fv/Fm始终高于对照组;无磷处理下(0 mg/kg),菌株FI、I处理组在胁迫中后期的叶绿素含量较高,菌株I处理组的Fv/Fo、Fv/Fm始终略高于对照组.综上,菌株F、FI处理对台湾相思叶绿素荧光特性的促进作用最佳,明确了适合低磷环境促进台湾相思叶绿素荧光特性的菌种,可为理解内生真菌对台湾相思光合特性的促进机制提供参考,亦为沿海台湾相思海岸防护林的持续性经营提供新思路.

以福建农林大学生态学专业一流本科专业点建设为例,采用问卷调查法明确学生和企业单位需求,协同企业和基层单位探索建设校企基三方合作协同育人模式和长效合作机制,推动学科和行业融合,并通过评价校企基协同育人效果,进一步改进完善专业培养方案,为指导一流专业点建设和提升本科人才培养质量提供参考.

There is profound interest in knowing the degree to which the effectiveness of China’s nature reserves, and whether leakage is common around the reserves, in the face of the most drastic conflicts between conservation and development in the world. To answer these questions, we employed the Landsat-derived Global Forest Change Dataset with 30-m resolution to examine forest change patterns during 2001 and 2017 both inside and outside of 13 typically national nature reserves in China. The average forest loss rates inside the reserves were significantly lower than those of outside the reserves (i.e., both in buffer and landscape zones), suggesting the success in protecting forest of these reserves in China. We found that the protection practice reduced approximately 10% of deforestation. Protection efficiency may be substantially overestimated (about 13–43%) if failing to control the related variables, such as altitude, climate, and human interference. The forest loss rates in the buffer zones were not significantly higher than those in the broader landscape zones, suggesting that leakage is not a frequent occurrence in the buffer zones of the reserves. However, the forest loss rates showed a slightly increasing tendency from 2001 to 2017, the loss rates increased gradually from inside to their outside buffer zones, and leakage was observed in certain zones of some years for most of the reserves. The conversions of forest to grassland and cultivated land were the primary trajectories of forest loss both inside and outside of the reserves. Though the leakage is not universal in the reserves across the country, forest loss rates are much higher in the buffer zones than those inside the reserves, resulting in increased insulation of the reserves that could undermine the provisioning of ecosystem services and the biodiversity conservation efficiency.

Even as it promotes economic development, the rapid development of expressways has important effects on its surrounding land use, landscape patterns, and ecological environment. In this study, we took the 10 km buffer zone of the expressways network in Nanping City as the study area with the support of GIS. Changes in land use, landscape patterns, and ecosystem-services value along expressways were analyzed using buffer zone analysis, statistical analysis, model of changes in land use and landscape indices, and ecosystem services value model. The results showed that forest land was the main land-use type along expressways in Nanping City from 2005 to 2015. The construction land area increased significantly when it was closer to the expressways, while the area of cultivated land decreased significantly when it was closer to the expressways. For the temporal changes, the increase in the area of forest land and construction land was mainly due to the transfer of grassland and cultivated land. The patch density and shape of construction land showed increasing and complex trends, respectively, while the patch density and shape of other land types showed decreasing and simple trends. The patch distribution of construction land and forest land was more concentrated, while other land types tended to be scattered, especially unused land. The influence of expressway on the surrounding landscape pattern was about 4 km. Expressway mainly caused the increase of landscape patch density and diversity index, and the decrease of landscape shape index and aggregation index. The value of ecosystem services in forest land and water gradually decreased and increased, respectively when they were closer to the expressways. Four kilometers was the range of influence of the expressway network on ecosystemservices value in Nanping City. The study provides a decision-making reference for regional ecological environment management, rational use of land resources, and sustainable economic development.

[目的]明确秋茄叶表型及叶经济谱对自然潮汐生境的响应特征,以期掌握秋茄在周期性浸淹下的适应机制.[方法]对福州市罗源湾秋茄成熟林满潮线上及线下叶片进行研究,以上层未受淹叶片为对照,测定上、下层叶表型性状,并对各性状间关系及叶经济谱进行分析.[结果]与满潮线上层叶片相比,满潮线下层叶片干质量、叶柄长及叶干物质含量较小(P<0.01),叶形指数较小(P<0.05),比叶面积较大(P<0.01);在叶片气孔特性中,满潮线下层叶片气孔长度、宽度、面积、周长、开度、开口长度、开口面积、开口周长均大于上层,而气孔密度则小于上层(P<0.01);满潮线下层叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率及气孔导度较小,而胞间CO2浓度较大(P<0.01),羧化速率较小(P<0.01),水分利用效率在满潮线上、下层叶片中差别不显著.满潮线上层秋茄叶片气孔特性与光合功能之间相关性比下层高,而满潮线下层叶气孔特性与叶形态性状相关性高于上层.[结论]秋茄满潮线上、下层的叶表型差异明显,下层叶片气孔功能适应性较强,但光合功能受到一定限制.上层叶气孔特性与光合功能具有协同进化表现,而下层叶气孔特性与叶形态性状存在趋同适应.满潮线上、下层秋茄叶为适应自然潮汐生境,存在明显生存策略选择.叶经济谱表现为:满潮线下层叶片总体上向"缓慢投资-收益型"一端偏移,具有较小的叶干物质含量、气孔密度,较低的净光合速率及较大的比叶面积、气孔面积和气孔开度,以适应周期性低光、缺氧的淹水极端环境;上层叶片则向"快速投资-收益型"一端偏移以应对海岸带大风、海浪拍打等特殊生境.

