Greenhouse feeding, Fixed-poi nt monitoring of two years and classification survey were used for studying dynamic distribution of banana Basilepta fulvipes in hekou. the results show that harm of banana Basilepta fulvipes closely associated with humidity, temperature, and in proportion to the field growth and decline regularity which harm was happened. The humidity and temperature during December to March next year is lowest in a year, its harm rate and pest index is lowest ,it is only between 0~3.08%and 0~0.77. the temperature was very high in May to September, but the rainfall only in May to June and August to September are most, which appeared twice peak, harm rate and pest index reached two peeks. The harm rate were 28.67~57.22% and 31.56~32.78% .The pest index were 7.17~14.61 and 7.58~8.22. The Basilepta fulvipes has three generations, generations overlap, adult emergence in May, June, August and early November, the maximum peak between the May and June. The adult's occurrence regularity are positive correlation between the greenhouse and the field.The distribution difference of heat and rainfall are obviously which affect the population dynamics distribution and harm of Basilepta fulvipes in different areas. the harm degree of the banana Basilepta fulvipes from serious to slight is east, west then south central. In addition tohe occurrence of mountain temperature inversion mostly appears in south central, the higher the altitude, the lower temperature, the more number of species breeding, the heavier harm under the condition of normal rainfall. .
According to landform and physiognomy of Hekou county, occurrence and harm of the banana anthracnose were fixed-point monitored, classified and surveyed in east region, west region and middle south region. The results showed that harm of banana anthracnose maintained a lower level between January and March, occurred in the early April, kept in a high peak between August and middle December, and then reduced by degrees after December. Harm rate of banana anthracnose was very high all the year round. Its monthly mean harm rate is 38.44%. And its monthly mean disease index is 0.81. The difference of harm rate of banana anthracnose reached significance level among west region, east region and middle south region. Its monthly mean harm rate is 49.61% in west region, 35% in middle south and 30.72% in east region. The harm rate is influenced by different altitudes, but its difference doesn't reach significance level.
Fixed-point monitoring and classification survey was investigated in order to study the occurrence regularity of banana scab in Hekou Yunnan. The results showed that the occurrence and harm in banana scab are seriously impacted by rainfall and temperature in Hekou. It occurred from the end of April or the early May, and the disease quickly spread in July. Especially, the high peak appeared in September to October, at the same time the incidence of banana scab disease is 80% to 100%, that kept until December. The different cultivation areas had the different resistance to the harm rate and disease index of banana scab, the harm rate was 65.5%in southeast region, 51.44%in the middle of south region, 48.78% in west region. The higher the altitude, the higher the harm rate and disease index. The study results are important for production.
Lucuma nervosa is an evergreen tropical fruit tree. It gives a brief introduction to the achievements from basic study regarding the cultivation, seedling breeding, adaptability, phytochemical and molecular biology, etc.. And will thus assist re-searchers for further study.
Manihot esculenta,also known as cassava,is a kind of energy crops distributed mainly in the south part of China.As an important tropical crop,Manihot esculenta planted in Hekou regions showed poor in yield due to the single cultivar and serious degradation.Therefore,experiment of varieties introduction and cultivation was carried out by Honghe Institute of Tropical Agricultue.The ideas for future development are also metioned in this paper.
Several commercial tropical fruits varieties,belong to Artocarpus heterophyllus、Hylocereus undatus、Persea americana respectively(known as Malaysian Jackfruit 1,dragon fruit and avocado) were introduced to Hekou area for adaptive cultivation test.The results from experiment for 4 years indicated that all performed good in the main agronomic characteristics like well-grow,production cycle and yield with strong stress-resistance.It`s thus recommended to be planted in Hekou area.
In this paper, we review the cultivation and development progress of the characteristics and advantages of Arabica coffee industry in Hekou of Yunnan, analyze the superiority and inferiority of this industry, and point out the main problems in developing. Then, we put forward some concrete suggestions for its further development.
High quality and high yield of the new banana variety 'Hongyan 1' was contrasted with the domestic main planting varieties in resent years.The result showed that the average fruit quality of all varieties for three years were that 'Hongyan 1'=23.52 kg 'Brazil banana'(CK)=23.06 kg 'Williams 8818'(CK)=22.99 kg 'Zhangzhou 1'(CK)=22.79 kg,but all did not reach significant level(P0.05).Furthermore,other main characteristics were tested,which would have a positive influence on the production and utilization of 'Hongyan 1'.
