Iron-based materials as Fenton catalysts exist the problems of low activation efficiency of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and narrow applicable pH range. Herein, we synthesized materials with different ratios of molybdenum to iron, named as MoS2/FeS2, and used them for the degradation of methylene blue (MB). Notably, the MB degradation rate of FeS2/MoS2/H2O2 system reached 99.9 % within 30 min under neutral conditions, and its degradation rate constant was 34.3 and 21.8 times than that of MoS2 alone and physical mixture of FeS2 + MoS2, respectively. The MB degradation rate was 81.4-99.9 % at solution pH of 3-11, suggesting that FeS2/MoS2 is applicable to the Fenton-like process at wide pH. The morphology and composition of materials were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Barrett-Emmett-Teller (BET), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM). The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and experimental results showed that Mo and S accelerated Fe2+/Fe3+ cycling was the main reason for the enhancement of catalyst activity. The main reactive oxygen species (ROS) was singlet oxygen (1O2) in the system. After 4 applications of FeS2/MoS2, the MB degradation rate still reached more than 90 % within 30 min, which indicates the excellent stability of material. In summary, FeS2/MoS2 has promising prospects for the degradation of wastewater.

By a one-step hydrothermal reaction, NiMoO4/Eu6MoO12 composite supported on nickel foam was successfully synthesized. The properties of the composite were optimized by adjusting the content of europium nitrate in the reactants. The NiMoO4 nanorods array formed on nickel foam was used as structural support, and Eu6MoO12 nanoparticles were added to the surface, increasing the material's specific surface area and the active site.The two chemicals' combined effect made the electrode reaction more reversible. In addition, Eu with variable oxidation states increased the oxygen vacancy and promoted the Faraday reaction. And the formation of Eu6MoO12 also significantly reduced the charge transfer resistance of the composite, it influenced the electrochemical behavior of materials. Electrochemical experiments show that the specific capacity of NiMoO4/Eu6MoO12 is 1184.0 C g(-1) at 1 A/g. The energy density of NiMoO4/Eu6MoO12//AC device is 22.34 W h kg(-1) when the power density is 749.52 W kg(-1). In addition, the device also has a capacity retention rate of 80.2% after 5000 cycles. The material's superior electrochemical performance demonstrates that it has promising future applications in the realm of energy storage.

By a one-step hydrothermal reaction, NiMoO4/Eu6MoO12 composite supported on nickel foam was successfully synthesized. The properties of the composite were optimized by adjusting the content of europium nitrate in the reactants. The NiMoO4 nanorods array formed on nickel foam was used as structural support, and Eu6MoO12 nanoparticles were added to the surface, increasing the material's specific surface area and the active site. The two chemicals' combined effect made the electrode reaction more reversible. In addition, Eu with variable oxidation states increased the oxygen vacancy and promoted the Faraday reaction. And the formation of Eu6MoO12 also significantly reduced the charge transfer resistance of the composite, it influenced the electrochemical behavior of materials. Electrochemical experiments show that the specific capacity of NiMoO4/Eu6MoO12 is 1184.0 C g-1 at 1 A g-1. The energy density of NiMoO4/Eu6MoO12//AC device is 22.34 W h kg-1 when the power density is 749.52 W kg-1. In addition, the unit also has an 80.2 percent capacity retention rate after 5,000 cycles. The material's superior electrochemical performance demonstrates that it has promising future applications in the realm of energy storage.

A novel magnetic catalyst was synthesized and applied in heterogeneous catalytic ozonation process. The ZnFe2O4/ZnNCN material was synthesized by hydrothermal and high-temperature calcination method and characterized by XPS, XRD, FTIR, VSM, and SEM techniques. In the system of O3/ZnFe2O4/ZnNCN, the removal rates of phenol and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reached 93% and 43% at 60 min. Further analysis shows that ZnFe2O4/ZnNCN has a significant catalytic effect on O3, which is demonstrated by the first-order kinetic constant being 1.93 times than O3 alone. The catalyst exhibits excellent cycling stability during repeated catalytic ozonation process and can be fully recycled under an applied magnetic field. The role of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and surface hydroxyl groups was investigated, and a mechanism for catalytic ozonation was proposed. This work not only builds an efficient catalytic ozonation system, but also provides a potential modification strategy for spinel oxides.