为了明晰福建省千年桐(Vernicia montana Lour.)人工林碳储量的变化规律及碳库分配格局,采用空间代替时间的方式,对南平市林龄2、3、5、7和9a的千年桐人工林乔木层(包括树干、树枝、树叶和树根)、灌木层、草本层、凋落物层及0～ 100 cm土层的碳含量和碳储量及其所占比例进行了比较,并对各林分的总碳储量及分配格局进行了分析.结果 表明:林龄2a的林分中树根碳含量最高(584.63 g· kg-1),树叶碳含量略低;林龄3、5和9a的林分中树干碳含量最高,分别为536.34、406.44和636.95 g· kg-1;林龄7 a的林分中树干、树枝、树叶和树根的碳含量差异较小.并且,林龄2、3和9 a的林分中乔木层碳含量最高,分别为537.68、467.77和529.35 g· kg-1.各土层碳含量的平均值为11.30～21.42 g· kg-1,总体上随林龄增长而升高.各林分的总碳储量为105.60～214.60 t·hm-2,总体上随林龄增长而升高.各林分的植被层碳储量为23.89～85.13 t·hm-2,占总碳储量的17.27％～ 39.67％,其中,乔木层、灌木层、草本层和凋落物层的碳储量分别为21.11～75.78、0.96～2.46、0.27～0.56和1.55～6.33 t·hm-2,分别占总碳储量的14.60％～ 35.31％、0.72％ ～ 1.14％、0.22％ ～0.26％和1.46％ ～2.95％.各林分的土壤碳储量为81.71～129.47 t·hm-2,占总碳储量的60.34％～ 82.74％.随林龄增长,除林龄2a的林分外,其余林龄林分的土壤碳储量占总碳储量的比例降低,而植被层碳储量占总碳储量的比例却升高.综上所述,千年桐人工林碳储量分配比例从大到小依次为土壤、乔木层、凋落物层、灌木层、草本层,且总碳储量总体上随林龄增长而升高.

[目的]通过对杉木-内生真菌共生体进行抗逆性试验,研究低磷胁迫条件下杉木酸性磷酸酶活性的影响,以期筛选出能够缓解杉木低磷胁迫下生长的内生真菌.[方法]通过浇施菌液,接种5株内生真菌NG1、CG5、AJ6、AJ14、AJ13于低磷胁迫下的杉木幼苗(Cunninghamialanceolata).接种15 d后进行低磷胁迫试验,测定植株和土壤的酸性磷酸酶以及植株磷元素含量,分析内生真菌对杉木磷吸收的影响.酸性磷酸酶活性分为叶片酸性磷酸酶活性、根系酸性磷酸酶活性以及土壤酸性磷酸酶活性3个指标进行测定.[结果]叶片酸性磷酸酶活性在不同胁迫梯度不同菌株处理下基本呈先上升后下降的总体趋势.随着胁迫程度的加重,根系酸性磷酸酶活性逐渐下降,不同菌株对提高植株根系酸性磷酸酶活性作用不同.土壤酸性磷酸酶活性测定,接种内生真菌幼苗的根际土壤酸性磷酸酶活性和非根际土壤酸性磷酸酶活性多数上都比相应对照组的活性高.且根际土壤酸性磷酸酶活性在多数情况下比非根际土壤酸性磷酸酶活性要高.最终通过对植株地上部分和地下部分的含磷量的测定来分析,不同菌株对植株磷含量的影响不同.[结论]综合分析,菌株AJ6和CG5等对于促进植株酸性磷酸酶活性和提高植株磷含量具有较好的促进作用.

