Blended amines have attracted considerable research interest due to their potential for high CO2 capture efficiency. This study systematically investigates blended alcoholamine solutions containing alkylated-secondary and tertiary amine structures for CO2 capture. The experimental results indicate that a higher degree of alkylation in secondary amines, attributed to the electron-donating effect, correlates with enhanced absorption capacity. Additionally, an increased alkylation degree in secondary amines, due to steric hindrance, improves CO2 desorption while reducing the absorption rate. Particularly, N-ethylethanolamine (EAE) exhibits superior capture performance, owing to the synergistic effects of the electron-donating and steric hindrance properties of the ethyl group. The blended amine system composed of EAE and 3-(diethylamino)-1-propanol (3DEA1P) demonstrates exceptional capture efficiency and low regeneration energy requirements (2.11 GJ & sdot;t-1 CO2). This work provides critical insights for developing high-efficiency, low-energy blended amine systems for CO2 capture.

PurposeA microemulsion cutting fluid represents an extremely effective material for the processing of metals. However, the stability and lubricity of microemulsion cutting fluids are constrained by conventional functional additives. The purpose of this study is to formulate a novel microemulsion cutting fluid.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, an innovative microemulsion cutting fluid was developed through the interfacial complex generation method. The coefficient of friction of the cutting fluid was evaluated using a four-ball friction tester and reciprocating ball-on-disk tribometer.FindingsThe findings show that the novel microemulsion cutting fluid exhibited a stable micro emulsification state and formed a nanoscale oil-in-water structure. Concurrently, the adsorption film formed during the sliding process can effectively mitigate wear over an extended duration, thus attaining superior lubricating efficacy.Originality/valueThe recently developed microemulsion cutting fluid displays notable stability and lubricity, suggesting promising avenues for the advancement of high-performance microemulsion cutting fluids in future metal processing applications.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-06-2025-0301/

To address friction and wear issues in machining AISI 1045 steel, a novel oil-in-water microemulsion cutting fluid was developed using white oil, water, and eco-friendly additives (tricarboxylic acid and tall oil fatty acid amide). Tribological and lathe cutting experiments systematically evaluated its lubrication performance. The results show that the cutting fluid has a uniform and stable oil-in-water microemulsion structure, which is capable of forming a stable lubrication film. The dilution concentration had a significant effect on the lubricating properties of the cutting fluids, with the optimal lubrication achieved at the concentration of 10 wt%. At this concentration, more multilayer chemical lubrication films with low shear stress are formed. The load has the least impact on the friction coefficient, indicating that the cutting fluid can maintain stable lubrication even under high-pressure conditions. In practical machining, the cutting force is mainly affected by the feed rate and back engagement, while the surface roughness is mainly affected by the back engagement. This study provides a new option for reducing frictional wear during the machining of AISI 1045.

Photocatalysis is primarily initiated with ultraviolet/blue light, which has several drawbacks, namely, deficiencies in reaction efficiency, and scalability. Designing catalysts that can absorb low‐energy light offers a promising solution aiming at these drawbacks. In this study, we showed atomically precise gold nanoclusters serve as deep‐red‐absorbing photocatalysts towards Povarov‐type reactions driven by laser or LED irradiation, giving rise to complex tricyclic N‐heterocyclic compounds derived from bioactive molecules. Mechanistic studies revealed that the Au 15 cluster demonstrates two‐photon absorption when excited by a 700 nm laser, while maintaining a single‐photon excitation process under red LED irradiation. Furthermore, the versatility and broad applicability of the Au 15 photocatalyst were underscored through batch‐scalable photoreactions and various other deep‐red light‐induced reactions. Overall, the combination of nonlinear optics and photocatalysis of metal nanoclusters provides a new avenue for deep‐red photocatalysis with continuous and scalable capabilities.

2D materials have been used as lubricating materials. However, in-situ studies of the tribological mechanisms at the atomic-scale are still insufficient. In this work, the effects of rotation angle, temperature, and velocity on the tribological behaviors of black phosphorus/graphene heterostructures were investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that the change in a commensurate to an incommensurate contact state results in order-of-magnitude reduction in the coefficient of friction. Heterostructures exhibit a better Von Mises stress improvement. The change in energy barriers and potential energy surfaces shows a positive correlation with the change in the coefficient of friction. A detailed understanding of the friction process provides new ideas for the study of tribological behaviors of 2D materials.

