甘草,又名国老、甜草、甜根子等,来源于豆科植物甘草、胀果甘草、光果甘草,主要功效为补脾和胃、清热解毒、祛痰止咳及调和诸药的作用. 随着现代畜牧业的快速发展,人们对肉鸡的需求量不断提高,但是肉鸡饲养过程中存在长期、大量使用抗生素.

Taking Huoyan goose as the research object, the fluorescence quantitative PCR method was used to study the expression trend of Smad1 gene mRNA on the 13th day（E13）, 18th day（E18）and 28th day（E28） of the embryonic stage of the goose; Hematoxylin-eosin staining（HE staining,Hematoxylin-eosinstaining）, combined with immunohistochemical staining（IHC staining, Immunohistochemistry staining） was used for routine and specific staining of skin tissue. The results of fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that the relative expression of Smad1 gene mRNA showed a downward trend at the three time points of E13, E18, and E28. The relative expression of E13 and E18was significantly different（P＜0.05）, and the relative expression of E13 and E28 is extremely significant（P＜0.01）. The relative expression of Smad1 gene mRNA in E13 skin tissue is about 3 times that of E28 tissue. The results of HE staining and IHC staining showed that SMAD1 was mainly distributed in the whole skin tissues on the 13th day of embryonic stage, including undifferentiated dermis and epidermis, and dermal aggregates; until the 18th day of embryonic stage,SMAD1 was still found in the skin and hair follicle tissues, but showed a negative state at the bottom of the hair follicle.On the 28th day of embryonic stage, the positive expression of SMAD1 was mainly concentrated in the epidermis and hair follicles, and the expression in other parts was significantly reduced.The above experiments show that SMAD1 has a potential regulatory role in the development and differentiation of goose embryonic hair follicles.

Hungarian white goose has excellent down production performance and was introduced to China in 2010. The growth and development of feather follicles has an important impact on down production. Goose feather follicles can be divided into primary and secondary feather follicles, both of which originate in the embryonic stage. Msx2 (Msh Homeobox 2) plays a regulatory role in tissues and organs such as eyes, teeth, bones and skin. However, its regulatory mechanism on goose feather follicles development remains unclear. Msx2 gene first increased, then decreased and increased at the end (E13, E18, E23, E28) during embryonic feather follicle development, and the expression level was the highest at E18. The pEGFP-N1-Msx2 overexpression vector and si-Msx2 siRNA vector were constructed to transfect goose embryo dermal fibroblasts. The results showed that the cell viability of ov-Msx2 group was significantly increased, and the gene expression levels of FGF5 and TGF-β1 genes were significantly down-regulated (P < 0.05), the expressions of PCNA, Bcl2, CDK1, FOXN1 and KGF genes were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05). After transfection of siRNA vector, the cell viability of the si-Msx2 group was significantly decreased (P < 0.01) compared with the si-NC group. TGF-β1 expression was significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05), FGF5 expression was extremely significantly up-regulated (P < 0.01), while PCNA, Bcl2, CDK1, FOXN1 and KGF gene expression was significantly down-regulated (P < 0.05). High-throughput sequencing technology was used to mine the exon SNPs of Msx2. A total of 11 SNP loci were screened, four of the SNPs located in exon 1 were missense mutations. The feather follicle diameter of the GC genotype at the G78C site is significantly larger than that of the other two genotypes. Msx2 maybe inhibit the apoptosis of goose dermal fibroblasts and promotes their proliferation. G78C can be used as a potential molecular marker for downy Variety.

目前,随着养猪业快速发展,集约化和规模化水平越来越高,生产效率得到很大提高,随之而来的一些问题也不断出现.规模化猪场的母猪容易出现繁殖障碍的情况,例如屡配不孕、流产、产死胎或弱仔等情况均可称之为繁殖障碍性疾病.由于此病影响到母猪的配种生产,所以对猪场的经济效益很不利,严重制约养猪业的发展.母猪出现繁殖障碍性综合征的原因可分为两大类,分别是传染病因素和非传染性因素.下面笔者就给大家分析一下母猪出现繁殖障碍性综合征的原因以及解决措施.