The structure of materials is closely related to their electrochemical properties. MnMoO4 materials have good stability as supercapacitors but their specific capacitance performance is not excellent. To improve electrochemical performance of MnMoO4, this study conducts secondary hydrothermal treatment in thiourea solution on MnMoO4 electrode material grown on nickel foam synthesized by traditional hydrothermal method. A more compact S-doped MnMoO4 electrode material with more oxygen vacancies and higher specific capacitance was obtained. At the current density of 1 A g(-1), the specific capacitance of the composite material reached 2526.7 F g(-1), which increased by 140.9% compared with that of ordinary MnMoO4 material. The capacitance retention rate of the composite material was 95.56% after 2000 cycles at 10 A g(-1). An asymmetric supercapacitor was fabricated using S-doped MnMoO4 as the positive electrode, activated carbon as the negative electrode, and 6 mol L-1 KOH solution as the electrolyte. The specific capacitance of the assembled supercapacitor was 117.50 F g(-1) at 1 A g(-1), and a high energy density of 47.16 W h kg(-1) at the power density of 849.98 W kg(-1) was recorded. This method greatly improves the specific capacitance of MnMoO4 through simple processing, which makes it have great application potential.

In this paper, ozone catalysts with different ratios of La-doped SrZrO3 were prepared for the catalytic ozone treatment of phenol wastewater by a high-temperature solid-phase method. In the experiments, the effects of solution pH, La doping ratio and catalyst dosage on the catalytic ozone performance were investigated respectively. The experimental results showed that the catalytic performance of the catalysts was significantly improved when the doping amount of La reached 0.1. The fluorescence experiments showed that the doping of La had a great promotion effect on the catalytic production of hydroxyl radicals, which was beneficial to the degradation of organic pollutants.

In this work, the construction of host referred binding energy (HRBE) diagram and vacuum referred binding energy (VRBE) diagram is described in detail. The energy gap of Zn4B6O13 is calculated by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and the energy level positions of Eu3+ in VRBE are determined by the charge transfer (CT) band of Zn4B6O13 doped Eu3+ to construct a complete lanthanide ions VRBE diagram. According to the constructed VRBE of Zn4B6O13 system, novel long-afterglow phosphors Zn4B6O13:Mn2+ co-doped with Ln(3+) (Ln = Sm, Yb, Eu) is designed and synthesized successfully. The influence of B2O3 contents on the crystal structure and luminescence of the Mn2+ doped zinc borate phosphors were analyzed by XRD and emission spectra. Photoluminescence excitation and emission spectra, persistent luminescence spectra and afterglow decay curve indicate that the doping of lanthanide ions Sm3+ and Yb3+ prolonged the afterglow duration of green emission of Mn2+ effectively. The fitting results of persistent luminescence spectra is consistent with the fast decay process of afterglow decay curve. The energy level depths of Sm3+ and Yb3+ traps obtained by thermoluminescence analysis are 0.49 eV and 1.12 eV respectively, which are in good agreement with the results calculated by VRBE. The energy level position of Sm3+ and Yb3+ below the conduction band (CB) are suitable trap depth, which can store and release electrons continuously. However, that of Eu3+ is too deep to enhance the afterglow. According to the VRBE theory, the mechanism of the electron trap is satisfactorily explained, which is important to the subsequent research of system design and mechanism explanation of lanthanide ions doped long afterglow materials. (C) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

为了研究铌对高强抗震钢筋生产过程中组织转变的影响,通过热模拟试验对比研究了无铌碳素钢筋及铌微合金化钢筋(铌质量分数为0.03％)形变奥氏体在不同冷却速率下的组织和相变规律,获得动态CCT曲线.研究结果表明,添加0.03％铌使试验钢奥氏体连续冷却转变有明显变化.从连续冷却曲线(CCT)可看出,添加铌后,发生先共析铁素体、珠光体相变的冷却速度范围减小,铁素体、珠光体转变温度降低;贝氏体相变的冷却速度区间整体右移.添加铌能细化组织,各冷却速度下含铌钢的硬度均大于无铌钢.利用TEM对不同冷却速度下含铌钢中析出相进行观察,发现Nb(C,N)弥散分布于钢中,随着冷却速度的增加,析出的Nb(C,N)逐渐减少,析出相尺寸呈先减小后增大的规律,2℃/s冷却速度冷却得到的析出相尺寸细小且数量较多.

