Cold-standby systems have been widely used for conditions with limited power, which achieve fault tolerance and high-reliability systems. The cold spare (CSP) gate is a common dynamic gate in the dynamic fault tree (DFT). DFT with CSP gates is typically used to model a cold-standby system for reliability analysis. In general, inputs of the CSP gate are considered to be basic events. However, with the requirement of the current system design, the inputs of the CSP gate may be either basic events or top events of subtrees. Hence, the sequence-dependency among basic events in CSP gates becomes much more complex. However, the early conditional binary decision diagram (CBDD) used for the reliability analysis of spare gates does not consider it well. To address this problem, the conditioning event rep is improved to describe the replacement behavior in CSP gates with subtrees inputs, and the related formulae are derived. Further, a combinatorial method based on the CBDD is demonstrated to evaluate the reliability of cold-standby systems modeled by CSP gates with subtrees inputs. The case study is presented to show the advantage of using our method.

目的 探讨脓毒症患者六经辨证分型与T淋巴细胞亚群及单核细胞免疫功能的关系.方法 将2019年1月至2022年2月北京中医药大学深圳医院(龙岗)重症监护病房(ICU)收治的102例脓毒症患者按六经辨证分为太阳病、阳明病、少阳病、太阴病、少阴病、厥阴病6个证型.入组24 h内检测不同证型患者人白细胞DR抗原(HLA-DR)、T淋巴细胞亚群〔CD4+T细胞(CD4+)、辅助性T细胞2(Th2)、调节性T细胞(Treg)〕、降钙素原(PCT)、中心静脉血氧饱度(ScvO2)水平;并观察各证型患者急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)、ICU住院时间和28 d病死率的变化.结果 ① 从太阳病到少阴病,HLA-DR、CD4+逐渐降低,Th2、Treg逐渐增高,其中太阴病HLA-DR、CD4+明显低于太阳病(HLA-DR:0.36±0.04比0.41±0.06,CD4+:0.37±0.05比0.43±0.06,均P<0.05),Th2、Treg明显高于太阳病(Th2:0.0302±0.0062比0.0265±0.0042,Treg:0.119±0.024比0.095±0.020,均P<0.05);少阴病HLA-DR和CD4+水平均明显低于太阳病、阳明病、少阳病(HLA-DR:0.33±0.05比0.41±0.06、0.39±0.05、0.37±0.06,CD4+:0.36±0.05比0.43±0.06、0.40±0.06、0.40±0.05),Th2、Treg则明显高于太阳病、阳明病、少阳病(Th2:0.0342±0.0068比0.0265±0.0042、0.0278±0.0051、0.0293±0.0052,Treg:0.128±0.025比0.095±0.020、0.102±0.020、0.107±0.023,均P<0.05).② 从太阳病到少阴病,APACHEⅡ评分、PCT逐渐增高,ScvO2逐渐下降,其中太阴病APACHEⅡ评分和PCT水平明显高于太阳病、阳明病〔APACHEⅡ评分(分):22.37±6.36比15.24±5.51、17.85±5.34,PCT(μg/L):32.75±9.31比24.42±8.58、26.83±8.52,均P<0.05〕,ScvO2明显低于太阳病、阳明病(0.629±0.008比0.685±0.009、0.665±0.009,均P<0.05);少阴病APACHEⅡ评分和PCT水平明显高于太阳病、阳明病、少阳病〔APACHEⅡ评分(分):24.52±6.59比15.24±5.51、17.85±5.34、19.22±6.40,PCT(μg/L):35.42±9.48比24.42±8.58、26.83±8.52、28.39±7.39,均P<0.05〕,ScvO2明显低于太阳病、阳明病、少阳病(0.595±0.007比0.685±0.009、0.645±0.008,均P<0.05).③ 少阴病28 d病死率明显高于太阳病〔53.57％(15/28)比25.00％(5/20),P<0.05〕,年龄、ICU住院时间明显高于太阳病、阳明病、少阳病〔年龄(岁):75.28±9.46比66.51±7.55、68.24±7.71、70.44±6.47,ICU住院时间(d):14.57±5.48比9.31±3.22、9.96±3.28、11.30±3.50,均P<0.05〕.结论 脓毒症患者T淋巴细胞亚群、HLA-DR的表达与六经传变存在对应关系;六经辨证分型能评估脓毒症患者的免疫功能、病情严重程度及转归.

