Cassava is a tropical tuberous root crop, feeding over a billion people globally. However, research on the chemical composition and bioactive effects of cassava leaves remains scarce. Two specific varieties of South China No. 9 (green leaves (G.L.)) and South China No. 20 (purple leaves (P.L.)) were investigated in this study. The components of G.L. and P.L. were analyzed under different extraction methods using ultra-performance liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS). Results showed that cassava leaf extracts are rich in bioactive metabolites such as D-(+)-mannose, trigonelline, rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, and oleamide. To assess the anti-inflammatory efficacy of bioactive compounds, animal models were established. Compared to the histamine group (NA), the group treated with the extracts had reduced epidermal thickness in hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Further analysis revealed a drastic reduction in the number of mast cells in toluidine blue (TB) staining and expression levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-17 and TNF-α) in immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. The ethanolic extracts from the leaves demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory activities, with the extract from G.L. surpassing that from P.L. Transcriptomic analyses propose that the anti-inflammatory effects of cassava leaves may be related to the modulation of genes involved in mast cell activation, such as Cma1, Cpa3, and Fn1, among others. Network pharmacology unveiled that the extract of cassava leaves modulates pathways associated with apoptosis, inflammation, and metabolism. Molecular docking revealed strong binding interactions between 1-stearoylglycerol and oleamide from cassava leaves extracts and the proteins of AKT1, TNF, and BRAF. Overall, cassava leaf extracts seem to be a promising natural anti-inflammatory agent.

With the growing importance of cassava worldwide, developing efficient and eco-friendly fertilizer strategies is crucial for sustainable cassava production. Diverse fertilizer treatments can significantly influence soil properties and plant growth. In this study, we investigated the effects of three fertilizer treatments—organic fertilizer (OF), chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer (CFOF), and reduced chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer (RFOF)—on the fungal community structure, chemical properties (SOM, AP, AN, and AK), and enzyme activities (NP, SC, CAT, and UE) in cassava rhizosphere. Our results demonstrated that these fertilizer treatments significantly enhanced cassava growth and yield compared to the control (CK) without fertilization. Soil chemical properties (SOM, AN, AP, and AK) and enzyme activities (NP, SC, CAT, and UE) were notably improved following fertilization. High-throughput sequencing revealed the significant alterations in the relative abundance of specific fungal taxa. Environmental parameters, particularly UE, SC, CAT, and AP, showed strong correlations with fungal community structure. These findings highlight the critical role of combined organic and chemical fertilizers in promoting cassava productivity and soil health. Understanding these interactions provides a foundation for optimizing fertilization practices to enhance crop yields and support sustainable agriculture.

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is used as a biomass energy material and an effective supplement for food and feed. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) catalyzes the final step of lignin biosynthesis and is responsible for various stresses. However, systematic investigations of the CAD gene family in cassava have been poorly understood. In this study, a genome-wide survey and bioinformatics analysis of CAD gene family was performed, transcriptomics, qRT-PCR, gene silencing and stress of yeast cell were used for excavate and validate the candidate MeCADs gene. 36 MeCADs genes unevenly distributed across 12 chromosomes were identified. Through phylogenetic analyses alongside their Arabidopsis counterparts, these MeCADs were divided into four groups, each containing a similar structure and conserved motifs. Interestingly, transcriptome data analysis revealed that 32 MeCAD genes were involved in the postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD) process, whereas 27 MeCAD genes showed significant changes. Additionally, the relative quantitative analysis of 6 MeCAD genes demonstrated that they were sensitive to PPD, suggesting that they may be involved in the regulation of PPD. Silencing MeCAD13 and MeCAD28 further showed that lignin content significantly decreased in the leaves. The wound-stress tolerance of transgenic yeast cells was enhanced after transformation with MeCAD13 and MeCAD28. MeCAD13 and MeCAD28 may play positive roles in lignin biosynthesis and PPD response, respectively. These results provided a systematic functional analysis of MeCADs in cassava and paved a new way to genetically modify lignin biosynthesis and PPD tolerance.

