针对激光岩心分析仪在应用过程中的问题,有关技术人员开展了基于创新型QC小组活动,对激光岩性分析仪进行小型化研制.通过QC活动,设计优选了技术方案,研制出的小型化激光岩性分析仪体积、重量均得到显著下降,通过创新型QC活动可以有效解决录并行业技术问题,促进录井技术的发展.

钻井新技术的发展及其推广应用,在提高钻井时效的同时,钻井产生岩屑的粒径变小,给常规岩屑录井带来了困难.近年来,基于激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)的岩屑岩性识别技术取得了较好的效果,但该技术仍需要人工采集、清洗岩屑样品,并存在钻遇地层岩屑样品代表性难以准确控制、岩屑岩性识别结果与钻遇地层真实岩性之间具有一定差异等问题.为了解决上述问题,提出了利用LIBS在线识别岩屑岩性的技术构想,在实验室构建了试验平台,探索了激光器光源功率对岩屑样品LIBS信息的影响,通过优选光源功率,提高了岩屑样品LIBS信息的采集精度,进行了干样与湿样、疏松与压实状态下岩屑样品的LIBS检测,发现不同状态下岩屑样品的LIBS特征较为稳定,岩屑样品的LIBS特征与其状态无关.试验结果表明,录井过程中岩屑样品无需处理,可以直接检测,即利用LIBS技术在线识别岩屑岩性可行.

油基钻井液的应用降低了摩阻,确保了钻井施工安全,提高了钻井时效.但是,岩屑样品却受到严重污染,难以准确识别岩性.分析了油基钻井液对岩屑录井造成的不利影响,提出了在油基钻井液条件下基于激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)信息的激光岩屑录井技术,并对比分析了相同位置岩屑样品剥蚀前后LIBS强度相关性.结果 表明,利用LIBS可以有效解决页岩气勘探开发中岩屑录井的技术难题.

基于激光诱导击穿光谱技术的激光在线识别岩性技术的研究成功与应用,实现了钻遇地层岩性的连续自动识别.针对一些环境因素影响其应用效果的情况,基于激光在线识别岩性技术原理,分析了水蒸气、激光器功率、上部地层岩屑、油基钻井液污染四大主要影响因素的不利影响,进一步给出了消除不利影响的处理措施.现场实际应用情况表明:采用相应的处理措施后,激光在线识别岩性技术可实现钻遇地层岩性信息的准确检测,沉积岩岩性识别符合率不低于85.72％,验证了该项技术的可靠性和先进性.

为实现在录井现场对岩性和油气快速、自动识别以及对孔隙快速分析成像,引入了激光技术.从激光技术在实现岩性、油气检测和孔隙成像中的关键因素着手,对激光器选择、发射波长选取、拉曼效应放大和重组分拉曼光谱分离等方面进行了适应性技术研究,形成了激光诱导击穿光谱岩性识别技术、激光扫描共聚焦储集性能评价技术和拉曼激光油气实时评价技术.应用表明,利用激光技术检测岩性平均符合率达88.0％,孔隙度分析最大误差7.9％,气体组分检测分辨率达百万分之一,与同类录井技术相比具有分析快速、数据准确和操作简便等优点.研究认为,通过激光技术在录井现场的适应性研究,增强了录井工程在岩性和油气快速识别、孔隙结构分析等方面的能力,为智能录井提供了一种新的技术手段.

为最大限度提高油田采出程度,针对哈萨克斯坦让纳若尔油田低渗透率薄层碳酸盐岩油藏,开展了水平井开发部署方案和水平井地质设计等关键技术研究,提出了水平井开发低渗透率薄层碳酸盐岩油藏技术方案,从水平井合理长度的确定、水平井井网部署方式、水平井位置及轨迹三方面进行详细设计论证,并进行了现场录井地质跟踪导向方法研究与实际应用,对水平井开发技术的实施效果进行了验证.最终开发效果显示,水平井产量是直井产量的近5倍,表明水平井开发低渗透率薄层碳酸盐岩油藏取得了显著的地质成效和经济效益,为类似油田水平井开发部署提供了借鉴.