铌可以显著改善钢的组织,提高钢的性能.同时,铌在钢中还存在偏聚现象,可有效提高钢的淬透性,使共析点右移.因此,利用金相法和等温热处理试验,对高碳钢的微观组织进行分析,发现铌的析出和固溶将细化晶粒,同时铌的加入将推迟高碳钢的珠光体转变,并使其孕育期延长.利用合金价电子结构理论,构建了不含铌和含铌的两种体系的奥氏体合金价电子晶胞,从电子层次研究铌对高碳钢奥氏体的影响规律.理论计算结果表明,两种模型在碳质量分数为0.86％时的最大共价电子对数nA分别为0.972 5、0.962 4.铌的加入会改变体系中键的组成,并与碳原子结合形成新的最强键C-Nb键.而NbC的析出阻碍了碳在奥氏体中的扩散,推迟了珠光体的形成和长大,进而推迟了珠光体相变,导致添加铌元素后的CCT曲线右移.

通过热处理试验结合物理化学相分析实验,对含铌与不含铌的2种试验钢在不同均热温度下的奥氏体晶粒长大情况及含铌钢中铌的固溶规律进行研究.结果 表明,均热温度低于1 200℃时,含铌钢奥氏体晶粒尺寸均小于无铌钢奥氏体晶粒尺寸;随着均热温度的升高,含铌钢奥氏体中固溶的Nb逐渐增多;均热温度升至1 200℃时,含铌钢奥氏体晶粒较无铌钢无明显细化.通过相分析试验研究实际Nb的固溶量与均热温度的关系,发现实际测量得到Nb未溶量随均热温度的升高而减小,对比Nb在奥氏体中的实际固溶与理论固溶的关系,寻找适合的含铌试验钢的理论模型.

A novel bluish green long-lasting phosphor LiBaPO4:Eu2+, Ho3+ was synthesized by solid- state reaction. The phosphor was characterized by X-ray diffraction, photoluminescence spectra, afterglow decay curve and thermoluminescence spectrum. The photoluminescence is ascribed to the 5d-4f transitions of Eu2+ ions. There is no Ho3+ emission in the photoluminescence spectra, which means that Ho3+ is a coactivator. After irradiated with a UV light (365 nm), persistent luminescence can last more than 5626 s above 0.32 mcd/m(2), which is 100 times than the sensitivity of human eyes in dark. Thermoluminescence curves indicate that only one trap depth in the phosphor, which is ascribed to the doping of Ho3+. The possible mechanism of persistent luminescence was discussed.

1.0G polyamidoamine dentrimer-Salicylaldehyde Schiff-base (PAMAM(1.0G)-SA) was synthesized by modifying PAMAM dendrimers with salicylaldehyde.The mechanism of corrosion inhibition and adsorption behavior for self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of the PAMAM(1.0G)-SA on the surface of Q235 steel in 5％ HCl solution were investigated by electrochemical methods.Results indicated that the SAMs of PAMAM(1.0G)-SA could form on the surface of Q235 steel,which changed the structure of the double electric layer and restrained both the processes of anodic oxidation and cathodic reduction.Results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurement indicated that the charge trans fer resistance of the steel electrode with the SAMs of PAMAM(1.0G)-SA increased greatly and its double electric layer capacitance decreased significantly.This is in good agreement with the fact that the SAMs of PAMAM(1.0G)-SA have good corrosion inhibition for Q235 steel in 5％HCl solution measured by EIS and by polarization curves.The adsorption of PAMAM(1.0G)-SA on the surface of Q235 steel was found to follow Langmuir adsorption isotherm and mechanism of chemisorptions.The formation mechanism of the molecular structure of PAMAM(1.0G)-SA on the surface of Q235 steel was investigated by quantum chemical calculations.

