目的 分析足月妊娠临产胎儿窘迫分别通过阴道助产和剖宫产分娩的效果.方法 120例足月妊娠临产胎儿窘迫产妇,以随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,各60例.对照组进行阴道助产,观察组进行剖宫产.比较两组并发症发生率、窒息评分、胎儿窘迫原因.结果 观察组的并发症发生率为6.7％(4/60),低于对照组的31.7％(19/60),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).观察组窒息评分≥8分占比63.33％(38/60)、4～7分占比33.33％(20/60)高于对照组的43.33％(26/60)、15.00％(9/60),0～3分占比3.33％(2/60)低于对照组的41.67％(25/60),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).观察组脐带缠绕、胎膜早破占比分别为11.7％、15.0％,低于对照组的28.3％、31.7％;羊水粪染、过期妊娠占比分别为31.7％、31.7％,高于对照组的15.0％、13.3％,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 对于足月妊娠临产胎儿窘迫产妇来说,通过剖宫产分娩可以有效降低并发症发生率,改善新生儿窒息情况,应用价值较高,值得推广.

目的 将两癌筛查应用在宫颈癌筛查中,对筛查结果进行研究分析.方法 抽取本次研究病例的周期为2018年6月至2019年6月期间,一共选取了5660名女性作为研究目标,通过两癌筛查,筛查方法包括:宫颈细胞学检查、阴道镜检查、病理检查,统计宫颈病变类型患者的数量,对其进行随访.结果 通过宫颈细胞学检查,发现异常患者共有143例(2.53％),通过阴道镜检查,发现异常患者有56例(0.98％),通过组织病理学检查,发现异常的患者有31例(0.55％).通过检查:发现生殖道感染患者共有769例(13.59％),发现滴虫性阴道炎的患者共有23例(2.99％),发现外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的患者共有71例(9.23％),发现细菌性阴道病的患者共有306例(39.79％),发现黏液脓性宫颈炎的患者共有61例(7.93％),发现宫颈息肉的患者共有146例(18.99％),其他生殖道感染的患者共有162例(21.07％).生殖系统良性疾病共有378例(6.68％),子宫肌瘤患者共有269例(71.16％),其他良性疾病患者共有109例(28.84％).结论 宫颈癌筛查中,通过两癌筛查,可以有效发现宫颈癌变和宫颈癌,及时采取有效的、针对性治疗,保证患者的生活质量.

目的 掌握重庆市南岸区孕产妇死亡情况,以制订切实可行的预防措施.方法 分析重庆市南岸区2000-2014年孕产妇死亡监测资料.结果 孕产妇死亡率由2000年的115.30/100000下降到2014年的12.06/100000,首位死因是产科出血.经原因分析及鉴定评审,有77.0％ 是可以完全避免的死亡,7.7％ 是创造条件后可以避免的,15.3％ 是不可避免的死亡.死亡孕产妇文化程度 、家庭收入偏低.结论 加强产科质量和建立完善的产科急救体系是降低重庆市南岸区孕产妇死亡率的有效措施.

Objective To learn the status and influencing factors of injury in 3～6 years old children of Chongqing city,and explore relationship between risk factors and injury among children.Methods In stratified sampling method,1 773 preschool children from 5 counties in Chongqing city were selected.Questionnaire was used to assess the children's injury active and risk factors.Results Survey of 1 773 children,the total incidence of injury was 28.54％.There were significant differences between boys and girls,the urban children and rural children.The rate of failing was the highest(57.31 ％)injury,the second was stab/stung/cut(9.68％),burn/ scald(8.70 ％),respectively.56.45 ％ of the children were injured because of the accident.64.50％ of the children were injuried at home.Head and face were the most easily injured parts of the body.45.56％ of the children went to the clinic after injurying.46.57 % of parents believed that children had no obvious injury.The disability performance and the injuried end,no influence were 90.54％ and 77.68％,respectively.The univariate analysis showed that the risk factors affecting the injury of children were father working outside,the number of children in the family,the time of taking care of children of father,grandparents and maternal grandparents and children injury.Conclusions Preschool children's accidental injury occurres at home,father play an important role in the prevention of injury to the children.According to the characteristics of injury of preschool children,there is more positive significance to prevent injury in family.

目的通过对南岸区农村妇女宫颈癌与乳腺癌筛查结果分析,了解该地区两癌及妇科疾病现况,为今后疾病防治决策提供科学依据。方法对南岸区各镇的35~64岁农村妇女进行妇科及宫颈细胞学检查,同时对鸡冠石镇妇女进行乳腺癌筛查,并记录个人基本情况与检查结果。结果本次宫颈癌筛查26 794例,检出宫颈癌5例,检出率为18.66/10万;乳腺癌筛查2 545例,检出乳腺癌4例,检出率为157.17/10万。妇科疾病患病率为22.35%,其中阴道炎、宫颈炎分列前两位。乳腺疾病以乳腺增生为主,所占比例为53.56%。结论适龄妇女健康状况不容忽视,应进一步加大宣传力度,提高妇女对两癌防治知识的知晓率,并定期开展两癌筛查,早期发现并治疗,提高妇女健康水平。

新生儿疾病筛查是贯彻实施<母婴保健法>、提高人口素质、减少残疾儿发生的一项重要措施.重庆市于1996年10月成立了新生儿疾病筛查中心,经过试点后逐步在全市开展了新生儿疾病筛查工作,建立并完善了筛查网络,通过努力和不断的强化管理,使筛查工作取得一定成效,为提高重庆市人口素质起到了积极作用.

目的:了解重庆市剖宫产的发生率,探讨与较高剖宫产率有关的影响因素,为有关部门制定有效的干预措施提供科学依据。方法:采用整群抽样方法抽取重庆市某区13家医院。对这13家医院住院分娩产妇以及儿保门诊就诊的小于1周岁儿童的母亲进行问卷调查,同时对这13家医院的妇产科医生进行访谈。结果:共调查514例已产妇女和24名医生,目前重庆市剖宫产率为61.3%。较高的剖宫产率不仅与医学指征有关,而且和某些人口学特征(如学历、职业、受教育程度、收入、居住地等)、一些生理因素和孕产妇对剖宫产的认识密切相关。结论:普及妊娠分娩知识,正确认识剖宫产的利弊,严格掌握剖宫产指征,有望降低剖宫产率。

Objective To understand the status grasping the labor knowledge by pregnant wemen and their husbands,to provide the bases for implementing the prelabor health education,to make them choose smooth child- birth rationally,to protect them away the risk in delivery and to reduce the influence of social factors in rising caesar- ean section.Methods A district of Chongqing was extracted as study area by radom cluster sampling mothed.599 pregnant women and 242 husbands were selected from June,2006 to August,2006 in 13 hospitals on this district. Self administrated questionnaire was used to investigate the knowledge related delivery and childbirth way,sources of the knowledge and their liking knowledge.Results 283 pregnant women had attended the study of prenatal educa- tion,316 pregnant women had not attended.107 husbands accompanied their wives to attend the study,127 had not.Conclusion The construction of pregnant women school and the propaganda and prenatal education on the knowledge of childbirth way for pregnant women and their husbands should be strengthened in order to raise the ca- pability of self health care and reduce the ratio of caesarean section.