This paper mainly investigates the ability of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy to discriminate the sedimentary facies of untreated rock samples. Twenty-seven continental and 14 marine sediment samples identified by geologists were used as samples to be analyzed. The line intensity of B, the integral intensity ratio of B/Ga, Sr/Ba, and Fe/Mn lines are used as the discrimination basis for discriminating the deposition phase. Because B, Ga, Sr, and Ba are very low in the rock and are not evenly distributed, a small amount of sample is difficult to distinguish. The content of Fe and Mn is relatively high, so Fe/Mn can distinguish the terrestrial and marine sediment samples well. Overall, the best distinguishing performance was exhibited with respect to other discrimination based on Fe II 259.940 nm/Mn II 259.372 nm. The results show that laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy can quickly and accurately discriminate the sedimentary facies of rock samples at the logging site.

By preparing seven kinds of rock cutting samples with different moisture content, experiments were conducted to study the effect of moisture content on laser-induced rock cuttings plasma properties and the method for correcting the concentration of each element in different moisture content. The variation of the intensity of the Ca 422.67 nm line with the moisture content of the rock cutting samples was studied. The average plasma temperature under different moisture contents was calculated by the Boltzmann-plot of the four lines of Ca II and Al I. The electron density of the plasma with different moisture contents was obtained by using Lorentz fitting of the Ca 422.67 nm line.The results show that with the increase of moisture content, the spectral intensity, plasma temperature, electron density all decrease linearly and there are also great differences in the quantitative analysis results of the calibration free models for each element, but the laser-induced cuttings plasma with different moisture content all meet the Mc Whirter criterion of local thermodynamic equilibrium and the calibration free model can be used for the analysis and simple correction of moisture content effects.

石油快速钻井技术的推广与应用在提高机械钻速的同时,也缩短了钻遇地层岩屑样品捞取时间,同时岩屑样品粒径变小,给岩屑录井带来难以准确识别钻遇地层岩性的不利影响.针对录井工程面临的技术难题,录井技术人员研究出一系列光谱检测识别岩性技术.为进一步对比不同光谱岩性识别技术的优缺点,分别阐释了基于光谱检测技术的X射线元素录井技术、X射线衍射录井技术、激光识别岩性技术的原理及技术特点,对基于激光诱导击穿光谱的谱图识别岩性、元素组合关系识别岩性、砂岩-泥岩-碳酸盐岩三角图板识别岩性、Ca/M g比值数据识别碳酸盐岩等多项技术进行了重点分析,并给出了录井施工应用实例,描述了现有技术存在的技术缺陷,探讨了成分检测在今后岩性识别中的发展方向.

为解决现有录井传感器功耗高、低功耗无线录井传感器成本高的问题,通过分析测试现有综合录井仪传感器功耗,基于光伏太阳能发电原理,研制出基于现有录井传感器的光伏太阳能供电系统,实现了现有高功耗传感器的无线化改造,形成太阳能无线传感器.现场应用结果表明,光伏太阳能供电系统保证传感器正常工作,节约了能耗,同时,该成果也为综合录井设备系统实现光伏太阳能供电及远程录井技术的应用提供了发展思路,有利于提升综合录井系统装备水平.

为了进一步提高油气勘探开发过程中非烃气体录井技术水平,通过分析CO、CO2、H2S 3种气体光谱特征,制定了针对CO、CO2、H2S气体的光谱检测方案,其中:CO、CO2气体采用电调制非分光红外光谱法(NDIR)、H2S气体采用二极管激光吸收光谱法(TDLAS)进行连续检测;根据技术方案,设计开发3种气体检测功能模块,经过系统集成,研制出具有连续检测功能的SLA-2型非烃气体光谱录井仪.现场录井应用表明,该仪器性能满足设计要求,实现了钻井过程中非烃气体的光谱连续录井.

沉积岩颜色在研究沉积环境、帮助地质技术人员提高勘探开发效益方面具有重要作用,岩屑录井的传统方法是依靠现场地质技术人员对岩屑样品的颜色直接进行识别,因而存在着诸多影响因素.激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)识别岩性技术是录井技术研究的重要方向,近年来取得了阶段性成果.LIBS可以同时检测样品中同一元素不同化合价状态下的含量信息.为利用该技术自动识别岩石样品颜色提供了理论基础.为证实LIBS自动识别颜色的可行性,开展了相关实验分析,以两种已知颜色(紫红色、灰色)的泥岩岩心样品作为研究对象,研究了其颜色与特性元素Fe、Mn特征波长之间存在的规律性,并利用未知颜色的岩屑样品进行了验证.