1 圆环病毒病 猪圆环病毒作为对猪场危害很大的疾病之一,一旦发作就会导致猪的免疫力下降和生长发育受阻.这个病毒会很快传染给养殖场里面的其它猪,所以一旦有个别猪发病,要及时采取措施避免其快速传播.

初生犊牛心肺代偿不足是指新生犊牛由于各种原因导致体弱而发病,最典型的症状是新生犊牛出现喘息的症状,可由新生犊牛支气管肺炎、异物性肺炎(如少量的羊水入肺)、吸入性肺炎等多种原因引起.同时伴发心率过速、弱仔的情况,可对症治疗,抗炎、清热、预防酸中毒同时加强营养.近年来,由于肉牛市场价格平稳上升,养殖门槛相对低,肉牛在我省又是我省传统的养殖项目,因此肉牛饲养量也逐渐增加.据了解,新加入肉牛养殖业的散养户数量骤增,养殖经验不足,动物饲养环境差,饲料保存不当等多种原因,导致疾病多发,特别是母牛的饲养管理方面,新生犊牛心肺功能代偿不足病例常见,弱畜多见,给养殖户带来较大的经济损失.本文详细记录了笔者在近期临床诊疗中遇到的一例初生犊牛心肺代偿不足病例的诊治过程.

2020 年初以来,新型冠状病毒肆虐全球给人类再次敲响了警钟,地球资源的无度开发利用导致生态系统崩溃、抗生素耐药性和微生物变异给人类生存环境带来不可预测风险,面对这些问题养殖业抗菌素的使用及"限抗"问题应该提到新的高度来认识.

近年来,随着养殖业的不断发展,禽类细菌性疾病感染现象日趋增多.鸡大肠杆菌作为养禽过程中常见的一种致病菌,血清型多达200余种.在养殖实践中,由于抗生素类药物使用不规范,耐药菌株不断产生,耐药性不断增强,导致治疗难度不断加大.鸡大肠杆菌病特别是败血型大肠杆菌病,具有发现难、发病快、治疗难、死亡率高的特点,所以在诊疗过程中,药敏实验尤为重要.正确的药敏实验,不仅可以快速、精准的指导我们选择出抗菌效果好的抗生素,更能减少养殖户的经济损失,达到更好的禽群治疗效果.

养殖业发展直接受动物防疫水平影响,要想提高动物防疫水平便要对其工作内容有着充分的认识.本文对动物防疫工作的重点内容进行分析,随后提出一些做好动物防疫工作的措施,以期对动物防疫相关的工作人员有所借鉴作用.

畜牧业作为一个地区当中的重要构成要素,其对农村经济发展具有至关重要的意义.通过的推广畜牧兽医技术对降低畜牧风险重要意义.基于此,本文对基层推广畜牧兽医技术现状存在的主要问题加以分析,并提出针对性的解决建议.

动物食品已经成为广大人民群众日常生活当中不可或缺的内容,然而近年来时常出现动物食品安全问题,受到广大人民群众的关注.动物防疫检疫工作作为保障动物食品安全的重要工作,因此,做好动物防疫检疫工作对于提高动物食品安全具有重要的意义.基于此,本文提出集中做好动物防疫检疫工作的具体举措,以期对相关工作人员有所借鉴作用.

<正>便秘疝是马属动物疝痛病最为多见的一种胃肠道疾病,在不同致病因素的作用下,使肠管运动机能与分泌机能发生紊乱。导致肠道内容物向后推进缓慢或停滞,而引起肠腔不完全阻塞或完全阻塞,过多的阻塞物会刺激肠道壁扩张充血并发炎症,同时伴发疝痛症候群的一种消化系统疾病。由于肠腔被其内容物阻塞的部位不同,则可规定为小肠便秘及大肠便秘,但临床上小结

鸡减蛋综合征是20世纪70年代后期发现的由减蛋综合征病毒(EDSV)引起的世界性的商品蛋鸡和母鸡产蛋下降的病毒性疾病。其主要病征是产蛋量骤然下降、蛋壳异常、蛋体畸形、蛋质低劣。该病在世界范围内的发生和流行给养鸡业带来了巨大的经济损失。文章从对鸡减蛋综合征的症状和预防措施等方面进行阐述与分析,以为科学防治该病提供参考。