五维地震数据通常是指宽方位、宽频带、高密度(“两宽一高”)采集的地震数据经过保方位角处理后形成的蜗牛道集,因其保留了方位角信息,为解决更复杂的地下各向异性地质问题提供了数据保障.如何挖掘五维数据的应用潜力是地震资料解释人员面临的新挑战.本文首次提出了炮检距—方位角域五维内插方法,实现了五维地震数据可视化,即实现了柱状道集显示以及共方位角道集、共炮检距道集、道集切片的显示和抽取;同时以可视化为基础,首次提出了方位统计法计算各向异性强度、绘制玫瑰图的方法,克服了传统椭圆拟合法不能描述多组裂缝的缺陷,提高了裂缝预测精度.
基于Fillipone公式的地震地层压力预测方法因其具有算法简单且不依赖于钻井数据和正常压实趋势线等诸多优点而被广泛应用于钻前压力预测.针对Fillipone公式中岩石速度上限和下限的确定存在经验性或区域局限性等问题,利用等效介质理论弹性模量边界算法,借助Voigt模型和Reuss模型、基于钻孔资料计算岩石速度上限和下限,进一步结合井地联合反演所获得的高精度层速度、密度,可以实现高精度地层压力预测,有效解决了岩性复杂区的压力预测问题,并在实际生产应用中取得了较好的效果.
After four time infilling adjustments in SN Block of Daqing Oil Field, currently well density has reached 53 wells/km 2. But some difficulties still remained, such as sand distribution relationship between wells is unclear, micro-relief structures between wells cannot be characterized, and so on. According to the special geological condition and actual data, multiple methods are adopted such as geological statistical association simulation, ant tracking method and 3D curvature properties to study in the oil-water transition zone in the test area. SP association simulation technique was optimized to identify one-meter thickness reservoir. Micro-relief structures between wells could be reflected by curvature properties and ant-tracking attribute jointing wells information can identify subtle fault features. Application of these multi-methods can identify micro-faults and micro-structures, and subtle reservoirs.
