可控震源高效采集地震资料中谐波噪声压制是一难点,虽然一些传统的基于稀疏优化的方法能够压制数据中的谐波噪声,但是由于使用固定字典,无法自适应地匹配有效信号的波形,存在有效信号损伤较大的问题.为此,提出了一种基于形态成分分析自适应学习字典的谐波噪声压制方法,用于分离原始相关后地震资料中谐波噪声干扰.首先对原始数据进行单道截取及分块处理组成样本集,然后利用K-奇异值分解(K-SVD)学习得到超完备字典,进而应用字典原子的振幅谱比将字典分类为有效信号子字典与谐波噪声子字典,最后应用形态成分分析(MCA)理论将所得的子字典分别用于重建谐波噪声和有效信号,实现压制谐波噪声的目的.合成数据与实际数据的应用结果表明,基于自适应字典学习的可控震源数据谐波噪声压制方法在保护地震有效信号的同时能够有效压制谐波噪声.此外,对比近炮点数据和远炮点数据的谐波噪声压制结果可以看到,该方法对有效信号的损伤小于固定字典谐波噪声压制方法,具有良好的保真性与鲁棒性.

通过岩心和薄片观察及样品物性分析,对玛湖凹陷玛2井区下乌尔禾组的沉积相进行了再认识,并对其有利储层的发育规律及分布特征进行了研究.结果表明:研究区下乌尔禾组为一套冲积扇入湖形成的扇三角洲沉积,并非之前所认为的水下扇沉积;其沉积物总体显示牵引流和重力流交替沉积作用过程;可进一步识别出扇三角洲平原、扇三角洲前缘及前三角洲3个亚相,以及泥石流、漫流、扇面河道、水下分流河道、碎屑流、支流间湾、河口坝、远砂坝、前三角洲泥及滑塌等10个微相,其中水下分流河道及碎屑流沉积非常发育;沉积微相类型对储层的储集物性和含油性等具有明显的控制作用,其中水下分流河道、扇面河道微相内发育的牵引流砂砾岩储层泥质杂基含量低,储集性能好,为研究区的有利储层.各沉积时期内发育的水下分流河道、扇面河道砂砾岩体是研究区开展后续油气评价及开发的首选目标.

Based on the characteristics of heavy mineral combination, seismic facies, wave impedance inversion, the single well and multiwell facies section as well as the high-resolution sequence stratigraphy, the sedimentary provenance and sedimentary facies of the second member of Xiazijie formation in Bai-21 well block in Junggar basin are analyzed. The result shows that the Xiazijie formation developed an alluvial fan and the sedimentary provenance is in direction of north to slight west; the second member of the Xiazijie formation developed five sedimentary cycles, the lower two cycles are dominated by braided stream channel deposit and the upper three by lateral margin of braided stream zone and over bank sand, reflecting the reducing process of the fan sedimentary scope.

The reservoir characteristics including lithology,lithofacies,pore type of the Carboniferous volcanic rocks in the 6th,the 7th and the 9th areas of Karamay oil field are analyzed based upon core observation,thin section identification,scanning electron microscope analysis and well logging interpretation.The reservoir pore space types,relationship between the reservoir spaces and flowing passageway and main parameters affecting the reservoir quality are also studied.The results indicate that the major rocks are lava which includes basalt and andesite,pyroclastics and pyroclastic sedimentary which includes volcanic breccia,tuff and sedimentary tuff.Three types of reservoir spaces including vesicles,pores and fractures can be classified based on the pore structures,and the primary and secondary pores can be identified based upon origin.The major controlling parameters for reservoir quality are petrology,lithofacies and tectonic action as well as weathering and leaching processes.

A set of special tuffaceous rocks compose of ash tuff,bedded tuff and tuffaceous glutenite is partly developed in the Lower Wuerhe formation of Middle Permian in Wuerhe oil field and characterized by high resistivity and low interval transit time on the electriclog curves. Based on the analysis of core,cast thin section,logging and seismic data,it is considered that the tuffaceous clastic rocks are in closed to semi-closed arm of lake environment that is saline and alkaline and shaped by ash-clastic mixed accumulation. Such a reservoir is of feature of dual porosity media.

The genetic types and association patterns of Jurassic Sangonghe sands are analyzed based on core,mud logging and well log data of all exploration wells and development wells in Mobei arc of Junggar basin. The types of sands include subaqueous distributary channel sand,mouth bar sand,distal bar sand,front sheet sand,bank bar sand of shallow-shore lacustrine. The subaqueous distributary channel sand is subdivided into truncated and completed ones. The association patterns are composed of superimposed subaqueous distributary channel sand,superimposed mouth bar sand,assemblage of subaqueous distributary channel-mouth bar sands,assemblage of distal bar-front sheet sands and superimposed bank bar sand. This paper analyzes the time-space distribution of these sand assemblages with different origins,and determines that these sand assemblages are controlled by sediment supplies and varied holding capacities.