Titanium alloys have been widely used as friction materials. However, the tribological mechanisms still lack profound insight into the friction process at the atomic scale. In this work, the effects of tribological conditions, surface roughness, and two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials on the tribological behaviors of titanium alloys were investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. The findings of this study indicate that the indentation depth had the greatest effect on the friction force and number of worn atoms. Specific roughness parameters had the least friction force and number of worn atoms. 2D nanomaterials could greatly reduce the friction force, and the interlayer sliding phenomenon existed at a rotation angle of 90°. A detailed microscopic understanding of the friction process provides new ideas for tribological behavior study of titanium alloys.

The incorporation of reinforcements can improve the tribological properties of polymer coating, thereby extending the service life and reliability of the friction pairs in aerospace hydraulic pumps. We investigated the effect of graphite incorporation on the tribological properties of polytetrafluoroethylene/polyetheretherketone (PTFE/PEEK) composite coating applied to a copper-steel bimetallic substrate in low viscosity media. The wear mechanism transitions from adhesive wear to fatigue wear with increasing graphite content. Graphite/PTFE/ PEEK coating containing 14 wt% graphite exhibits satisfactory friction-reduction and wear resistance. Compared with the pure PTFE/PEEK coating, the COF is reduced by 34.5%, the bearing capacity is increased by 59.9%, and the wear rate is reduced by 56.7%. This work provides an effective approach to developing polymer-based coatings for practical aerospace applications.

In order to improve antiwear properties of the cutting tool for titanium alloy, the temperature-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)-graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites were developed in this work. The tribological properties of the titanium alloy/cemented carbide contact lubricated with the PNIPAM-GO nanocomposites were investigated. The results show that the PNIPAM-GO nanocomposites have stable dispersive and controllable lubricating performance. The wear of the titanium alloy decreased and the adhesive behavior was improved with the increase of GO in the nanocomposites. The tribological performances are attributed to both the controllable release of GO sheets from the nanocomposites and the formation of a protective tribofilm. A mechanical mixing submechanism counts for the decrease of friction and wear of titanium alloy/cemented carbide contact lubricated by the nanocomposites.

To improve tribological performances of the tribopairs of hydraulic pump, a kind of new iron-based self-lubricating composite was made and tested on an end-face tribometers under oil lubrication conditions in this work. The results show that the worn surface has shallow furrows and slight wear at different speeds, and the wear type mainly attributes to oxidation wear. When the speed reaches 0.8 m/s, the wear volume of the lower friction pair reaches the maximum 0.289 mm3. This can be due to the fact that the wear debris destroys the lubricating film since the content of mechanical impurities in the lubricant reaches the maximum at this speed. The chemical components characterization of the lubricant shows that the functional groups in lubricating oil after sliding have not changed significantly, but the concentration of the chemicals decreases. This confirms that the lubricating oil with lubrication additives can form tribofilm through chemical reaction during boundary lubrication sliding process to achieve superior antifriction and antiwear effect. While in 1.0 m/s speed, the thicker adsorbed oil film was formed on the sliding interfaces of the iron-based self-lubricating composite, playing an excellent lubrication role.

In this study, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) based composite coatings reinforced with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were applied to copper steel bimetallic plates. The impact of process parameters on the tribological properties of the coatings was thoroughly investigated. The results indicated that the optimized PTFE/PEEK2.2 coating exhibited commendable friction reduction and wear resistance performance when subjected to aviation kerosene lubrication. It was observed that the hot-pressing temperature has the most significant influence on the bearing capacity and wear rate of the coatings. In contrast, the hot-pressing pressure primarily affects the average friction coefficient. The primary wear mechanism observed in these coatings is adhesive wear. These findings suggest promising application prospects for the composite coatings in aviation hydraulic pumps, underscoring their potential to significantly improve overall performance.

