2023年3月26日,中国工程院院士、上海交通大学氢科学中心主任丁文江在中央电视台财经频道《中国经济大讲堂》中宣告了他和他的研究团队在氢科学研究中取得的重大成果和突破,并精彩解析了《固态储氢——前程在镁》研究成果的艰难突破过程及作用.丁文江院士及其研究团队的这个研究成果,为解决人类社会的能源需求短缺问题提供了新的途径.

[研究目的]柳东地区位于右江盆地东缘,近年来该地区早三叠世石炮组中首次发现一套火山岩夹层,为研究盆地东缘的构造演化特征提供了重要依据.[研究方法]本文以新发现的柳东地区火山岩为研究对象,通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素分析,研究右江盆地东缘火山岩的形成时代及岩浆源区特征.[研究结果]结果表明,火山岩的岩性为凝灰岩-凝灰质熔岩-凝灰质火山角砾岩组合,指示了典型的火山岩特征.其2件凝灰岩样品中锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb加权平均年龄分别为(244.0±1.9)Ma和(247.1±0.9)Ma,锆石微量元素(U、Th、Hf、Nb)表现出大陆岩浆弧属性特征.锆石Hf同位素结果显示εHf(t)为-13.2～-1.2,二阶段模式年龄(TDMC)为1.35～2.06 Ga,其岩浆源区主要为地壳物质,平均地壳存留年龄为1.7～2.06 Ga.[结论]该火山岩夹层与其所出露的地层时代基本相符,属于早三叠世末期—中三叠世早期火山喷发产物,火山岩形成于火山弧-同碰撞的构造环境,代表了弧后盆地的沉积环境,与印支期古特提斯洋的闭合相关.该成果为古特提斯构造域的演化研究提供了新的基础资料,具有重要意义.

广西西部德保县红泥坡酸性岩群岩性以中细粒、细粒(含)黑云二长花岗岩、二长花岗岩、花岗岩、花岗斑岩、石英斑岩为主,呈小岩株、岩脉、岩枝产出,本文报道了其与下泥盆郁江组侵入接触关系的发现.通过岩石地球化学研究,红泥坡酸性岩群具有酸度大、碱质高、钾大于钠、铝过饱和的特点,属于强过铝质高钾钙碱性花岗岩类.稀土元素表现为轻稀土富集,负Eu异常明显,轻重稀土分馏较强.岩浆源区以成熟的泥质岩为主,其中并可能具弱Ce正异常的沉积物参与部分熔融,形成于中浅成相的大陆碰撞挤压构造环境,形成时代晚于早泥盆世,具有较大的Sn成矿潜力.

对钦杭结合带西南段大瑶山东南缘的中晚侏罗世埃达克质花岗岩(165～153 Ma)进行了岩石学、地球化学研究,并探讨了埃达克质和TTG岩类的特征属性.岩石SiO2含量63.76％～72.13％,总体具高Al2O3(Al2O3≥15％)、低MgO(＜3％),亏损重稀土元素(HREE)、正Eu异常或弱的负Eu异常,低Y(≤18×10-6)和Yb(≤1.9×10-6),高Sr(＞300×10-6)和Sr/Y值(＞20)等埃达克岩独特的地球化学特征.结合区域构造演化分析认为,该侏罗纪埃达克质花岗岩形成于陆内伸展构造背景,为大陆板内加厚(隆起区)的下地壳底部岩石部分熔融的产物,属大陆板内环境Ⅰ型花岗岩.具有类似于低镁安山岩/闪长岩系列(LMA)和镁安山岩/闪长岩系列(MA)两种高压型TTG亚类的属性,为古俯冲增生带下地壳弧型岩石熔融的继承性特征,与中生代古太平洋俯冲板片熔融过程无关,属非俯冲成因的埃达克/TTG岩类.其空间上与大瑶山东南缘早古生代俯冲增生带高度重合,且与早古生代TTG侵入岩组合紧密相邻,提示它们可能源自于早古生代洋壳俯冲带或大陆边缘弧下地壳玄武质岩石的部分熔融,因而具有洋俯冲成因的特征属性.

领薅组在运用的过程中因各种原因出现了3种写法——领薅组、领组和领好组.这是一种同一名称的同一地层单位,出现用字不同的现象,称为同名异字.文章提出以中国地层委员会确立的地层单位命名的优先权原则作为处理同名异字问题的基本原则.