目的 探讨大柴胡汤保护重症中暑大鼠肠道黏膜屏障的治疗效果及作用机制研究.方法 SPF级SD雄性大鼠60只随机分为空白对照组、模型组、大柴胡汤标准剂量组、大柴胡汤高剂量组.通过将大鼠置于高温气候动物培养箱内[温度(40.5±0.5)℃,湿度(65.0±2.0)％]制备经典中暑模型,模型制备成功后6h开始每8小时灌胃给药1次,连续2 d.各组在造模成功后6、24、48 h分别处死5只大鼠,测定血液中白细胞介素-1(IL-1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、肠型脂肪酸结合蛋白(I-FABP)、D-乳酸(D-LA).结果 与正常组同时间点比较,模型组及治疗组血清中的IL-1、TNF-α、I-FABP、D-LA水平明显升高(P＜0.01);中药各组血清IL-1、TNF-α、I-FABP、D-LA明显低于模型组(P＜0.01),其中高剂量组降低最明显.结论 大柴胡汤能够显著减轻重症中暑大鼠的胃肠道损伤,其机制与抑制炎症反应有关.

Dynamic verification is used extensively in making sure the logical correctness of design. Coverage is often used to measure the progress of the current verification. After the coverage criteria has been met, there may still be potential bugs that have not been detected. This paper proposes a method to help engineers analyze where the potential bug is most likely to occur. We construct a cover framework and propose an algorithm to calculate the probability. Experimental results based on Monte Carlo simulation are agreed with our algorithm.

针对城市中宠物饲养管理普遍存在登记信息和卫生疫苗管理情况混乱、宠物走失事件频发等问题.提出一种新型物联网(IoT)宠物项圈设计.智能宠物项圈核心使用STM32L151C6T6超低功耗单片机作为主控模块,包含窄带物联网(NB-IoT)、NFC、GPS、墨水屏等重要功能与部件,并具有防盗报警功能.软件部分使用C语言进行程序设计,实现了NB-IoT数据上传下载、NFC数据读取写入、丢失报警等功能.

With the development trend of the Intelligent Internet of Things (IoT) society, the infrastructure of the IoT is increasing, and the use of RFID technology as the core of the IoT system is also more extensive. Strengthening the security of IoT infrastructure has become a top priority. Most of these IoT infrastructures are resource constrained, so lightweight encryption algorithms are used to ensure the communication security between IoT devices. This paper proposes a lightweight encryption algorithm named “SWLEA”. The data block length of the algorithm is 32-bit, and supports 32-bit key. The algorithm is mainly applicable to the system with RFID tag chip as the identifier chip.

This paper studies FPGA image processing, and proposes two methods to improve FPGA image processing acceleration, data reorganization and multi-processing modules. Both methods use ARM as the data control module. Data reorganization improves the transmission efficiency of the AXI bus by merging data, and the multiprocessing module improves the parallelism of the processing system by adding processing modules. Finally, these two methods are used to realize the low- light image enhancement algorithm combining wavelet transform and Retinex algorithm, and compared with the processing effect on matlab, and good results are obtained.

目的 观察在标准治疗基础上使用破格救心汤治疗脓毒性心肌病的临床疗效.方法 选取脓毒性心肌病患者60例随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组给予常规基础治疗,观察组在对照组基础上使用破格救心汤治疗.治疗后比较两组中医疗效,急性生理和慢性健康状况评分(APACHEⅡ),全身感染相关器官功能衰竭评分(SOFA),心功能指标[平均动脉压(MAP)、心脏指数(CI)、左室射血分数(LVEF)],血乳酸(Lac)及乳酸清除率,炎症因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)],心肌损伤标志物[N端脑利钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnⅠ)],统计机械通气、肾脏替代治疗时间和28 d病死率.结果 观察组的中医疗效优于对照组(P＜0.05);两组治疗后APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组治疗后MAP、CI、LVEF均升高,但观察组改善更明显(P＜0.05);观察组7d后TNF-α、IL-6、NT-proBNP、cTnⅠ水平及乳酸清除率均显著优于对照组(P＜0.05);观察组机械通气及肾脏替代治疗时间短于对照组(P＜0.05),但28 d病死率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 破格救心汤可以提高脓毒性心肌病患者的中医证候疗效,能抑制炎症反应,保护心肌,改善脓毒性心肌病患者预后.

