Objective To retrospectively evaluate the influence of prostate volume on prostate cancer detection using elastography targeted transperineal biopsy. Methods A total of 573 consecutive patients suspicious for prostate cancer were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent combined elastography-targeted biopsy and 10 core-systematic transperineal biopsy.In correlation with prostate biopsy pathology, the sensitivity of elastography-targeted biopsy and systematic biopsy were compared among four subgroups with different prostate volume.Results The overall prostate cancer detection rate was 42.9% (246/573). The increase in cancer detection rate by elastography-targeted biopsies was 9.1% (52/573).In patients with prostate volume of ≤30 ml,30-50 ml,50 -80 ml and >80 ml,the sensitivity of elastography targeted biopsy were 91.1% (72/79),81.3% (87/107),70.5% (31/44) and 50.0% (8/16),respectively ( P =0.000).The sensitivity of systematic biopsy were 77.2% (61/79),77.6% (83/107),86.4% (38/44) and 75.0% (12/16),respectively,in comparison among these four groups ( P = 0.601). For patients with prostate volume ≤30 ml,the sensitivity of elastography targeted biopsy was significantly higher than that of systematic biopsy (P= 0.028). Conclusions Prostate cancer detection rate can be improved by elastography targeted biopsy. Prostate volume is correlated with the accuracy of elastography. The sensitivity of elastography targeted biopsy is higher in patients with a smaller prostate gland.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic performance of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging in assessing liver cirrhosis preoperatively in infants with biliary atresia (BA).Methods A total of 64 consecutive infants with BA who underwent ARFI imaging in 3 days before Kasai surgery were recruited.Virtual Touch Quantification mode was used to measure shear wave speed (SWS),All infants with BA underwent liver biopsy during the surgery.The mean SWS of infants with and without liver cirrhosis were compared and analyzed.The diagnostic efficacy of SWS was observed using ROC curves.Results Liver cirrhosis was found in 8 of 64 infants.The mean SWS in infants with cirrhosis was significant-ly higher than that in infants without cirrhosis ([2.51±0.50]m/s vs [1.74±0.31]m/s,t=6.039,P＜0.001).The cutoff value of SWS for predicting liver cirrhosis was 2.16 m/s,the area under ROC curve was 0.930 (P＜0.001),and the diagnostc sensitivity and specificity was 87.50％ and 92.86％,respectively.Conclusion ARFI imaging is helpful to predic tion of liver cirrhosis in infants with BA preoperatively.It may be an effective method for clinical management and prognosis prediction in infants with BA.

目的 探讨三维彩色血管能量成像(3D-CPA)评估乳腺浸润性导管癌预后的价值.方法 回顾分析82例手术病理证实的浸润性导管癌患者的3D-CPA资料,获取并比较预后相关指标不同的肿瘤间3D-CPA参数,包括肿瘤内血管指数(VI)、血流指数(FI)和血管-血流指数(VFI)差异.结果 直径＞2 cm、病理Ⅲ级、伴腋窝淋巴结转移、孕激素受体(PR)表达阴性肿瘤,其VI值高于直径≤2 cm、病理Ⅱ级、无腋窝淋巴结转移和PR表达阳性肿瘤(P均＜0.05);直径＞2 cm、雌激素受体(ER)表达阴性肿瘤FI值高于直径≤2 cm、ER表达阳性肿瘤(P均＜0.05);直径＞2 cm、病理Ⅲ级、PR表达阴性肿瘤VFI值高于直径≤2 cm、病理Ⅱ级和PR表达阳性肿瘤(P均＜0.05);而不同人表皮生长因子-2表达肿瘤间VI、FI和VFI值差异无统计学意义(P均＞0.05).结论 预后相关指标不同的乳腺癌3D-CPA参数存在差异,对预测预后具有潜在的临床应用价值.

Objective To explore the accuracy of three-dimensional ultrasound with virtual organ computed aided analysis(VOCAL) technique in assessment of rabbit's liver volume by comparison with CT.Methods Thirty rabbits' liver volume were calculated with VOCAL and CT,and then compared to actual volumes respectively.The actual liver volume was measured with immersion method.Results There was no statistical difference among results of VOCAL,CT and the actual volume(all P0.05).The error of the VOCAL and CT method was 8.40%±4.40% and 6.68%±4.45%,respectively.The correlation was good between VOCAL results and the actual volumes(r2=0.880,Y=9.146+0.826X,P0.001).Conclusion Three-dimensional ultrasound with VOCAL technique can measure the rabbit's liver volume accurately,therefore providing a new method for in vivo measurement of the volume of irregular organs.