广西区域地质调查研究院近年在1:5万区域地质调查工作时,于桂西寒武纪地层新采获了Chuangia等一批三叶虫、小壳类及遗迹化石,这些化石的发现,丰富了桂西寒武纪地层古生物化石的内容,对区域地层划分对比、古生物群、沉积环境和古地理、大地构造研究等具有重要意义.文章从区域地质、岩石地层特征、化石资料及地质意义等方面来阐述球接子化石的发现对广西寒武纪地层划分的意义,还从古生物、生物相等方面来反映大新及其西北、南东寒武纪地层的相互关系和沉积相、古生物群的变化规律.

那介石英斑岩体位于百色市右江区龙川镇境内,是华南右江褶皱带出露为数不多的花岗质岩石,目前对其地质、地球化学特征及成因缺乏充分认识.通过1∶5万区调工作,对桂西龙川地区那介岩体进行地质特征、岩石学、矿物学调研,并开展岩石地球化学测试,结果显示那介石英斑岩总体具富硅铝,贫钙镁、钛铁之特征,属于强过铝质“S”型花岗岩.稀土元素表现为轻稀土(LREE)富集,重稀土(HREE)亏损之特征.微量元素体现出Rb、U、Ta、P、Hf等富集,Ba、La、Nd、Ce、Zr、Ti亏损,具明显Rb、Ta、P峰及因分离结晶作用形成的Ba、Nd、Ti谷,为“S”型花岗岩.岩体形成于后碰撞造山环境,为地壳物质重熔的产物,与燕山期发生的华南大规模岩石圈伸展有关.

The Dongping manganese ore deposit in Guangxi is a large—scale lateritic type Mn ore deposit.The ore deposit consist consists of primary and secondary manganese ore-bearing layers.However,the nature and age of the strata hosting the primary manganese ore-bearing layer are uncertain.Traditionally,the hosting strata were regarded as part of the Beisi Formation deposited in shallow-water platform facies.Based on field survey,sedimentary facies analysis,and biostratigraphic data,we redefine the ore-bearing strata as the Dongping unit (T1d) which belongs to the Shipao Formation.Early Triassic bivalves (e.g Claraia sp.) and ammonoids were obtained from mudstone layers in the lower part of the ore-bearing strata.A LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb age of 251.5±2.5 Ma was obtained from pyroclastic rocks in the upper part of the ore-bearing strata.Together with Middle Triassic bivalves and ammonoids from the pyroclastic rocks,the new data suggest that the manganese ore-bearing strata are middle-late Early Triassic in age.

Meso-Neoproterozoic Yunkai Group complex is lithologically composed of the middle-low grade metamorphic series in southeastern Guangxi, which formed a series of zones of progressive metamorphism from greenschist facies to amphibolite facies. Systematical research of amphibolite in the amphibolite facie metamorphic zone (staurolite-kyanite zone) from Yunkai Group complex shows that these rocks mainly experienced five metamorphism evolutions stages: the early greenschist-facies progressive metamorphism stage (M1), the peak amphibolite-facies stage (M2), the constant temperature and depressed metamorphism stage (M3), the constant pressure and decreased temperature metamorphism stage (M4) and the late greenschist-facies retrograde metamorphism stage (M5), which together compose a clockwise revolving PT path. The geodynamic process falls in the mode of plate-plate collision orogenics-uplift, which indicates that the geological evolution of the collision orogen in the northern margin of Yunkai land block experienced collision, subduction and subsequent rapid uplift.

Highly precise zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating was carried out on granitic gneiss in the Late Precambrian Yunkai metamorphic complex, garnet pyroxenite in the medium- and high-grade metamorphic Tiantangshan Group complex and mid-ocean ridge metabasic volcanic rocks (amphibolite) in the medium- and low-metamorphic Yunkai Group complex in the Yunkai area, Guangxi, southwestern Cathaysia. The data show the following ages: 1894±17 Ma and 1847±59 Ma for garnet pyroxenite of the Tiantangshan Group complex, indicating a Paleoproterozoic age; 1462±28 Ma for the metabasic volcanic rocks (amphibolite) of the Yunkai Group complex, indicating the presence of fragments of the Meso- and Neoproterozoic oceanic crust in the Yunkai area; 906±24 Ma for the granitic gneiss intrusion is, which should be the product of the global Grenville (Sibaoan) collisional orogeny occurring around 1000 Ma BP. In addition, an inherited detrital zircon age of 2702±13 Ma was also obtained, which is the oldest age in the Yunkai area and even in Cathaysia, proving the presence of Neoarchean continental crustal material in Cathaysia.