目的 观察破格救心汤治疗脓毒性休克的临床疗效.方法 脓毒性休克患者92例随机分为对照组与观察组各46例.两组均给予常规治疗,观察组加用破格救心汤治疗.分析两组中医证候疗效,检测两组患者治疗前后的急性生理和慢性健康状况评分(APACHEⅡ)、全身感染相关器官功能衰竭评分(SOFA)、平均动脉压(MAP)、中心静脉血氧饱和度(SCvO2)、血乳酸(Lac)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、降钙素原(PCT),并计算乳酸清除率,记录机械通气时间、血管活性药物使用时间、28 d病死率.结果 观察组的中医疗效总有效率为84.78％,高于对照组的71.74％ (P＜ 0.05).与治疗前比较,两组APACHEⅡ、SOFA评分及血清TNF-α、IL-6、hs-CRP、PCT均明显降低,且观察组降低更明显(P＜0.05);与治疗前比较,两组MAP、ScvO2均明显升高,且观察组升高更明显(P＜0.05);观察组12、24、48 h血Lac浓度及乳酸清除率均显著低于对照组(P＜0.05);两组机械通气时间、血管活性药物使用时间、28 d病死率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 破格救心汤可以提高脓毒性休克患者的中医证候疗效,改善病情,显著减轻炎症反应.

目的 观察大黄附子汤治疗脓毒症肺损伤患者的临床疗效.方法 选择2018年6月至2020年6月北京中医药大学深圳医院(龙岗)重症监护病房(ICU)收治的60例脓毒症肺损伤患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组,每组30例.所有患者均给予常规治疗.对照组在常规治疗基础上加用枸橼酸莫沙必利片和双歧杆菌三联活性胶囊治疗;治疗组在常规治疗基础上加用大黄附子汤(组成:大黄12?g,制附子15?g,细辛6?g)治疗,每剂煎煮成200?mL,每日1剂,分3次服用;两组疗程均为8?d.观察两组患者治疗前后序贯器官衰竭评分(SOFA)、急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)、胃肠功能障碍评分、肺部超声B线评分、动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)、氧合指数(PaO2/FiO2)变化;记录两组患者28?d病死率、机械通气时间、ICU住院时间和总住院时间.结果 两组患者治疗3?d肺部超声B线评分较治疗前略降低,治疗5?d和8?d肺部超声B线评分均较治疗前明显降低,以治疗组降低更明显(分:治疗5?d为12.78±2.13比14.32±2.40,治疗8?d为8.59±1.16比9.43±1.35,均P<0.05).随治疗时间延长,治疗组患者治疗3、5、8?d?APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、胃肠功能障碍评分均呈明显降低趋势,PaO2、PaO2/FiO2均呈明显升高趋势,且上述指标与对照组同时间点比较差异均有统计学意义,以治疗8?d变化最明显〔APACHEⅡ评分(分):15.74±3.62比18.21±3.82,SOFA评分(分):3.43±1.22比4.32±1.43,胃肠功能障碍评分(分):6.44±1.49比7.37±1.51,PaO2(mmHg,1?mmHg≈0.133?kPa):86.81±9.87比81.76±9.45,PaO2/FiO2(mmHg):295.88±57.47比265.89±51.64,均P<0.05〕.治疗组患者机械通气时间、ICU住院时间和总住院时间均较对照组明显缩短〔机械通气时间(d):7.35±2.52比9.32±3.31,ICU住院时间(d):9.46±4.23比12.24±5.18,总住院时间(d):14.39±6.72比18.46±7.22,均P<0.05〕;两组患者28?d病死率比较差异无统计学意义〔20.00％(6/30)比33.33％(10/30),P>0.05〕.结论 大黄附子汤能促进脓毒症肺损伤患者胃肠功能恢复,减轻肺水肿,改善呼吸功能,缩短住院时间,缓解病情.