The fabrication of high capacitance binder-free electrode materials with the advantages of having low costs and low toxicity has been attracting great attention for supercapacitors. In this study, we report the synthesis of hierarchical birnessite-type 3D Cu0.45Mn0.55O2 (CMO) nanosheets (NS) directly grown on flexible carbon textile (CT) without any surfactant via a simple hydrothermal method. The CMO-NS supported on carbon textile were directly used as an integrated electrode for electrochemical measurments. The binder-free electrodes yielded high specific capacitance of 983 F g(-1) in 1.0 M Na2SO4 aqueous electrolyte at a constant current density of 1.0 mAcm(-2). In addition, the CMO-NS electrode displayed outstanding cyclic stability by retaining 90% capacitance after 3000 cycles. Thus, the Cu0.45Mn0.55O2 nanosheets combined with carbon textile form a promising electrode material for high-performance pseudocapacitors that have light weight and low cost. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Novel long lasting phosphors SrMg2(PO4)(2):Eu2+, SrMg2(PO4)(2):Eu2+, Zr2+, SrMg2(PO4)(2):Eu2+ Ho3+ and SrMg2(PO4)(2):Eu2+, Ho3+, Zr4+ were synthesized by conventional solid-state reaction method. The luminescent properties Were systematically characterized by X-ray diffraction, photoluminescent excitation and emission spectra, as well as thermoluminescence spectrum and decay curves. The XRD patterns indicated that the samples belonged to monoclinic phase and co-doping Eu2+, Ho3+ and Zr4+ ions had no effect on the basic crystal structure. These phosphors emitting purplish blue light is related to the characteristic emission of Eu2+. The afterglow time of Eu2+ activated SrMg2(PO4)(2) can be greatly enhanced by the co-doping of Ho3+, Zr4+. After the 365 nm UV light excitation source switching off, the Sr0.92Mg1.95(PO4)(2):Eu-0.01(2+), Zr-0.05(4+), Ho-0.07(3+) phosphorescence can be observed for more than 1013 s in the limit of light perception of dark-adapted human eyes (0.32 mcd/m(2)). Different kinds of TL peaks at 423, 448 and 473 K have appeared, and traps densities have increased compared with the Eu2+ single doped SrMg2(PO4)(2) phosphor. By analyzing the TL curve the depths of traps were calculated to be 0.846, 0.896 and 0.946 eV, respectively, which suggested that the co-doping of Ho3+, Zr4+ improved the electron storage ability of material. Besides, the mechanism was discussed in this report. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

In this paper, we report a high-performance MnO2/Ni(OH)(2) nanosheets@nickel foam (MnO2/Ni (OH)(2)@NF) electrode material prepared by a facile one-step hydrothermal method. In this novel hierarchical design, nickel foam with a sheath of mesoporous Ni(OH)(2) networks is coated with interconnected MnO2 nanosheets, which produces a highly porous reticular oxide/hydroxide/metal composite structure. The supercapacitor electrode made of the unique construction exhibits exceptional capacitance of 843.0 F g(-1) at a charge/discharge current density of 1 A g(-1) and superb rate capability (79.1% capacitance retention from 0.1 to 5 A g(-1)). The synergistic effects are employed to study the competitive advantages of MnO2/Ni(OH)(2)@NF electrode. Namely, 3D nickel foam serves as highly conductive backbone for deposition of nanostructured MnO2/Ni(OH)(2) composite film, which provides the high accessibility of electrolytic ions for shorten diffusion paths. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Ecological land is one of the most important components of urban Social-Economic-Natural Complex Ecosystem,it can provide various important ecosystem services for urban areas.Using Remote Sensing,Geography Information Science technology and landscape index analysis software,focusing on the scientific problem of urban ecological land and ecosystem services,on the basis of analyzing four-phase remote sensing images of Changzhou in 1991,1996,2001 and 2006,we got the evolution of landscape spatial structure of Changzhou during the past 15 years and assessed changes of ecosystem services generated by urban ecological land.The results show that the ecological land proportion of land-use decreased from 89.2% to 65.1%.During 1991 to 2001,the areas of forests,fields and water had a decreasing tendency.During 2001 to 2006,the areas of forests turned back to that of 1996.Ecological land in Changzhou have provided ecosystem services including agricultural and forestry production,climatic regulation,conservation of water resource,soil and water conservation,biodiversity protection,etc.During 1991 to 2006,the value of ecosystem services provided by ecological land has reduced 19.3%.The decrease of ecosystem services value provided by agricultural lands was the largest of all and it decreased 32.3%.The results showed strong correlation between landscape spatial structure and ecosystem services of Changzhou city.This paper can provide scientific methods and decision making for strengthening of urban ecosystem services,land use planning and management,urban sustainable development,etc.

