为解决负压束管监测系统气体传输过程中组分和浓度易失真,以及现有正压束管监测系统管路抗压性差、井下分布式正压泵难以远程控制的问题,提出了通过管路本身实现对正压泵远程控制的设计思路,研制了一种输气与控制共用管线的高正压束管监测系统,采用不同长度的管路验证了正压泵远程控制方案的可行性,并采用不同长度管路进行高正压输送气体试验.试验结果表明:输气管路的最优管径为8 mm;正压泵的最优输出压力为2.5 MPa;输气与控制共用管线的高正压束管监测系统不仅解决了气体组分和浓度失真问题,而且实现了远程控制启停正压泵和小流量、高正压输送气体,从而大幅缩短了气体传输时间,提高了煤矿自燃火灾监测的实时性.

针对东林煤矿4#煤层容易自燃的特点,采用了实验室实验研究与现场实践相结合的手段对东林煤矿4#煤层的低温氧化特性进行深入研究.结果表明,4#煤层以CO作为煤自燃的主要指标性气体,以C2H4 、C2H6和C3H8等气体作为辅助指标性气体,并将该成果应用于3409封闭工作面异常高温区的监测,成功启封了3409高温异常工作面.实践证明,以CO为主的标志性气体对煤低温氧化自燃过程有较准确的预测预报效果,并对类似急倾斜易自燃煤层自然发火的综合防治具有重要的参考和示范作用.

To counter to the shortcomings of easy water loss, weak bearing capability and by-product pollution of common water glass gels, a new plastic water glass accelerant was selected for the modification test of the water glass gel. The test results showed that when the mass ratio of water, accelerant ( NHC) , water-holding material ( SPA) and plastic material ( SU) in the gel material was 1 500 ∶ 160 ∶ 2 ∶ 3, the water glass gel had better water-holding and plastic effect, which overcame the shortcomings of common water glass gels.

针对煤自燃预测预报时采用的负压束管监测系统存在环境空气易漏入束管中,使所监测到的气体浓度和成分不能真实反映被监测地点实际情况的问题,基于正压输送气体方式的最大输送压力不受真空度限制且大于环境压力,气体在输送过程环境气体不可能进入束管等优点,提出以正压作为检测气体的输送方式,研制一种正压束管监测系统.利用不同长度的束管进行正压输送气体试验,试验及理论计算结果表明:正压输送动力是负压输送动力的4.3倍,采用正压输送气体不仅缩短了气体的输送时间,而且保证了气体浓度不变.正压束管所测得的数据能够真实反映出煤自然发火状态.

针对龙华煤矿3-1煤层30106及30107工作面埋深浅,工作面上方存在2-2煤层大漏风火区,火区范围广等难题,结合2-2煤层火区的特点,采取了注浆封堵技术、注氮防灭火、30106及30107工作面均压通风等综合治理措施,使30106工作面上方钻孔内的CO体积分数由12 000× 10-6降至300×10-6以下,上隅角CO体积分数基本维持在24×10-6以下,确保了工作面的安全回采.

As for the situation that it is difficult to extinguish fire after spontaneous combustion in coal mine,adopting the method of sealing fire zone,but it is prone to spontaneous combustion as fire zone unsealed,so crossing point temperature method is used to study the reasons. Different quality of coal samples are tested to get crossing point temperature under best quality coal sample,and different oxidation temperatures are used to get the changes of cross point temperature after cooling for initial oxidation,and then re-oxidation.Combined with infrared analysis,it deduces that the active groups in the center of coal fire will react completely after the coal spontaneous combustion,so it is difficult to spontaneous combustion again,but,the coal that is away from the center point affected by the heat will change the physical and chemical conditions,coal samples is prone to adsorb oxygen and transfer heat,and easy to spontaneous combustion. when the sealing fire zone opened,it is important to pay special attention to the coal spontaneous combustion which is away from the coal spontaneous combustion center,to prevent the spontaneous combustion of coal.

In order to analyze Retarding Mechanism of chemical retarder to prevent coal spontaneous combustion,a solution with 1%～20% sodium persulfate was selected for the chemical retarding treatment of the coal samples and then the coal sample with clean water treatment was taken as the references.The programmed temperature rising oxidized method was applied to the simulation oxidization test of the coal samples and from the macro view,the variation of the coal spontaneous combustion features was analyzed before and after the retarding.The FT-IR was applied to the test of the coal samples and from the micro view,the coal sample variation law of the main active base was analyzed before and after the retarding of the coal samples.The comprehensive analysis showed that at the low temperature stage,the retarder with 5% sodium persulfate would have a good effect.The sodium persulfate retarder could make the active base in the coal to form stable etheric,alkyl and polycarboxylate and could effectively prevent and cure the coal spontaneous combustion.

Inhibitor is commonly used to prevent spontaneous combustion of coal in domestic and foreign coal mines.Inhibitor can be divided into physical and chemical inhibitor,the former is currently in heavy use,so more extensive study was made on its inhibition mechanism;the latter is seldom used,so there is no corresponding study on the chemical inhibition mechanism.This paper systematically summarized the inhibition mechanism of the physical inhibitor,and the chemical inhibitor was used for retardant treatment of the coal samples,the coal samples treated with water was regarded as a reference,finally a conclusion was reached that the sodium persulfate can be used as a chemical inhibitor for the prevention of spontaneous combustion of coal.The chemical inhibition mechanism was summarized and the compound inhibition mechanism was proposed through the analysis on the experimental phenomena and results.

通过对老石旦煤矿16402工作面采空区回风侧氧气浓度变化规律分析,确定了按氧气浓度划分采空区氧化自燃带范围.在分析低瓦斯矿井采空区自燃三带的基础上,结合压实区范围对氧化自燃带进行了修正.

Using sodium per sulfate destroys or reduces sulphide and high reactivity functional group in coal, and raising barriers of coal react with oxygen at low temperature, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing coal combustion. Several kinds of coal inhibitors are tested with programmed temperature - rise oxidation method and gas chromatograph, and then we macroscopically analyze the change of coal samples after the reaction. At the same time, we use FT - IR to analyze the microscopic change of coal. We conclude that sodium per sulfate can use for preventing coal spontaneous combustion.