木薯原产热带美洲,是世界热区重要的粮食作物,也是世界近十亿人的食粮.然而木薯基因组高度杂合、后代分离严重,定向选育难度大、育种周期长,这些因素严重制约着木薯产业的发展.因此,缩短育种周期、定向选育出木薯优良品种是当今育种工作的重点.近年来,随着测序技术的发展以及多组学、基因编辑、遗传转化等核心技术在育种中的应用,木薯育种工作取得了重大突破.本文综述了木薯育种的最新进展,包括木薯种质资源重要农艺性状评价已从传统表型评价发展到表型与基因型的精准评价、木薯参考基因组的组装与注释及关键性状基因资源的发掘、木薯现代育种策略的发展等.此外,本文还讨论了今后木薯育种的研究方向,这将对推动木薯产业发展、服务国家“一带一路”倡议,以及解决世界热区粮食安全和饲料有效供给具有重要意义.

Cassava tuberous root, as a staple food crop and industrial raw material worldwide, is highly sensitive to postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD) caused by wound. However, the molecular mechanism underlying PPD tolerance remains elusive in cassava. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging system is activated at the preliminary stage of PPD and peroxidase (POD) can effectively eliminate ROS. The expression level of MePOD12 and POD enzymatic activity in cassava tuberous roots was considerably up-regulated with PPD occurrence. Yeast two-hybrid and luciferase reporter assay showed that MePOD12 physically interacted with lignin-related cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 15 (MeCAD15) in vitro and in vivo. The MePOD12-silenced tuberous roots decayed more than control, especially stored at room temperature for 3 and 5 days after harvesting. The total antioxidant capacity, activities of POD, SOD, CAT, CAD and lignin content were lower than those of control. Particularly, after harvest for 3 days, the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion substantially increased compared to control. In addition, a proposed model was generated to elaborate the response mechanism of MePOD12 participating in PPD regulation via ROS elimination and lignin accumulation. It provides a new clue for breeding cassava PPD-tolerant varieties.

Despite pigeon pea being an important feed resource globally, very few reports have studied the application of bacterial agents in pigeon pea silage, thereby limiting the development and utilization of pigeon pea silage in animal husbandry. This study aimed to investigate how three bacterial agents affected the chemical composition, fermentation quality, and microbial community of the pigeon pea silage. Chopped pigeon pea was subject to the following treatments: Control [no additive], MFA [Bacillus, Lactobacillus, yeast; 5 g·kg-1 fresh weight (FW)], HECBEP [Bacillus, lactobacillus, yeast, enzymes; 1 g·kg-1 FW] and BFFA [Bacillus, Lactobacillus, yeast; 4 g·kg-1 FW]. After analyzing the chemical composition, fermentation quality, and microbial community of the silage post 30 days of ensiling, the bacterial agents were found to improve the quality of pigeon pea silage. Notably, the BFFA group showed higher dry matter (DM) content, lower pH, and the higher ratio of ammonia nitrogen·total nitrogen-1 (AN·TN-1 ) contents as compared to the MFA, HECBEP, and control group. Additionally, the microbial analysis and Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated that the application of bacteria agent BFFA increased the microbial community richness, Lactobacillus abundance, Firmicutes abundance, and decreased the Proteobacteria abundance. Therefore, these results suggest that bacterial agent BFFA could be recommended to be applied in pigeon pea for high-quality silage production.

As a starchy and edible tropical plant, cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has been widely used as an industrial raw material and a dietary source. However, the metabolomic and genetic differences in specific germplasms of cassava storage root were unclear. In this study, two specific germplasms, M. esculenta Crantz cv. sugar cassava GPMS0991L and M. esculenta Crantz cv. pink cassava BRA117315, were used as research materials. Results showed that sugar cassava GPMS0991L was rich in glucose and fructose, whereas pink cassava BRA117315 was rich in starch and sucrose. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis indicated that sucrose and starch metabolism had significantly changing metabolites enrichment and the highest degree of differential expression genes, respectively. Sugar transport in storage roots may contribute to the activities of sugar, which will eventually be exported to transporters (SWEETs), such as (MeSWEET1a, MeSWEET2b, MeSWEET4, MeSWEET5, MeSWEET10b, and MeSWEET17c), which transport hexose to plant cells. The expression level of genes involved in starch biosynthesis and metabolism were altered, which may result in starch accumulation. These results provide a theoretical basis for sugar transport and starch accumulation and may be useful in improving the quality of tuberous crops and increasing yield.

