In this paper, we study the topological structure on Ext-groups of unital extensions. It is proved that the stable strong Ext-group and the stable weak Ext-group for unital extensions are pseudopolish groups if A is a unital $$C^*$$-algebra in the bootstrap class $${{\mathcal {N}}}$$ and B is a stable separable $$C^*$$-algebra. Furthermore, we topologize certain UCTs and prove that these UCTs are exact sequences as topological groups.

1 病例资料 患儿男性,5岁,主诉“体检发现丙型肝炎抗体阳性2年”于2017年8月23日入本院.患儿2年前体检发现抗-HCV阳性,当时无纳差、乏力、腹胀、恶心等不适,未治疗,定期每6个月于本院门诊复查.2017年8月10日于本院门诊随诊检查肝功能:ALT 37 U/L,AST 47 U/L,HCV RNA:2 954 969 IU/ml(采用实时荧光定量PCR,Abbott m2000全自动核酸检测仪,雅培原装试剂,检测下限为12 IU/ml),门诊以“慢性丙型肝炎”为诊断收入本院感染科.患儿既往体健,无高血压,无冠心病,无血脂异常,无脑血管疾病,无HIV、HBV感染病史,否认“结核、疟疾”病史.预防接种随社会进行,无手术史,无外伤史,无输血史,无献血史,无食物、药物过敏史.父亲体健,母亲患有“慢性丙型肝炎”.

Objective To recognize the efficacy and safety of paritaprevir/ritonavir-ombitasvir combined with dasabuvir (OBV/PTV/RTV+DSV) in the treatment of genotype 1b chronic hepatitis C.Methods Patients with genotype 1b chronic hepatitis C who were admitted to the People's Hospital of Henan Province,Huashan Hospital of Shanghai and the Fifth Medical Center of the General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army of China between November 2017 to August 2018 were enlisted.All patients received OBV/PTV/RTV+DSV antiviral therapy.HCV RNA levels were measured at baseline,weeks 1,2,3,4,8,12,and 24,then 12 weeks,and 24 weeks after completion of treatment;patients' comorbidity,concomitant medications,and clinical adverse events were recorded.Results 108 patients were enrolled in the study,with an average age of 49.1 years,44 patients were male (40.8％),96.3％ (104/108) were newly diagnosed,and four patients had previous treatment history,of whom three were treated with IFN and one with IFN + DAA.Ninety-eight cases completed 12 weeks treatment and 89 cases were in follow up for 12 weeks,after discontinuation of the drug.Overall,89 cases (100％) achieved SVR12.One patient treated with PR and DAA had HCV RNA level of 869175 IU/mL at 4 weeks of treatment,which was significantly higher than the baseline HCV RNA level (301776IU/ML),and was judged as failure of treatment;and follow-up was discontinued.Of all enrolled patients,19 (17.6％) had underlying diseases and 15 (13.9％) had combined medications.During treatment,adverse events (AE) occurred in 11 patients (10.1％).The main adverse events were pruritus and elevated bilirubin.Conclusion Combined antiviral therapy (OBV/PTV/RTV+DSV) of 12 weeks are highly effective with good safety profile in the treatment of Chinese patients with genotype 1b chronic hepatitis C.

Since 2014,the United States and Europe has approved all oral,interferon free-regimens that combine with direct-acting antiviral agents.Hence,the sustained virological response rate of patients with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection has improved over 90％,and the treatment modalities has introduced a new era.These drugs,ombitasvir and dasabuvir,received customary authorization of Food and Drug Administration in 2015 and are the first combined direct-acting antiviral agents for treating HCV genotype 1 infection.It has superior application prospects in Chinabecause of its high-sustained virological response rate and safety profile.This article reviews the pharmacokinetics,drug interactions,efficacy and safety of this therapeutic regimen.

Objective: To investigate the influence of hepatitis B virus X gene (HBx) on apoptosis of hepatic cells mediated by Fas in HePG2 cells. Methods: HBx eukaryotic vector pcDNA3.1(+)-X was transfected into HEPG2 cells with lipofectamine, and the null vector pcDNA3.1(+) and untransfected HEPG2 were used as normal controls. The cells were collected 72 h after transfection, and the expression of HBx mRNA and protein was determined using RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA was also determined using RT-PCR. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis were evaluated using CCK-8 and flow cytometry, respectively, after HepG2-HBx and HepG2-3.1 cells were treated with stimulatory monoclonal antibody anti-Fas CH11. The t test was used for pairwise comparison. Results: The cell line HepG2-HBx was successfully established, as confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blot, and RT-PCR results showed that HepG2-HBx cells had significantly higher expression of Bcl-2 mRNA than HepG2-3.1 and HepG2 cells (P < 0.05), but had significantly lower expression of Bax mRNA than HepG2-3.1 and HepG2 cells (P < 0.05); CCK-8 and flow cytometry showed that anti-Fas CH11 had a lower cytotoxicity to HepG2-HBx cells and allowed for a lower apoptosis rate of HepG2-HBx cells compared with HepG2-3.1 and HepG2 cells. Conclusions: HBx can inhibit apoptosis of hepatic cells mediated by the Fas pathway.

