目的：探讨艾滋病高危人群中传染性疾病检测情况。方法选取我实验室在2013年9月~2015年6月接受咨询检测的56例艾滋病高危人群,回顾分析患者的临床资料,所有患者均例行HBV、HIV、TP、HCV四种传染病原体检测,通过明胶颗粒凝集实验、酶联免疫吸附实验以及胶体金实验,检测患者血清的病原体的相应抗体,并选取52例健康者作为对照。结果经过检测, HBV感染6例,阳性率为10.71%,HIV检测为5例,阳性率为8.93%,TP感染4例,阳性率为7.14%,HCV感染7例,阳性率为12.5%。高危人群传染性疾病检测率明显高于对照组,差异显著,有统计学意义(<0.05)。结论在艾滋病高危人群中,HBV、HIV、TP、HCV病毒感染均有较高的感染率,需要加强高度重视。

The construction of city development and people's life,water plays an important role,but the water quality of secondary water supply could be serious impact to people's life and health. This article mainly civil second this paper discusses the significance and the method of water quality monitoring system,in the concrete process,this paper first analysis the present situation and existing problems of civil secondary water supply,the second is civil paper expounds the significance of secondary water supply monitoring,finaly to civil secondary water supply monitoring the commonly used methods are analyzed in focus.

目的 调查一起原因不明的食源性疾患,并对其进行综合分析.方法 对我市某饭店一起疑似食物中毒事件进行流行病学调查,对该饭店进行了卫生专项检查,并对卫生许可证、健康证、卫生管理、卫生设施、食(饮)具消毒等方面进行了重点检查,并在现场采集了该饭店购进的蔬菜.统计患者的临床表现并进行数据分析,对投诉样品等可疑中毒食物进行分析,并对食物样品进行实验室检验,根据分析结果和检验结果对此次事件进行定性.结果 进食酱牛肉或者熏鱼宾客的罹患率远远高于没有进食酱牛肉或者熏鱼的宾客;微生物检验中没有检出致病菌;血清凝集试验检出普通变形杆菌在快速增殖.结论 根据患者各方面情况的综合分析,将这起疑似食物中毒事件定性为一起原因不明的食源性疾患.建议相关的监管部门加强对食品的安全监管,提高餐饮单位从业人员的卫生安全意识,从而保障食品安全.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the correlation between Shigella flexneri multi-drug resistance and drug resistance gene cassette of integrons.METHOD:All 79 strains of Shigella flexneri were isolated from the feces of children ranged in age from 6 months to 14 years in some hospitals of Jinan, between May 2009 and April 2012.The resistance was detected by Kirby Bauer agar diffusion method, 1, 2 and 3 integron gene was amplified by PCR, the variable region of positive strains treated with enzyme digestion and determined by Series Analysis.RESULT:Among 79 Shigella flexneri strains, the resistance rate was 91% (72/79) to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, streptomycin, 70% (55/79) to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, 30% (24/79), 23% (18/79), 33% (26/79) and 32% (25/79) to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin.All 79 strains were susceptible to cefoxitin, imipenem, cefoperazone/sulbactam. The common drug resistance pattern is ampicillin tetracycline-chloramphenicol-streptomycin, accounted for 91% (72/79); 91% (72/79) strains carried integrons of class 1, 86% (68/79) strains carried integrons of class 2, No intI3 was detected. The resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol of atypical class 1 integron positive strains was significantly higher than the negative strains (χ² = 35.96, P<0.01). The sequencing results:dfrV was detected in class 1 integron variable regions of 9 strains, dfrA17-aadA5 in 2 strains, blaOXA-30-aadA1 in 70 strains, 2 strains were not detected resistance gene cassette, all resistance gene cassettes were dfrA1-sat1-aadA1 in class 2 integron variable regions.CONCLUSION:The muti-drug resistance of Shigella flexneri in Jinan was closely associated with integrons.

Objective To evaluate the effect of AIDS intervention among high school students by educational activities organized by student social club.Methods 2000high school students were randomly selected prior to and after the intervention to complete the anonymous questionnaire survey.SPSS 18.0software was used for data analysis.Results The awareness rate of students increased from 64.2% to 92.2% after the intervention,the difference was statistically significant(χ2=229.94,P<0.01).Meanwhile,much less discrimination to AIDS patients was found after the intervention among students who became more understandable and tolerant to AIDS patients.Conclusions AIDS educational activities organized by student social club are effective to teach high school students about the knowledge of HIV/AIDS and help them not discriminating AIDS patients.

Objective To understand human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection situation among unpaid blood donors in Jinan City,in order to strengthen the blood management and provide evidence for decision-making.Method The blood donation data from 2006 to 2011 were collected and analyzed.Results A total of 632 409 blood specimens collected from unpaid blood donors were tested for HIV antibody.HIV positive rate was 0.089 per thousand in the tested specimens,and the HIV positive rate was 0.007%(4/58 283),0.002%(2/91 512),0.004%(4/106 058),0.008%(10/122 041),0.012/%(15/120 547) and 0.015%(21/133 968) in the respective years between 2006 and 2011;homosexual transmission accounted for 58.9%(33/56),males accounted for 96.4%(54/56),the age group of 20 to 29 years was 71.4%(40/56),and unmarried persons accounted for 60.7%(34/56).And the difference between routes of transmission,age groups and genders had statistical significance(P0.05).Conclusion The anti-HIV positive rate among unpaid blood donors in Jinan increases year by year,and the infection mainly occurrs via homosexual behaviors.AIDS prevention and control should be strengthened among unmarried young men.

2003年10月18日14:00济南市市中区卫生防疫站接济南市中医院报告,某药店4名员工午餐时发生食物中毒.经对患者个案和现场流行病学调查、结合临床表现、实验室检验结果综合分析,确认是1起误食亚硝酸盐引起的急性食物中毒.

1材料与方法 1.1材料 检测样品来自本区的各生产企业、销售商店等,共抽检食品1 972件,其中肉制品类210件,糕点类198件,豆制品类124件,乳制品类77件,调味品175件,酱腌菜104件,小食品287件,保健品38件,冷饮336件,发酵酒35件,矿泉水78件,纯净水68件,饮料129件,糖果类41件,其他72件.