利用区域自动站观测资料、MICAPS数据、卫星云图及双偏振雷达等多源气象观测数据,对2021年8月16日和9月6日浙中两次短时暴雨过程的中尺度特征进行分析对比.结果表明:两次短时暴雨均为发生在副热带高压控制背景下的准正压型强对流天气,其触发系统为流场强迫的地面中尺度辐合中心/辐合线;从10 min雨量随时间表现可见,前者为持续时间约为0.5 h的类双峰型分布,后者则呈单峰型分布;两者都是受维持时间为2～3 h的中尺度对流云团影响,前者由多个中γ尺度对流云团先后影响造成,前后两个强降水时段的中尺度对流系统结构不同,后者是由单个中γ尺度对流云团引起,强降水时段与云顶黑体亮度温度(TBB)的低值区对应,呈现出低质心降水,降水效率高.

天气的变化与日常老百姓的经济、社会活动有着密切的关系,天气预报的信息是当前市民最关注的信息之一。经课题组的民调结果表明,目前仍有80%以上的公众是通过收看电视天气预报节目来了解天气预报信息的,所以做好电视天气预报节目,是气象为民生服务的重要方式。气象影视文稿的质量是节目制作的关键环节和基础。分析研究表明,气象影视编稿者的素养、技能是基础;气象影视文稿内容的专业严谨、新闻可读、生活实用等的综合要求是关键;技巧运用,经验发挥等则能锦上添花。

为了进一步提升96121的服务能力,以金华市本级2003—2007年5年内的96121拨打量为基础,通过分析不同信箱、不同时段、不同季节的96121拨打特点以及不同天气条件下拨打量的变化特征,了解市民对气象预报关注的时间和关注的天气类型,进而找出影响96121拨打率的因素。依据分析结论,为96121的产品开发和市场开拓提出合理化建议,使96121产生更大的经济济效益和社会效益。

Based on NCEP reanalysis data,the characteristics of weather situation and moisture transfer over the lower-middle reaches of Yangtze River during January to February of 2008 are studied.The results show that the circulation abnormal of middle-high latitude,hot and cool air mixed,maintenance of the shear line on lower ╞middle levels of tro-posphere and the beneficial temperature stratification were the requirement.Based on this,the reaches show it was relat-ed to the exceptionally intense moisture transfer in the southern area of China;the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the South China Sea are the two main channels of the moisture from the Bay of Bangle that finally enter the lower-middle reaches of Yangtze River.After calculating the water-vapour budget,it is also found that the channels of the moisture transfer vary with the altitude obviously,which is different from the one in Meiyu Period,and the water-vapour flows mainly from west boundary into the area and the water-vapour convergence occurrs above the layer 850 hPa.The Bay of Bangle is an important moisture source above the layer of 850hPa while the South China Sea is the one that blow the layer.

The Z index is widely used in flood statistics.Taking into account the temporal and spatial characteristics of flood disasters in small drainage areas,the 10-day continuous rainfall proved to be more realistic and reasonable for calculating Z index.Through determining the flood disaster index of a single station and then compared with the traditional index,it is found that the new method can make up the deficiencies of the traditional one and describe the strength and starting and ending times of flood disasters.The flood disaster index computed by means of uhe new method can well fit the historical flood disaster cases over small drainage areas