Using remote sensing images of the year 1993,2000 and 2004 of Wujiang City,based on GIS and RS,land use changes were analyzed with modeling land-use transition matrix.Then,the ecological effects caused by land use changes were studied.The result indicated that the cropland fondues were replaced by construction land.The landscape diversity and evenness of ecosystem structure decreased,and the irregularity of patch shape decreased.The ecosystem services thus degraded.The loss of cropland and increase of construction land were the cause of the decrease of total service values.However,the increase of water area prevented this trend.The water holding capacity and waste disposal contributed more than 50% to the total service value.Fenhu town contributed 24.2%,25.21%,25.13% at the three stages of the total service values respectively,while Taoyuan Town shared the lowest proportion.

Nanhu(South Lake) Marsh,the third largest lake in Changshu City,is a natural wetland in the urban and rural junction.On the basis of field investigations and experiments,this paper,through market value,expenditure,shadow projects and result consultation,made a monetary assessment of the eco-service value of Nanhu Marsh.The research results show that the direct utilization value presented by the status quo of the marsh is 27.24 million yuan RMB,indirect utilization value is 19.48 million yuan RMB,its eco-service functions arranged in descending order are: aquiculture(54.81%),nutrition cycling(28.23%),conservation water source(7.62%),erosion control(4.71%),water supply(2.76%),biological habitats(1.06%),science and education(0.75%) and water purification(0.06%).Obviously,its main eco-service function is aquiculture.So,while keeping the advantage of aquiculture,investment in the aspects of entertainment and conservation water source must be enlarged and Nanhu Marsh wetland resources be rationally developed.At the lake inlet,and in the area where the eco-system is being threatened,lakeside wetland must be built,ecological restoration measures be applied to the lake body,lakeside and river beds,and the eco-environment in the wetland be protected so as to realize the sustainable utilization of Nanhu Marsh wetland resources.

In accordance with the case that the bioleaching rate and the separation efficiency of copper ions are seriously influenced by the ferric precipitate because of the excessive concentration of iron ions during the copper bioleaching process in Zijin mine,the kinetics on formation of jarosite both in presence and absence of the leaching bacteria is systematically studied,and the variations of the jarosite quantity,pH,Eh and so on in the jarosite formation process are investigated. The regulation of the ferric precipitate in various conditions is also summarized. The results show that in presence of bacteria,the jarosite forming process is accelerated by bacteria. The production is ammonium jarosite in presence of bacteria,and that Fe(OH)3 colloid is forming in aseptic condition. pH value is one of important influence factor during jarosite forming while there are bacteria.

Low-silica X zeolite(LSX)with the molar ratio 2.0 of SiO2 to Al2O3 was prepared by introducing the crystallization directing agent(CDA)under aging at room temperature(15-30 ℃)and crystallizing at 100-110 ℃.The crystal structure of LSX was characterized by XRD.The effect of CDA(17Na2O·6SiO2·Al2O3·250H2O)on the crystallization of LSX was studied.The results showed that the additive of CDA aged for 5 h could inhibit from impurity hydroxysodalite(HS)in LSX,but could not speed up the rate of crystallization.The study on the ratio of raw material showed that the purity of LSX was greatly influenced by the changes in molar ratio of H2O/(Na2O+K2O)and Na2O/(Na2O+K2O).The crystallinity of product LSX raised with increasing reaction temperature and aging time.The fine purity and crystallinity of the product could be obtained when aging for 12 h at room temperature(25-30 ℃)and crystallizing for 3 h at 110 ℃,and the molar ratio Si/Al of product LSX was 1.02±0.03.