为了探讨涂蜡处理对木薯常温贮藏品质的影响,该研究以木薯品种'华南 9 号'块根为试材,设置在鲜木薯切成约 10 cm的根段两端用吗啉脂肪酸盐果蜡(5%)涂蜡处理,以清水处理为对照,测定木薯块根在常温[(25±1)℃]贮藏期间的失重率、呼吸强度、颜色、硬度、可溶性固形物和脂肪酸含量的变化.结果表明,与对照相比,涂蜡处理显著降低了木薯常温贮藏期间的失重率(P<0.05),抑制了木薯的呼吸作用,延缓了木薯块根切口色泽 L?值和硬度的降低,而对可溶性固形物没有显著影响;同时,涂蜡处理显著提高了木薯中 5 种脂肪酸(十三烷酸、棕榈酸、反油酸、亚油酸和 α-亚麻酸)的含量(P<0.05),而对十一烷酸和硬脂酸含量没有显著影响;另外,涂蜡处理能够显著提高木薯不饱和脂肪酸的含量和脂肪酸不饱和度(P<0.05).以上结果表明,涂蜡处理可有效保持木薯块根在常温贮藏期间的品质.

The reactive oxygen species (ROS) signal regulates stress-induced leaf abscission in cassava. The relationship between the function of the cassava transcription factor bHLH gene and low temperature-induced leaf abscission is still unclear. Here, we report that MebHLH18, a transcription factor, involved in regulating low temperature-induced leaf abscission in cassava. The expression of the MebHLH18 gene was significantly related to low temperature-induced leaf abscission and POD level. Under low temperatures, the levels of ROS scavengers in different cassava genotypes were significantly different in the low temperature-induced leaf abscission process. Cassava gene transformation showed that MebHLH18 overexpression significantly decreased the low temperature-induced leaf abscission rate. Simultaneously, interference expression increased the rate of leaf abscission under the same conditions. ROS analysis showed a connection between the decrease in the low temperature-induced leaf abscission rate caused by MebHLH18 expression and the increase in antioxidant activity. A Genome-wide association studies analysis showed a relationship between the natural variation of the promoter region of MebHLH18 and low temperature-induced leaf abscission. Furthermore, studies showed that the change in MebHLH18 expression was caused by a single nucleotide polymorphism variation in the promoter region upstream of the gene. The high expression of MebHLH18 led to a significant increase in POD activity. The increased POD activity decreased the accumulation of ROS at low temperatures and the rate of leaf abscission. It indicates that the natural variation in the promoter region of MebHLH18 increases antioxidant levels under low temperatures and slows down low temperature-induced leaf abscission.

BACKGROUND:Magnesium chelatase plays an important role in photosynthesis, but only a few subunits have been functionally characterized in cassava. RESULTS:Herein, MeChlD was successfully cloned and characterized. MeChlD encodes a magnesium chelatase subunit D, which has ATPase and vWA conservative domains. MeChlD was highly expressed in the leaves. Subcellular localization suggested that MeChlD:GFP was a chloroplast-localized protein. Furthermore, the yeast two-hybrid system and BiFC analysis indicated that MeChlD interacts with MeChlM and MePrxQ, respectively. VIGS-induce silencing of MeChlD resulted in significantly decreased chlorophyll content and reduction the expression of photosynthesis-related nuclear genes. Furthermore, the storage root numbers, fresh weight and the total starch content in cassava storage roots of VIGS-MeChlD plants was significantly reduced. CONCLUSION:Taken together, MeChlD located at the chloroplast is not only required for chlorophyll biosynthesis and photosynthesis, but also affecting the starch accumulation in cassava. This study expands our understanding of the biological functions of ChlD proteins.

Cassava is a tropical root crop that is sensitive to low temperature. While the transcriptome for cold-responsive genes has been extensively studied, information on their regulation is largely unavailable. Here, we conducted assays of plant morphology, the transcriptome, and open chromatin in cassava under moderate cold stress (10 celcius). We observed reversible morphological changes in cassava plants under continuous cold stress, in which plants showed wilting of the apical leaf blade and petiole at 5 h and recovery at 48 h. Consistently, distinct expressional dynamics for genes in response to cold were detected at 5 h and 48 h in both tissues. We examined the genome-wide DNase I-hypersensitive sites (DHSs) and their dynamics using cold-treated leaf blades and petioles. We revealed that cold-induced DHSs (coiDHSs) substantially differed among tissues and treatments. However, the putative coiDHS-derived transcription factors (TFs) largely co-occurred across tissues and treatments, and 61 TFs commonly shared by all samples were isolated. A putative functional network with 30 interconnected TFs was created. The frequent empirical interactions among these TFs indicate their roles in the cold response. Notably, we found that the two pairs of known cold-responsive TFs AGL20-RGA and ERF5-ERF105 showed highly frequent co-occurrence in coiDHSs. Moreover, the binding-site distances differed among TF pairs or samples, indicating that there are preferred distances between cooperative TFs and that such distances may depend on biological conditions. The identification of conserved TFs and their cooperativity provides valuable information for elucidating the transcriptional networks underlying cold gene expression in cassava.

Postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD) caused by wounding is one of the main constraints that affect the development of cassava industry. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the PPD are unknown. In the present study the adaptive response to wound stress was analyzed in combination with transcriptome and metabolome in four kinds of PPD phenomenon from cassava tuberous roots. The results indicated that starch, β-carotene, (-)-epigallocatechin, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, and L-epicatechin were altered in the wounded tuberous roots. Moreover, the ROS scavenging system was activated at the PPD preliminary stage. Transcriptome analysis further showed that the strongly induced genes were mainly related to carbohydrate metabolism, signal transduction, and polyketide metabolism. Twenty-eight differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the flavonoid pathway were preferably enriched. The relative quantitative analysis of seventeen genes demonstrated that they were responsive to PPD. Fifty-one differential flavonoid metabolites were detected in widely targeted metabolome profile, among which, luteolin, kaempferol, (-) epicatechin, phloretin, and naringenin were enhanced during PPD. The virus-induced gene silencing of MeCHS3 and MeANR showed that tuberous roots changed tolerance to PPD, and the total flavonoid and anthocyanin contents in leaves were changed. Therefore, the candidate genes and metabolites in flavonoid pathways could participate in PPD regulation. In addition, a proposed model was generated to elaborate the response mechanism of flavonoids under wounding stress, thus providing a future direction for breeding PPD-tolerant cultivars of cassava.

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) leaves are often used as vegetables in Africa. Anthocyanins possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and other biological activities. They are poor in green leaves but rich in the purple leaves of cassava. The mechanism of anthocyanin's accumulation in cassava is poorly understood. In this study, two cassava varieties, SC9 with green leaves and Ziyehuangxin with purple leaves (PL), were selected to perform an integrative analysis using metabolomics and transcriptomics. The metabolomic analysis indicated that the most significantly differential metabolites (SDMs) belong to anthocyanins and are highly accumulated in PL. The transcriptomic analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are enriched in secondary metabolites biosynthesis. The analysis of the combination of metabolomics and transcriptomics showed that metabolite changes are associated with the gene expressions in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. In addition, some transcription factors (TFs) may be involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis. To further investigate the correlation between anthocyanin accumulation and color formation in cassava leaves, the virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) system was used. VIGS-MeANR silenced plant showed the altered phenotypes of cassava leaves, partially from green to purple color, resulting in a significant increase of the total anthocyanin content and reduction in the expression of MeANR. These results provide a theoretical basis for breeding cassava varieties with anthocyanin-rich leaves.

为了探讨涂蜡处理对木薯低温贮藏条件下品质的影响,以'华南5号'木薯为试材,测定了木薯根段两端涂蜡处理后在低温(4±1℃)贮藏期间的失重率、呼吸强度、颜色、硬度、可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量的变化.结果表明,与对照相比,涂蜡处理显著降低了木薯低温贮藏期间的失重率和呼吸速率(P＜0.05),保持较高的木薯硬度,而对木薯根段切口色泽L*值和可溶性固形物含量没有显著影响;同时,涂蜡处理也延缓了木薯贮藏前期果糖、蔗糖和可溶性总糖含量的升高和贮藏后期其含量的降低,而对葡萄糖含量没有显著影响.因此,涂蜡处理在一定程度上保持了木薯在低温贮藏期间的品质.