石油科技成果对于促进油田企业发展具有重要作用,根据课题解决问题不同,石油科技成果有不同的类型,有些科技成果具备标准化的可行性.探讨了石油科技成果的分类方法、标准化的条件及优选标准,分析了科技成果标准编制工作中重点关注的事项,介绍了中原油田近年来石油科技成果标准化的成绩.

By using MFC,a software has been designed for the user interface of Infrared Spectral Logging unit based on the theory of Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy(DOAS).This software combine with a variety of techniques,such as least square method,multi-threaded programming technologies,the software implemented spectral acquisition,spectral displaying,spectral saving,concentration inversion of the paraffin gas and also the real-time transmission by the serial port.The result showed that the software was stable and reliable,and can display the real-time concentration of the alkene gas and satisfy with the factual logging needs.

QC activity started by logging construction teams of some geological logging company is taken as the research object,and QC activity status of logging construction team is analyzed.Next,based on listing several chief problems existing in the daily QC activity,some methods or approaches are presented about how to improve the quality of QC activity carried out by spot logging construction teams.

激光诱导击穿光谱（LIBS）已经被证明是极具潜力的物质定性、定量分析工具之一。将激光诱导击穿光谱结合自组织映射神经网络技术,引入到石油勘探录井领域,对五类岩心样品（火山灰岩、泥岩、页岩、砂岩、白云岩）进行了岩性自动分类,为以后在录井现场实现岩性在线快速识别奠定基础。使用构造特征变量和主成分分析两种方法对原始光谱进行特征提取,相应的特征参量和主成分分别作为自组织映射神经网络的输入变量。两种输入方式下,神经网络对全部44块岩心样品岩性分类的准确率分别为75%和86%。其中以主成分作为网络输入变量,对火山灰岩、砂岩、白云岩的分类准确率可达100%。实验分析表明:在进一步提高对泥岩和页岩的区分能力后,LIBS有望成为录井领域新的岩性快速识别技术。

As traditional gas logging based on vapour phase chromatography has a longer analysis period,lots of aided equipment and difficult to be maintained,this paper studies the on-line detection of alkane during oil exploration in series.An infrared spectral logging equipment independently based on the theory of Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy(DOAS)was designed.In the equipment,the PC104was used as the main control unit,and the MFC as the software framework.A variety of techniques,such as the least square method,polynomial fitting,multi-threaded programming technology were employed in the software.The equipment implemented the spectral acquisition,display,and saving.Moreover,the concentration inversion of the alkane gas and the real-time transmission by the serial port also were realized.Finally,the equipment was analyzed with a standard gas,and the error is less than 3%.The result shows that the equipment can analyze the real-time concentration of alkane gases and satisfy the factual needs of the logging industry for its stability and reliability.

In this paper,differential optical absorption spectroscopy(DOAS) technology was used to develop a hydrocarbon gas detection experimental system.The parameters of the absorption spectrum and absorption cross-section of methane can be obtained by using this device,which is usful to carry out the experimental analysis of the methane concentration retrieval algorithm.The experimental results show that,under normal temperature and pressure,the liner regression coefficient R2 between methane detection results and standard concentration is 0.9998,the error is less than 3%,and the minimum detection limit of methane can reach 0.01%.These results will helpful for the futher research and development of a spectrum logging analyzer to detect hydrocarbon gas.

近年来,中原油田地质录井处的发展步入快车道,企业规模、产值、效益迅速提高,中原录井人的精神面貌也焕然一新,但由于近年来职工队伍的迅猛扩增,外闯市场职工总数的增加以及近年来新分大学生,使部分职工对于录井处的企业文化了解程度有所淡化,为了更加有效地促进录井处的发展,充分发挥企业文化的作用是非常重要的一项举措。

录井工程作为石油工程领域之一,在油气勘探开发工作中具有无可替代的作用,其质量的高低直接关系着油气勘探开发效益.录井工程的质量管理工作受自身行业特点影响,尽管取得了显著成绩,但仍存在一定问题.文中对录井工程领域的质量管理存在的问题进行了分析,并有针对性的给出了解决措施,提出了相应建议.