本文旨在评估出重庆湿地生态系统服务功能的价值,为重庆湿地生态系统的管理、服务功能评价和生态补偿提供科学依据.通过蓄水调节、净化水质、大气调节、生物多样性保护、休闲游憩、教育科研等6个方面8个指标作为湿地生态系统服务评价指标体系.经评估,2013年重庆市湿地生态效益481.34亿元,占重庆市GDP总量的3.80％.蓄水调节价值为263.99亿元,净化水质价值53.90亿元,大气调节38.51亿元,生物多样性保护价值为4.58亿元,休闲游憩价值为109.25亿元,教育科研价值为11.11亿元.

With AIC1000 portable air anions tester, the air anion concentration of six main forest types had been measured in 41 monitoring plots of Chongqing in 2012.All forest types significantly can improve air anion content (P<0.01).The order of content is mixed conifer forest>deciduous broad-leaved forest>evergreen broad-leaved forest>coniferous forest>bamboo forest>mixed conifer-broadleaved forest>CK(Jiefangbei Business District).For evergreen broad-leaved forest and mixed conifer forest, the air anions content in sunny day is higher than that in cloudy day and rain day (P<0.01), but it is in contrast for deciduous broad-leaved forest, and the weather conditions has not a significant effect on air anions content of other forest types (P>0.05).Air anions of every forest types presents an obviously seasonal variation (P<0.01).The air anions content is the most in spring for mixed conifer-broadleaved forest, evergreen broad-leaved forest and mixed conifer forest, but it is the most in autumn for deciduous broad-leaved forest.Except bamboo forest and mixed conifer forest, air anions of other forest types are the least in winter.The air anions content mainly located in the grade of V level ( 400-1 000 air anions/cm-3 ) in the monitoring spots, and the air quality of Simian Mountains Nature Reserve is the best in all monitoring spots.

Using the methods of field investigation and laboratory analysis,anti-erodibility of soil with different vegetation restoration difficulty grades in Guizhou dolostone area were researched.The results showed that the bulk density of soils increased while the porosity decreased with the increasing of vegetation restoration difficulty grades.The content of soil organic matter was the highest in middle restoration difficulty grades soils and lowest in high restoration difficulty grades soils.Besides,the content of water stability aggregates and the condensation degree decreased while the dispersion coefficient of soils increased with the increasing of restoration difficulty grades.Above all,soil anti-erodibility decreased when the restoration difficulty grade increased.

Using methods of field investigation and laboratory simulation test to study the soil anti-scouribility of different types of vegetation in dolostone desertification area in middle Guizhou.The results showed that with the vegetation restored from grass to forest,soil physical properties were improved;the soil reinforcement of roots can enhance soil anti-scouribility;the order of surface runoff amount was forestshrubgrass slope;the variation rule of soil erosion modulus also was forestshrubgrass slope.The block effect of forest litter to runoff was obvious when gradient was 5° and not obvious when gradient was 15° or more.When gradient was the same,the net delay time of forestry litter block runoff gradually increased with increasing thickness of forestry litter.Therefore,soil anti-scouribility was enhanced with vegetation ecological function restoring.