To develop superior piston pump friction pair materials in harsh working conditions, the tribological properties of two novel copper-based composites, C93800 copper alloy casting material and 10-10 powder metallurgy copper steel bimetallic plate, as tribo-pairs of a piston pump were evaluated on an end-face tribometer. Their tribological behavior and extreme pressure x velocity (PV) values (PV value is an important indicator that reflects the performance of sliding bearings and is the product of the unit bearing load and the restricted linear speed) were analyzed. The results show that both the two copper-based composites had excellent antifriction and antiwear performances. The 10-10 powder metallurgy copper steel bimetallic plate shows better wear resistance and superior tribological performance due to its higher hardness. However, its extreme PV value is lower than the C93800 copper alloy casting material, since the latter can play a buffer during the loading process. In addition, the extreme PV value of the C93800 copper alloy casting material amounted to 40 MPa center dot m/s, showing promising potential for industrial application.

In this work, the tribological properties of a novel iron-based self-lubricating composite as the tribopairs of a plunger pump were systematically studied on an end-face tribometer, and the tribological mechanism was also revealed. The results show that the wear mechanism of the composite can be ascribed to adhesive wear when the sliding speed is lower than 1.5 m/s. As the sliding speed increases from 1.5 to 2.0 m/s, the wear type transforms to oxidative wear due to the increase of tribo-oxidation. In addition, the failure criteria of the tribopair composite materials are summarised. When the average coefficient of friction is greater than 0.04, or the wear rate is greater than 9.66 mu m(3)/(N m), the tribopair fails. This offers a valuable reference for industrial application of the tribopairs made from the iron-based self-lubricating composite.

In this investigation, the surface tribological behavior of YG8/TC4 contacts under microgel lubrication was explored, utilizing thermal- and pH-sensitive PNIPAM-co-PAA-(IF-MoS2/GO) composite microgels as lubricant additives. Through the application of a ball-on-disk reciprocating tribometer, the study demonstrated the outstanding lubrication capabilities of the composite microgels. The lubrication process involving PNIPAM-coPAA-(IF-MoS2/GO) composite microgels initiated a tribo-chemical reaction, leading to the generation of a larger quantity of TiS2 with exceptional lubricating properties on the friction surface compared to alternative lubrication conditions. The effective isolation of the friction pair by PNIPAM-co-PAA composite microgels contributed to the reduction in tribo-oxidation of the sliding surfaces , while the presence of IF-MoS2 facilitated the formation of TiS2. Furthermore, the facile sliding property of GO nanosheets played a crucial role in achieving overall excellent lubrication performance. The synergistic effects arising from the components in PNIPAM-co-PAA-(IFMoS2/GO) composite microgels introduce a novel and effective strategy for controlling the friction and wear of YG8/TC4 contacts.

Nickel-phosphorus/black phosphorus (Ni-P/BP) coatings were deposited on ordinary carbon structural steel (Q235 steel) by electroless plating. The tribological behavior of the Ni-P/BP coatings and traditional nickel-phosphorus (Ni-P) coating was studied comparatively on a reciprocating tribometer. The Ni-P/BP coatings exhibited good tribological performances in the water environment. Compared with traditional Ni-P coating, the friction coefficient of Ni-P/BP20 coating in deionized water and Ni-P/BP30 coating in 3.5 wt% sodium chloride decreased by 31% and 30% at 4 N, respectively. The major wear mechanism of Ni-P/BP coatings was ascribed to slight abrasive wear. This was mainly due to the combination of the higher hardness of coatings, the interlayer slip of adsorbed black phosphorus nanosheets, and the development of oxide tribofilm at the sliding interfaces.

In recent years, considerable investigations have been focused on graphene/molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanocomposites due to their excellent lubrication performances. However, the poor dispersive stability limits their massive applications. This paper summarizes the preparation and dispersive behavior of graphene/MoS2 nanocomposites and discusses their tribological properties and the lubrication mechanisms. In addition, the challenges of the dispersibility and lubrication properties of graphene/MoS2 nanocomposites are also discussed. It has proved that the modified graphene/MoS2 nanocomposites present promising prospect in tribological applications.