木薯(Manihot esculenta Crantz)属大戟科木薯属热带作物,具有耐干旱贫瘠等特性,木薯叶片富含蛋白质,块根富含淀粉但是缺乏类胡萝卜素,是热带低收入人口的主粮.国家木薯产业技术体系"十三五"期间关于木薯产业问题指出,类胡萝卜素是粮饲化的重要指标,类胡萝卜素也是维生素A的前体物质.本文在前期研究中筛选到与类胡萝卜素生物合成相关转录因子MeGAMYB,MeGAMYB是一种受GA响应的转录因子.为了研究其如何介导GA促进类胡萝卜素生物合成的分子机制,明确其与类胡萝卜素含量及其生物合成途径基因的相关关系,本研究用50 mg/L浓度GA3处理培养40 d的'SC9'茎秆水培苗,在0、3、6、9、12 h取根、茎、叶和叶柄样品检测类胡萝卜生物合成中相关基因的表达情况以及在0、1、2、3、4 d检测类胡萝卜素含量,平行对照用水处理,结果显示:类胡萝卜代谢途径中相关基因以及类胡萝卜素生物合成受GA3诱导,其中叶片在处理4 d时α-胡萝卜素含量最高达到0.19μg/g,是对照的1.2倍;叶片中β-胡萝卜素含量在GA3处理3 d时最高达107.73μg/g,是对照的1.25倍,叶黄素和玉米黄质的含量在处理4 d内都随着GA3处理时间延长含量呈不断增加的趋势.而类胡萝卜素生物合成相关基因如MeLCYB、MeCRTISO、MeZDS、MePDS、MeBCH、MeVDE、MeXAN和MeAAO等和转录因子MeGAMYB的表达量受GA3均上调,其中MeLCYB、MeCRTISO、MePDS、MeBCH、MeAAO和MeXAN等基因的表达趋势与转录因子MeGAMYB的表达趋势一致.本研究可以看出,GA3能促进木薯类胡萝卜素的合成,通过调控类胡萝卜素生物合成相关基因的表达来促进类胡萝卜素的积累,但是具体的调控机制还需要进一步阐释.本结果为研究木薯类胡萝卜素代谢调控机制提供候选功能基因与转录因子,为阐述木薯类胡萝卜素生物合成的机制奠定基础.

糖转运蛋白(sugar will eventually be exported transporter,SWEET)在植物运输糖类、生殖和发育、逆境性、与病原体互作等方面发挥着重要作用.选择木薯糖转运蛋白Mesweet18基因沉默的靶基因区域,通过病毒诱导的基因沉默(virus-induced gene silencing,VIGS)技术注射木薯SC9的盆栽苗叶片.qRT-PCR结果表明,Mesweet18在沉默植株中的表达量显著下调,分别是对照的46.80％、30.23％、21.12％.叶片叶绿素和可溶性糖含量检测结果表明,与对照相比,叶绿素a、b和总含量均出现不同程度的下降,蔗糖和果糖含量显著增加,而葡萄糖含量出现轻微下降.研究Mesweet18在木薯中的分子功能,为深入研究糖转运蛋白SWEET在木薯中的分子机制奠定了基础.

[目的]木薯是世界十亿人的口粮,选育高营养型品种是木薯育种的重要目标之一.通过对白心和黄心糖木薯薯肉代谢物及基因表达分析明确其差异,为高营养型木薯品种改良提供理论依据.[方法]采用超高液相色谱(UPLC)分析薯肉β-胡萝卜素含量,气相色谱质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析薯肉糖含量,液相色谱质谱联用技术(LC-MS)分析薯肉代谢物,并对差异代谢物进行通路富集分析,采用qRT-PCR对关键基因的表达进行分析.[结果]黄心糖木薯β-胡萝卜素含量、淀粉含量、半乳糖含量、果糖含量显著高于白心木薯,而蔗糖含量和海藻糖含量显著低于白心木薯,葡萄糖含量与白心糖木薯无显著差异.以白心糖木薯为对照,利用代谢组学方法检测到2719种代谢产物,其中267种代谢物发生显著变化,其中黄心糖木薯中上调差异代谢物163个,下调104个,主要涉及能量代谢、脂肪酸代谢、氨基酸代谢、苯丙烷生物合成、淀粉和糖代谢以及类黄酮代谢.267种差异代谢物被注释到74个代谢通路中,其中59种差异代谢物显著或极显著影响18个代谢通路.前10位发生极显著改变的代谢通路分别是亚油酸代谢、α-亚麻酸代谢、ABC转运、丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢、丙酮酸代谢、氨酰tRNA生物合成、氧化磷酸化、碳代谢、乙醛酸和二羧酸代谢和TCA循环.与白心糖木薯相比,黄心糖木薯中淀粉合成相关基因表达上调,淀粉降解相关基因表达下调,β-胡萝卜素合成相关基因均上调.[结论]黄心糖木薯薯肉β-胡萝卜素、淀粉、半乳糖和果糖含量高,而白心糖木薯薯肉中蔗糖和海藻糖含量高.黄心糖木薯脂肪酸代谢途径、淀粉及半乳糖代谢途径、苯丙烷生物合成及类黄酮代谢更活跃,而白心糖木薯氨基酸代谢途径和能量代谢途径更活跃.