Device-to-device (D2D) communications play a significant role in increasing the capacity of cellular networks. D2D enables direct interaction between mobile users without traversing the base station (BS) and at the same time causes interference between D2D and cellular links which can affect the system performance. To ensure efficient and reliable D2D operations within a cellular network, the related quality of service (QoS) requirement needs to be met in the design of such a system involving both D2D and cellular users in a same network. In this study, we have investigated three different transmission schemes (cellular, D2D and cooperative D2D modes) by deriving the closed-form expressions of key QoS performance such as system reliability, achievable data rate, and energy efficiency for these three transmission schemes. Based on this establishment, we have also examined the effects of using different numbers of parallel relay branches and different number of relays within each branch on the network performance to reveal how effectively the cooperative D2D can enhance QoS in comparison with other transmission methods. The proposed approach can be optimised through adaptively selecting appropriate transmission schemes and, as a result, good trade-offs between system reliability and efficiency can also be achieved under various environmental conditions.

Optimization of winding resistance for litz wire inductors is essential to reduce losses and improve energy transfer efficiency in electrical power systems. In this study, an approximate model for the optimization of winding resistance in litz wire inductors based on Dowell's equation is developed in three frequency ranges. The proximity and skin effects are analysed separately and subsequently combined to obtain an approximation with minimum theoretical error. Two error functions are defined to determine the frequency ranges for which the approximation is valid. Based on this Dowell's model approximation, it is found that, with the other parameters of the inductors fixed, both the porosity factor and conductivity have an optimal value that minimizes AC resistance for the litz wire windings. Thus, expressions for the optimum porosity factor and conductivity are derived, the optimization schemes under different practical engineering conditions are also given. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental measurements, which indicates that the proposed model is valid for three frequency ranges, and the proposed optimization method is practical and suitable.

This article describes the UVM verification platform built with system verilog language, which realizes the functional verification of Direct Memory Access, and achieves verification of the correctness of DUT functions and coverage statistics. The verification results show that DMA functions correctly in different working modes, and the coverage rate has reached 100% collection. The UVM verification platform has high flexibility, can greatly improve the verification efficiency and the reusability of the verification platform, and meet the needs of IC verification.

目的 观察茯苓四逆汤对老年脓毒症大鼠心肌损伤的保护作用并探讨其机制.方法 采用盲肠结扎穿孔术制备老年脓毒症大鼠模型.115只老年雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组、假手术组、模型组、中药低、中、高剂量组共6组,其中正常组15只,余组各20只.造模后给药3 d,观察大鼠一般情况,术后24 h、48 h、72 h检测各组血清肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-6浓度,同时采用Western印迹法检测各组心肌细胞心型脂肪酸结合蛋白、核转录因子-κB蛋白表达水平.结果 中药各组一般情况均好于模型组,高剂量组感染症状最轻,中药各组总死亡率低于模型组(P<0.05);与正常组同时间点比较,模型组血清肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-6浓度及心肌细胞心型脂肪酸结合蛋白、核转录因子-κB蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.01);中药各组血清肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-6及心肌细胞心型脂肪酸结合蛋白、核转录因子-κB蛋白表达等指标的改善优于模型组(P<0.05,P<0.01),其中高剂量组改善最明显.结论 茯苓四逆汤能显著减轻老年脓毒症大鼠心肌损伤,其作用机制与抑制炎症反应有关.

In this paper, a new low temperature coefficient (TC) high power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) bandgap voltage reference is presented in CMOS technology. In order to achieve low TC and high PSRR voltage reference with small area overhead and good practicability, the proposed circuit uses a curvature correction method based on sub-threshold current and a PSRR enhancement circuit. When the power supply voltage is 3.3V, this circuit is devised and verified using 0.18pm CMOS process. The results show the output voltage is constant at 1.247V at room temperature. The output voltage range is 0.674 mV and TC is 3.029ppm/°C in a wide temperature range of -55°C to 125°C. The measured PSRR is 98.36dB at lKHz and more than -44.28 dB at 1MHz.