Objective To investigate the value of retraction phenomenon in coronal plane at threedimensional ultrasonography(3D-US) in preoperative assessment of prognostic factors in breast cancer.Methods Surgical resection specimens of 66 malignant breast lesions in 66 women who had undergone 3D-US were included.The presence of the retraction phenomenon in the coronal plane was evaluated.Pathologic prognostic factors,including tumor size,histologic grade,lymph node status,estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status,and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Cerb-B2) and p53 expression were determined.Correlation of the retraction phenomenon and prognostic factors was analyzed.Results The retraction phenomenon was correlated to the tumor size,histologic grade,and estrogen and progesterone receptor status.Compared with the breast cancer without the retraction phenomenon,the tumor foci with the retraction phenomenon were more likely to show a smaller diameter less than 2 cm (73.7％ vs 46.4％,P ＜0.05),a lower histologic grade with grade Ⅱ (88.2％ vs 42.9％,P ＜0.01),and a higher positive rate of ER and PR (86.8 ％ vs 64.3 ％,P ＜0.05;81.6 ％ vs 57.1％,P ＜0.05).The lymph node status and the expression of the CerB-2 and p53 in the two groups had no significant difference (P ＞0.05).Conclusions The retraction phenomenon in the coronal plane of three-dimensional US may be useful in the noninvasive prediction of prognostic factors of breast cancers.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of three-dimensional ultrasound virtual organ computer-aided analysis (VOCAL) technique with different rotational steps in measurement of rabbit’s liver volume. Methods The liver of thirty rabbits underwent three-dimensional ultrasound examination, the volume of the liver was calculated by VOCAL technique with different rotational steps (30°,15°,9°,6°) respectively. The actual rabbit’s volume measured with immersion method was served as reference standard, the accuracy of different rotational step in measuring the volume was compared. Results The volume of the thirty rabbits’liver was (60.31±12.96)cm3 , (55.66 ±10.23)cm3 ,(55.51 ±9.76)cm3 , (56.02 ±10.89)cm3 with different rotational steps of 30°,15°,9°,6°. The actual volume was (56.33±10.90)cm3 with immersion method. There was significant difference between actual volume and volume measured with rotational step of 30°(P0.05),there was no significant difference between actual volume and the volume measured with different rotational steps of 15° ,9° ,6° (P0.05).The correlation coefficient was 0.872, 0.880, 0.915, 0.953 with different rotational steps of 30° ,15°,9°,6°.Conclusion 15°,9°and 6°can be used as suitable rotational steps for measuring the volume of rabbit’s liver with three-dimensional ultrasound, and 15°is recommended as the most accurate and convenient rotational step.

目的探讨移行区指数(TZI)在前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)灰区(4~10ng/ml)前列腺癌(PCa)预测参数优化选择中的作用.方法对616例PSA位于灰区并接受经直肠超声(TRUS)引导的前列腺穿刺活检患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.TRUS测量前列腺体积(PV)及其移行区体积(TZV).运用TZI在ROC曲线中诊断敏感性及特异性最佳的界值0.47将总研究样本分为TZI≤0.47组和TZI>0.47组.Logistic回归分析确定各组中的PCa最佳预测参数,并对各组独立预测参数的ROC曲线及其曲线下面积(AUC)进行分析.结果616例患者中,穿刺病理诊断166例(26.9%)为PCa,其余450例(73.1%)为良性病变.TZI≤0.47组包括238例(38.6%)患者,其中97例(40.8%)患者为PCa;TZI>0.47组包括378例(61.4%)患者,其中69例(18.3%)患者为PCa.对TZI≤0.47的患者,前列腺特异性抗原密度(PSAD)为最佳预测参数,其95%敏感性诊断界值为0.12 ng/ml 2;而对TZI>0.47的患者,移行区前列腺特异性抗原密度(PSATZD)为最佳预测参数,其95%敏感性诊断界值为0.179 ng/ml 2.最佳预测参数取100%敏感性时的诊断界值,TZI分组前后可避免的不必要的前列腺穿刺分别为17.7%及25%(P=0.002).结论不同TZI组别中PCa最佳预测参数不同,对TZI≤0.47患者使用PSAD,而对TZI>0.47的患者使用PSATZD分别作为最佳预测参数较分组前仅使用PSAD作为最佳预测参数能使更多的患者避免不必要的穿刺活检.