为明晰自毒胁迫下内生真菌对宿主杉木生理过程的影响,探讨利用内生真菌缓解杉木自毒作用的可能,在课题组前期已获得2株对杉木幼苗有促生作用的内生真菌(CG2柱孢属Cylindlrocarpon sp.、aJ4毛霉属Mucor sp.)基础上,测定不同浓度(0、40、80、120 mg/L)化感物质混合(邻羟基苯甲酸:肉桂酸= 4:1混合液)胁迫下,感染(EI)与未感染(CK)内生真菌的杉木植株在不同胁迫时期(0、30、45、60 d)的生理生化指标,比较分析不同菌株处理(单菌与两者混合菌株Ca)对杉木幼苗的影响.结果表明:内生真菌侵染并未显著提高杉木幼苗叶绿素a、b含量;aJ4、CG2菌株侵染能在一定程度上缓解杉木幼苗化感物质的混合胁迫,在轻度、中度、重度及胁迫中期、后期(0 mg/L 45 d,80 mg/L 45-60 d,120 mg/L 60 d)下有明显的效果,表现在与CK杉木幼苗相比,EI杉木幼苗初始荧光参数(Fo)显著降低,最大光化学效率(F/Fm)及潜在光化学活性(Fv/F.)显著增加;EI杉木幼苗仅能在低浓度及短期内缓解化感物质混合胁迫对杉木植株细胞膜的损害,降低丙二醛(MDA)及相对电导率含量,提升杉木幼苗SOD、POD活性;与CK杉木幼苗相比,El杉木幼苗苗高、地径生长量增加显著.可见,2种内生真菌及其混合菌侵染处理能在一定程度上缓解不同浓度杉木化感物质混合胁迫对杉木幼苗生理及酶活性的损害,提升杉木幼苗抗逆性,但菌株间存在显著差异(P＜0.05),aJ4、CG2菌株侵染效果显著强于Ca菌株(P＜0.05),表明混合菌株之间可能存在拮抗作用;本研究可为筛选优势菌株和深入理解逆境下内生真菌与杉木的共生机制提供数据基础,同时也为缓解杉木连栽障碍,促进杉木人工林可持续经营提供新思路.

本研究采用调查问卷的方式,基于学生视角,了解了以"换位对话"为主的互动式教学模式在福建农林大学《生态工程学》课程课堂讨论教学中的应用情况.结果显示:该教学模式应用效果满意度占到总调查人数的92.4％,与传统教学模式相比,能在平等交流的基础上调动学生自主学习积极性,使师生双方主观能动性得到充分发挥,实现有效课堂教学;但同时也反映出教师的课堂驾驭能力、学生参与的主动性、以及课堂讨论质量等方面存在一定欠缺,需要有进一步提升空间.

The optimization of regional land use structures and functions and the sustainable use of the ecological environment are very important in the process of urbanization. In this study, based on the Landsat 7+ETM images of Nanping City from 2015, the object-oriented land use classification method was used to calculate the value of ecosystem services in Nanping City and various counties (districts).The spatial distribution characteristics between the levels of population urbanization, spatial urbanization, economic urbanization, and living urbanization and the value of ecosystem services were quantitatively analyzed by utilizing spatial measurement methods. The impact of the levels of four types of urbanization on the spatial distribution of ecosystem services values was explored using the bivariate spatial autocorrelation method. The results showed that there was a significant negative spatial correlation between population urbanization and the total value of ecosystem services. Specifically, the negative correlation between population urbanization and food production services was the most significant. Additionally, there was a certain positive correlation between economic urbanization and waste disposal services. Further, the bivariate LISA figures between different urbanization levels and the values of ecosystem services showed that a high urbanization-low ecosystem services value (High-Low) appeared in Jian’ou and Shaowu, while the regions of Guangze and Shunchang reflected a low urbanization-high ecosystem services value (Low-High).The findings of this study can provide information for decision-making regarding the sensible use of regional land resources and the improvement of ecological and environmental quality.

选取福建省北部8年林龄的杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)纯林、千年桐(Aleurites montana)纯林及杉木-千年桐混交林(杉桐混交林),通过测定土壤pH值、根际及非根际土壤交换性铝、单聚体羟基铝、酸溶无机铝、腐殖酸铝含量,探讨不同林分根际与非根际土壤活性铝形态分布特征.研究结果表明:(1)3种林分土壤pH值在3.76-4.33之间,杉桐混交林土壤pH值显著高于两种纯林.(2)3种林分中,杉桐混交林的交换性铝含量显著高于杉木纯林,酸溶无机铝含量显著低于杉木和千年桐纯林,根际土单聚体羟基铝含量与两种纯林无显著差异.(3)同种林分间,千年桐纯林、杉桐混交林的根际土交换性铝及单聚体羟基铝含量均显著低于非根际土,杉木纯林根际土4种活性铝含量与非根际土均无显著差异.(4)不同土壤的交换性铝和单聚体羟基铝总量占活性铝总量的6.09％-16.17％,交换性铝含量与土壤pH值均呈现显著负相关(P＜0.05).综上,相较两种纯林,杉桐混交林能显著降低土壤酸度及酸溶无机铝含量,对交换性铝含量有一定的提升作用,但并未显著影响土壤中单聚体羟基铝及腐殖酸铝含量;结果可为闽北酸性红壤区人工林经营管理、土壤铝毒害防治及生态环境恢复提供理论依据.