为提高日喀则地区饲用玉米露地种植栽培技术,筛选出饲草生产性能较高的玉米新品种,采用不覆膜种植技术在日喀则地区进行玉米示范生产.以农大 95、曲辰 19、禾玉 9566、曲辰 9 号、京科 932、铁研 53、铁研 458、农大 95 作为参试品种,以农大 95 作为对照.研究了不同玉米品种在不覆膜种植情况下的农艺性状表现和地上生物量等指标.结果显示:以上 7 个品种在露地种植条件下鲜草产量达到 3000 kg/667m2 以上,可进行不覆膜小面积种植.禾玉 9566、铁研 458、曲辰 19、曲辰 9 的生育期指标和地上生物量均高于对照品种农大 95,可作为日喀则地区主推品种.

结合日喀则市当前人工草地种植燕麦品种现状,以20个燕麦新品种为材料,以干草产量为主要评价指标,通过引种栽培试验筛选适宜日喀则地区种植的燕麦新品种,以扩大农牧民群众燕麦种植选择面.初步结果显示:甜燕2+(10573.63kg/hm2)、甜燕60(9973.73kg/hm2)、甜燕3号(9581.99kg/hm2)干草产量依次排在前三位,明显高于其他品种,从当前全市范围冬季对饲草的需求角度看,以上3个新品种值得进一步对比研究.

2020年初,沙漠蝗在巴基斯坦及印度等国肆虐危害,我国日喀则市面临潜在威胁.按照联合国粮农组织及国家林草局的预警信息,日喀则市在全市各边境县均开展了监测工作.6～8月,市6县13乡镇先后监测到沙漠蝗虫,区、市、县联合工作组第一时间在重点区域采取多种防治措施,高强度、广覆盖地开展了监测和防治工作,沙漠蝗情得到有效控制.本文介绍了此次应对沙漠蝗虫发生的前期准备工作、沙漠蝗虫的生物特征,以及监测防治工作的主要过程、采取的具体措施和达到的实际效果,并就不同区域防治沙漠蝗提出了相关建议,为后续应对类似情况提供参考.

为了充分开发利用西藏野生牧草种质资源,筛选出适宜人工栽培的野生垂穗披碱草品种,试验采集西藏不同海拔高度的7个县的野生垂穗披碱草品种,以青牧1号老芒麦为对照,开展了两年的人工栽培试验.结果 表明:人工栽培条件下,采集的野生垂穗披碱草品种均能在试验条件下正常生长,其中扎囊县、巴青县、康马县和南木林县采集的野生垂穗披碱草的干草产量均显著高于对照品种(P＜0.05),且扎囊县野生垂穗披碱草的种子产量显著高于对照品种(P＜0.05).说明野生垂稳披碱草具备高产潜能,通过人工栽培和种植完全可以获得高产优质的披碱草饲草,进一步驯化后可以作为人工栽培品种推广应用.

[Objective] The aim was to provide scientific reference for the production of silage maize in correlated regions of Tibet.[Method] Effects of film mulching on the growth period,growth traits and yield of silage maize and weed were analyzed.[Result] Under the treatment of film mulching,the growth period of silage maize could be advanced for 7-16 d; the plant length,stem diameter and leaf area were increased; and the grain output was increased by 75.9%.According to the market price of silage maize in 2008,22 500 Yuan/hm2 was increased.There were 13 kinds of weeds in silage maize field,which belonged to 13 genera,8 families.Among them,6 kinds of weeds belonged to Gramineae,among which Echinochloa crusgalli and Setaria viridis were dominated in the weed communities.Plantago depressa,Eragrostis pilosa and Malva verticillata var.chinensis could be totally controlled by the film mulching; meanwhile the others could be also controlled in a certain degree except Echinochloa crusgalli.[Conclusion] The plastic mulching planting is worth popularizing for the developing of animal husbandry and the incoming of the local farmers in Tibet.