Objective To investigate a new type of HFE gene mutation in a family with hereditary hemochromatosis (HH).Methods The analysis of HFE gene was performed for one patient with a confirmed diagnosis of HH and five relatives.Blood genomic DNA was extracted and PCR multiplication was performed for the exon and intron splice sequences of related HFE,HJV,HAMP,transferrin receptor 2 (TfR2),and SLC40A1 genes.After agarose gel electrophoresis and purification,bi -directional direct sequencing was performed to detect mutation sites.Results The proband had abnormal liver function and increases in serum iron,total iron binding capacity,serum ferritin, and transferrin saturation,as well as T→C homozygous mutation in the fourth base of intron 2 in the intervening sequence of the exon EXON2 of HFE gene (IVs 2 +4T→C,C /C homozygous,splicing,abnormal).There were no abnormalities in HJV,HAMP,TfR2,and SLC40A1 genes.The proband′s son had the same homozygous mutation,three relatives had heterozygous mutations,and one relative had no abnormal mutations.Conclusion Gene detection plays an important role in the diagnosis of hemochromatosis,and IVs 2 +4T→C mutation may be a new pathogenic mutation for HH in China.

Objective: To investigate the clinical features of patients with liver failure caused by tumor diffuse liver infiltration. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 1008 patients with liver failure who were admitted to our hospital from July 2009 to December 2015. Among these patients, 9 had acute liver failure caused by liver metastasis of malignant tumor. Their clinical manifestations, laboratory markers, clinical progress, and outcome were observed, and the clinical features were summarized. Results: Such patients were manifested as liver enlargement and rapid clinical progression, and imaging examination showed stenosis due to external compression in the inferior vena cava. The patients might be easily misdiagnosed with Budd-Chiari syndrome and had a poor prognosis, with a mortality rate as high as 100%. Conclusion: As for the liver failure patients with unexplained liver enlargement, the possibility of liver metastasis of malignant tumors should be considered. Liver biopsy should be performed as early as possible before the deterioration of liver function, in order to facilitate the targeted therapy for the primary tumor.

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical features and gene mutation profiles of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and Gilbert's syndrome. METHODS Thirty-three patients with CHB and Gilbert's syndrome were enrolled in the study. Serum markers of liver function and histological features of disease-related liver injury were assessed by standard methods. Gene mutations were detected by PCR and direct DNA sequencing.Statistical analysis was carried out with the chi-square and t tests. RESULTS Sequencing of the Gilbert syndrome-associated gene, UGT 1A 1, revealed mutations in the upstream promoter phenobarbital-responsive element module (PBREM) (-3279 mutation, 23 cases), in the promoter TATA box (a TA insertion mutation, 21 cases), and in the coding region of exon 1 (a GGA-AGA Gly71Arg mutation, 18 cases); there was no statistical difference found for any of the three mutations among this patient population (x2 =1.640, P more than 0.05). CONCLUSION The traditional methods of diagnosis for patients with CHB and Gilbert's syndrome remain a technical challenge in the clinic, and gene detection may represent a more favorable method for diagnosing this patient population.

In this paper, we consider the classification of unital extensions of AF-algebras by their six-term exact sequences in K-theory. Using the classification theory of C*-algebras and the universal coefficient theorem for unital extensions, we give a complete characterization of isomorphisms between unital extensions of AF-algebras by stable Cuntz algebras. Moreover, we also prove a classification theorem for certain unital extensions of AF-algebras by stable purely infinite simple C*-algebras with nontrivial K 1-groups up to isomorphism.

We discuss when a unital homomorphism {\phi} : C(X) \rightarrow A can be approximated by finite-dimensional homomorphisms, where X is a compact metric space and A is unital simple C*-algebra with tracial rank one. In this paper, we will give a necessary and sufficient condition.

>我们对24例慢性丙型肝炎肝硬化合并脾功能亢进的患者进行了治疗,通过脾切除责门周围血管离断术纠正外周血白细胞和血小板减少,术后2-4周开始聚乙二醇干扰素联合利巴韦林抗病毒治疗,疗程l年,随访24周,现报道如下。

证实了J．Vukman关于非交换Banach代数上线性导子像的猜测;给出了复Banach代数上线性导子映代数入其Jacobson根的几个充分条件和线性导子具有最简形式的充要条件．

It is well-known that Extw((?)n)≌Zn-1. In this paper, we construct all the extensions of (?)n by K in a new way, and compute their K-groups.

In this paper,an operator-valued measure and integration are studied. We obtain the Lebesgue-decomposition theorem with respect to the Mackey-Arens topology,the Riesz-representation theorem of which the linear operators take values in von Neumann algebra and other results.