Based on the high-resolution stratigraphic principles, the Jurassic Sangonghe Formation is divided into 10 short-term base-level cycles and 2 middle-term base-level cycles. The analysis of sedimentary evolution was carried out based on the short-term base-level cycles. In the period of Sangonghe Formation sedimentation, the 3 kinds of sedimentary conditions (braded-river delta front, meandering-river delta front and shore shallow lacustrine) occurred alternately. In the different sub-periods, there are different microfacies. The microfacies of braded-river delta front mainly include braded sub-water channels and interchannels, debouch bars and mat-shape sands scarcely occur. Meandering-river delta front mainly consists of sub-water meandering branch channels, interchannels, debouch bars, far bars and mat-shape sands; While shore shallow lacustrine consists of mudflats and bank bars. The study result shows in braided-river delta front sub-water channels that superimpose and distribute widely in succession, are favorable reservoirs for structural oil pools and exist in change place of middle base-level from descending to ascending. In center of middle base-level ascending and descending, sub-water channels and debouch bars that distribute isolatedly, are the main microfacies in meandering-river delta fronts. They are advantageous reservoirs for lithologic oil pools.

The detailed description of core from Shinan oilfield in Junggar basin is presented.The study of sedimentary microfacies and facies marker classifications is made by means of sedimentary characteristic of Jurassic Toutunhe formation (J2t2),integrated with well logs and comprehensive logging data.The results show that the rock type of J2t2 is dominated by lithic sandstone with lower composition maturity,reflecting fast sedimentary velocity and complex parent rock composition.For free bi-element structure,the formation features big width-depth ratio and varied location of channel and river island.Its braided fluvial facies is divided into bed subfacies and flood-plain subfacies followed by such microfacies as channel deposit,river island,natural barrier,bank lakelet,fluvial flooding plain and crevasse splay,including their vertical sedimentary sequence features and distribution.

J_1S~(2-2) in Pen5 well block in Mosuowan Oil Field is a condensate gas reservoir with oil ring.Gas zones distribute uniformly on the top of the reservoir.They have a uniform bottom boundary(-3 860m).Below-3 860m,Well M103,M104,M106 and P5 in the north of the structure are oil zones,while M101,M102 and M105 in the south are water zones.No apparent geologic limit is found between oil and water wells.Study on seismic profile,sedimentary phase and reservoir structure shows that J_1S~(2-2) appears as imbricate progradation structure of single sandbody formed from distributive channels sedimented barriers.Study on sealing characteristics of barriers shows that,barriers cannot seal gas zones,but can seal oil zones.Thus the controlling effect of J_1S~(2-2) reservoir is determined.The gas cap is structural gas reservoir,and oil ring is lithologic-structural reservoir.

随着准噶尔盆地油气勘探工作的进一步深化,地震综合研究的目标也逐步深入到复杂构造的精细解释和储层研究的定量化上.本文在石南油气田石南21井区侏罗系头屯河组岩性油藏描述中,利用层序地震学技术,结合钻井资料和合成记录,配合沉积相研究,在区域上对地层进行了对比及小层划分,了解层序的构造演化及沉积演化特征,采用地震相分析研究砂体在地球物理参数及地震波形的几何形态变化特征,利用多种储层反演综合对比分析,减少岩性油藏描述中存在的储层反演多解性和反演结果准确性较差的缺点,滚动式研究,不断深化认识,地震、地质、沉积多学科、多专业紧密结合,探索和总结出了岩性油藏的描述方法.

On the basis of analysis and study on core data, logging curves, drilling and seismic data gathered from 5 evaluation wells( Well Mo-101, Well Mo-102, Well Mo-103, Well Mo-104, Well Mo-105) , well Pen-5 and Pen 6, we obtained the petrological features of of J1s 22. It is considered that reservoirs are medium-fine litharenite, unequigranular litharenite with little fine litharenite, the target zone consists of subaqueous channel,subaqueous natural levee,distributary mouth bar and front sand sheet with sedimentary facies of delta front, and then sedimentary sequence and distribution are described in this paper. Through a systematic diagenesis analysis of J1s 22. reservoir, diagenesis type, diagenesis sequence and their stage can be classified. The author points out that compaction, clay mineral, sensitivity and Soft Lithic Fragment are main factors influencing reservoir.

Detailed descriptions of cores from Ka-001,Ka-002,Ka-003and Ka-6in Ka-6Well Block are presented in this paper.In light of these lithologic features,integrating with well log data and seismic data,six types of lithofacies of glutenite,con glom-eratic sandstone,inaquigran ular lithic sandstone,pure sandstone,siltstone and mudstone are classified into,along with their verti-cal sedimentary sequence features and special depositional structure features,followed by providing sedimentary facies patterns and distribution.It is con cluded that the Palaeogene Zini quanz formation(E 1-2 z),Anjihaihe formation(E 2-3 a)belong to braided river-delta front sub-fa cies.Furthermore,lots of reservoir data from lab petrophysical analysis are studied and the reservoir characteris-tics and qualities are evaluated.

近年测井技术的发展极大地拓展了利用测井信息解决地质、工程问题的深度及广度,利用核磁共振测井、电缆地层测试等资料,可以对油气藏进行综合评价,研究油气藏的控制因素、确定油气藏的压力系统、认识油气藏的性质等.准噶尔盆地的勘探实践证明,基于测井新技术、新方法的测井油藏综合评价技术已经初步形成.图4参4