The biological characteristics of Basilepta fulvipes were studied by laboratory breeding and field investigations.Larva of B.fulvipes could be observed to overwinter in soil and pupate during late March with 3 generations and overlapping generation each year in Hekou,Yunnan province.The eggs were laid in surface soil and old leaves,mostly together.The numbers of eggs were from 6 to 30,maximum to 60.The eggs began to hatch after 7.95 days,the last after 12.54 days.
We established regression equation based on the investigation on the site, practical interviews, data collection and order, the principle of habitat similarity and biological resource developing similarity and climate comparability. Analyzed the climate condition for planting Coffea arabic other than advised on how to move forward.
Fruit tree of Hylocereus spp.has been cultivated in Hekou of Yunnan Province for four years.The cultivation techniques including land selection and design,breeding,orchard management and fruit harvest,etc.are then concluded in this paper.
Occurrence and damage banana Basilepta fulvipes were studied by the methods of fixed monitoring and classification investigate in twelve thousands banana of Hekou.the Results show that the banana was damaged by Basilepta fulvipes year-round but damage peak more than three times each year.That respectively is April to May,July to August and October.Banana is least affected by the Basilepta fulvipes in December to march the next year.From the occurrence and damage extent all area,the banana of eastern is most serious affected by Basilepta fulvipes,followed by western and center south is more lighter than others places.Occurrence and damage banana Basilepta fulvipes are associate with the elevation's height and climate factors.The higher elevation,its damage index and damage rate is the lower.In other words,occurrence and damage banana Basilepta fulvipes associate with high temperature and high humidity environment.Control experimental results show that the experimental three insecticides are effective for controlling banana Basilepta fulvipes,45% of mlathion EC of 1000 times is the best.Among the three Insecticides,insecticides may provide a good control effects for Basilepta fulvipes in of banana female flower bloom,otherwise,the control effect may be reduced or control failure.
Through measuring the fed leaf areas of Brassica parachinensis by the different phase larvae of Plutella xylostella, it was achieved the change tends of feeding amount about the larvae of Plutella xylostella. Moreover, cumulative feeding amount indicated the damage level to the extent on the pest to the post. More of important, the authors carried out mathematic model simulation by SAS and Matlab system by utility of data from the experimental outcomes. First, the relationship between feeding amount of per larva and time was that:f (t)=a1*sin(a2*t+a3)+a4*sin(a5*t+a6)+a7*sin(a8*t+a9) (R2=0.8832). Then, the Logistic model of cumulative feeding amount of per larva and time was that:y=429.6285/[1+exp(0.66963-0.51935t)] (R2=0.9621, p<0.05).
By the immerse leaf feeding method,toxicity test results of 6 pesticides indicated that they can control B.fulvipes,25% bifenthrin acetamiprid pyridaben EC,25% chlorantraniliprole acetamiprid pyridaben EC,25% chlorfenapyr acetamiprid pyridaben EC,25% Spinosad acetamiprid pyridaben EC had better insectical activities against Basilepta fulvipes Motschulsky,and LC50 values were 23.519 8 mg/L,7.432 3 mg/L,23.602 6 mg/L and 15.977 7 mg/L,respectively.45% Fenpropathrin EC and 20% Fenpr-opathrin EC had lower insectical activities.
Cassavas were introduced and suitability studied in Hekou County of Yunnan Province. Cassava's main characters were determined.The results show that harvest index of the eight cassava varieties respectively is SC10=0.77SC9=0.69SC7=0.68SC5=0.61205=SC6068=0.59SC8=0.54SC6=0.53,and yield per plant is between 10.7and 35.2 kg.Yield per plant of SC10,SC7 and SC6068 is the highest as follow:71kg,48 kg and 47 kg.These results show that these cassavas have a lot space about yield.Starch content of the eight cassava varieties respectively is SC10=28.9 g/100 gC205=23.7 g/100 gSC6068=22.9 g/100 gSC6=21.7 g/100 gSC8=20.8 g/100 gSC7=20.7 g /100 gSC9=18.2 g/100 gSC5=16.6 g/100 g.These research results may stimulate development of Hekou county cassavas industry