As a starchy and edible tropical plant, cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has been widely used as an industrial raw material and dietary source. However, the metabolomic difference in different colors of cassava storage root is unclear. In this study, two specific germplasms WFSR with white flesh of storage root and PFSR with pink flesh of storage root were used as research materials. A previous study found that WFSR was rich in sucrose and fructose, PFSR was rich in starch and glucose. Combined metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis indicated that sucrose and starch metabolism had SCMs enrichment and highest degree of DEGs, respectively. Sugar allocation of storage roots may contribute to sugar transporters SWEETs activities (MeSWEET1a, MeSWEET2b, MeSWEET4, MeSWEET5, MeSWEET10b and MeSWEET17c), which transport hexose in plant cell-to-cell during source-to-sink process. The expression levels of the starch biosynthetic and metabolic genes were altered may result in starch content accumulation. These results provide a theoretical basis for source-to-sink, and then improve quality and increase yield of tuberous crops.

The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins are a large superfamily of transcription factors, and play a central role in a wide range of metabolic, physiological, and developmental processes in higher organisms. However, systematic investigation of bHLH gene family in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has not been reported. In the present study, we performed a genome-wide survey and identified 148 MebHLHs genes were unevenly harbored in 18 chromosomes. Through phylogenetic analyses along with Arabidopsis counterparts, these MebHLHs genes were divided into 19 groups, and each gene contains a similar structure and conserved motifs. Moreover, many cis-acting regulatory elements related to various defense and stress responses showed in MebHLH genes. Interestingly, transcriptome data analyses unveiled 117 MebHLH genes during postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD) process of cassava tuberous roots, while 65 MebHLH genes showed significantly change. Meanwhile, the relative quantitative analysis of 15 MebHLH genes demonstrated that they were sensitive to PPD, suggesting they may involve in PPD process regulation. Cyanogenic glucosides (CGs) biosynthesis during PPD process was increased, silencing of MebHLH72 and MebHLH114 showed that linamarin content was significantly decreased in the leaves. To summarize, the genome-wide identification and expression profiling of MebHLH candidates pave a new avenue for uderstanding their function in PPD and CGs biosynthesis, which will accelerate the improvement of PPD tolerance and decrease CGs content in cassava tuberous roots.

Soil microbes play an important role in the ecosystem and have a relationship with plant growth, development, and production. There are only a few reports on the effects of planting patterns of cassava on the microbial community structure in the rhizospheric soil. Here, we investigated the effects of different fertilization on the microbial community structure in the cassava rhizospheric soil. SC205 cultivar was used in this study as the experimental material. Compound fertilizer (CF) and reduced fertilizer (RF) were applied to the soil prior to planting. Soil samples were collected before harvest, and fungi were analyzed using IonS5TMXL sequencing platform. Results showed that CF and RF treatments significantly increased cassava yield. Amplicon sequencing result indicated that the fungi richness in rhizospheric soil of cassava was increased after CF was applied, and the diversity was decreased. However, the fungal diversity and richness were decreased in rhizospheric soil after RF was applied. The most dominant fungal phylum was Ascomycota, which increased after fertilization. In addition, the abundance of beneficial fungi such as Chaetomium increased after fertilization, while that of pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium solani was decreased. The composition of the fungal community in rhizospheric soil with CF and RF applied was similar, but the richness and diversity of fungi were different. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicates there was a positive correlation between soil nutrition and fungal community structure. Overall, our results indicate that fertilization alters the fungal community structure of cassava rhizospheric soil, such that the abundance of potentially beneficial fungi increased, while that of potentially pathogenic fungi decreased, thereby significantly promoting plant growth and yield of cassava. Thus, during actual production, attention should be paid to maintain the stability of cassava rhizospheric soil micro-ecology.