为了提高"化工原理实验"课程的教学效果,将以"雨课堂"为代表的智慧教学工具用于"化工原理实验"信息化改革实践,使实验教学过程多样化、信息化.总结了"雨课堂"在"化工原理实验"课程的预习、原理讲授、现场操作教学和成绩评价等环节中的实践经验.结果表明,采用"雨课堂"助力"化工原理实验"信息化改革,增强了学生学习的积极性和主动性,提高了教师指导实验课程的效率,为智慧教学工具在化工类工程型实验课程信息化改革的应用提供了新的思路.

Abstract In order to improve separating aromatic/aliphatic group in adhesives or solvents of food packaging materials by pervaporation, an across linked graphene oxide (GO) framework were incorporated into waterborne polyurethane (WPU) membrane. The improved benzene solubility and expanded interlayer pathway of modified membrane have been gained based on three different reduced graphene oxide. Compared to P-phenylenediamine (PPD) and ethane-diamine (EDA) reducing agents, O-phenylenediamine (OPD) showed a relatively mild reducing ability and allowed GO to form a layer-to-layer lamella in the WPU matrix easily. When the dose of GO-OPD was 0.03%, the flux of GO-OPD/WPU membrane was 1.58 times of neat WPU or GO/WPU membranes, while the separation factor was slightly improved. The GO-OPD /WPU membrane also maintained good stability in the continuous pervaporation process of 2700 min.

建立超高效液相色谱法(UPLC)同时测定苦参功劳颗粒中苦参碱和盐酸小檗碱含量的方法.采用Acquity BEH C18(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱,以甲醇-0.02 mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液(用磷酸调节pH值至3.0)为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为0.2 mL/min,柱温为30℃,检测波长为214 nm.苦参碱和盐酸小檗碱分别在12.04～48.17μg/mL、13.18～52.71μg/mL浓度范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r)分别为1.0000、0.9999;准确度考察中苦参碱和盐酸小檗碱平均加样回收率分别为99.6％(RSD=1.0％,n=6)、98.9％(RSD=1.0％,n=6).该方法具有良好的专属性、精密度及准确度,且操作简便、环境友好,可用于苦参功劳颗粒的质量控制.

Pervaporation desalination by highly hydrophilic materials such as poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)based sep-aration membrane is a burgeoning technology of late years.However,the improvement of membrane flux in pervaporation desalination has been a difficult task.Here,a novel hybrid membrane with doped graphene oxide quantum dots(GOQDs)which is rich in hydrophilic groups and small size into the matrix of PVA was prepared to improve the membrane flux.The membranes structures were described by field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),atomic force microscopy(AFM),Fourier transform infra-red(FT-IR),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and X-ray diffrac-tion(XRD).And more,Water contact angle,swelling degree,and pervaporation properties were carried out to explore the effect of GOQDs in PVA matrix.In addition,GOQDs content in the hybrid membrane,NaCl concentration,and feed temperature were investigated accordingly.Moreover,the hydrogen bonds between PVA chains were weakened by the interaction between GOQDs and PVA chains.Significantly,the hybrid membrane with optimized doped GOQDs content,200 mg·L-1,displays a high membrane flux of 17.09 kg·m-2·h-1 and the salt rejection is consistently greater than 99.6％.

Abstract Electroless nickel (EN) coatings have attract much attention due to their ability to provide a corrosion-resistant hard surface. However, the technological advancement demands the development of reinforced coatings with improved tribological performances. In this work, electroless nickel/black phosphorus nanosheets (EN-BP) coatings were prepared by an electroless plating method to provide friction-reducing and antiwear properties for a Q235 carbon steel. The influences of the concentration of black phosphorus and testing conditions on the tribological performances of the coatings were investigated. The results showed that the hardness of the EN-BP coating increased by 48.98% with the introduction of 0.01 g/L BP nanosheets in the plating solution, and the coefficient of friction reduced by 44.5% in pH 8 NaHCO3 solution, respectively, compared with those in pure water. The friction reduction and antiwear mechanism was ascribed to the action roles of the interlayer shear of BP nanosheets and protective lubrication films composed of NiO, Ni(OH)2, SiO2, and PxOy generated on the sliding coating surfaces. The excellent tribological properties of the EN-BP coatings show their promising application prospects in marine industry.