Random testing is used extensively in functional verification of hardware systems. In practice, testing stops when a certain coverage criterion is achieved. However, testing has the inherent problem of being only able to expose bugs, not prove their absence. Thus, proving whether a potential bug exists or not under current verification efforts would be helpful to measure the completeness of testing. This brief proposes a probabilistic coverage analysis method to quantify the probability of bug existence for sequential circuit verification under random testing. The proposed method consists of an effective formula for computing the probability of a bug (assuming it exists) being detected in a sequential circuit. The formula is time complexity cubic to the number of coverage bins and linear to the number of test cycles. To validate the proposed method, it was implemented in MATLAB to calculate the probability of a bug being detected. Experimental results on 20,116 random instances indicate that, using Monte Carlo simulation, the proposed analysis method has an average absolute relative error of approximately 0.027%, comparing to 7.38% in existing work.

In this paper, we use Python script to read the function detailed description documents of CAN-FD IP, extract the required information according to the main keywords and other information, and automatically generate the qualified System Verilog constrained randomized register configuration stimulator. The simulation results show that the stimulator can meet the design requirements for the configuration of excitation, and can effectively improve the design efficiency of the verification platform.

Timely data services supported by efficient vehicular communications are essential for connected and autonomous vehicles and future transportation systems. In this paper, a cluster-based two-way data service model is introduced to promote efficient cooperation between Vehicle-to-Vehicle and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure communications, or namely V2X, so that the service delivery performance across the vehicular network can be improved. Our results show that the clusterbased model can significantly outperform the conventional noncluster schemes, in terms of service ratio, network throughput and energy cost. Keywords— V2X communications; clustering; service delivery model; energy cost.

目的:观察温脾汤对脓毒症心肌损伤患者疗效及对核转录因子-κB (NF-κ B)的影响.方法:80例脓毒症心肌损伤患者随机分为2组,每组40例,对照组采用西医常规治疗,治疗组配合温脾汤治疗,两组疗程均为8d.观察2组治疗前及治疗第4d、8d血清肌酸激酶同工酶-Mb(CK-Mb)、肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnI)、N-末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、NF-κB、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子--α(TNF-α)含量变化;记录2组急性生理及慢性健康评分(APACHEII评分)、序贯性脏器衰竭评分(SOFA评分)变化,同时比较2组ICU住院时间、死亡患者的存活时间、28 d死亡率.结果:两组治疗后第4d、8 d CK-Mb、NT-proBNP、cTnI、NF-κ B、IL-6、TNF-α水平均较前治疗前下降,治疗组较对照组下降更明显(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);治疗组在下调APACHEII评分、SOFA评分方面优于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);治疗组ICU住院时间(10.35±7.52)d,短于对照组(19.64± 11.57)d (P＜0.01);治疗组死亡患者的存活时间(14.25±6.32)d,对照组(8.25±3.32)d,两组对比有显著差异(P＜0.01);治疗组28d死亡率低于对照组,但无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论:温脾汤能减轻脓毒症心肌损伤患者NF-κ B信号通路激活所致的炎症反应、改善心功能及临床症状、缩短住院时间,远期预后无改善.

In this paper, a four-element MIMO antenna with slots and partial ground plane for 5G communication systems operating at C-band (3.4GHz - 3.8GHz) is presented. It is designed on Rogers RT/Duriod 5880 with a dielectric constant and thickness of 2.2 and 0.787mm, respectively. The dimensions of the slots and the partial ground plane are optimized by applying a heuristic search algorithm, the Hill Climbing, to increase the impedance bandwidth and reduce the mutual coupling between the antenna elements without using a decoupling structure or extra spacing. It achieves a huge bandwidth of 539.4MHz covering 3.2926GHz to 3.832GHz at S 11 ≤ -10dB and resonates at 3.595GHz with a reflection coefficient and mutual coupling of -46.45dB and <; -16dB, respectively. It also achieves an envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of <; 0.017, diversity gain (DG) of ~10dB and channel capacity loss (CCL) of <; 0.18bits/sec/Hz throughout the operating frequency band, respectively.