目的了解江阴市近十年常见蚊虫种类、密度和季节消长规律,为有效防治蚊虫、控制蚊媒传染病提供依据。方法采用诱蚊灯法进行监测,分析各蚊种的构成比例、不同环境蚊密度差异及蚊密度的季节消长规律。结果共捕蚊21 182只,蚊密度为1.06只/（灯·h）。捕获的蚊虫隶属2亚科4属5种,其中淡色（致倦）库蚊、骚扰阿蚊和三带喙库蚊为优势蚊种。捕获蚊虫总密度呈波浪式上升,在2014年达到高峰,为1.60只/（灯·h）。所监测的5种生境中以牲畜棚的蚊密度最高,为1.90只/（灯·h）,各生境均以淡色库蚊为主,但不同生境的蚊种构成不全相同（χ~2=997.424,P＜0.001）,差异有统计学意义。总蚊密度季节消长呈单峰,高峰出现在7月,为2.59只/（灯·h）。不同蚊种蚊密度季节消长曲线不同,其中淡色（致倦）库蚊呈单峰曲线,骚扰阿蚊呈双峰曲线,三带喙库蚊则呈三峰分布。不同环境中各蚊种蚊密度均呈单峰曲线,且均在7月达到最高值。牲畜棚峰值最高,为3.99只/（灯·h）;居民区峰值最低,为0.94只/（灯·h）。结论江阴市蚊虫主要防治对象是淡色（致倦）库蚊、骚扰阿蚊和三带喙库蚊,牲畜棚、农户是重点控制生境,建议在每年7月蚊密度高峰来临之前采取综合措施灭蚊,且要在冬季杀灭越冬蚊。

Objective To analyze inoculation timeliness of leprosy vaccine in children in Jiangyin City and evaluate the effect of weekly outpatient screening and telephone notification on the timely inoculation rate of leprosy vaccine.Methods Weekly outpatient screening and notification of leprosy inoculation in Jiangyin City were applied from January 1 st,2015.Children at starting months of age within 2 years before intervention were the control group and children at starting months of age within 2 years after intervention were observation group.The effect of interventions was assessed.Results The timely inoculation rate of the leprosy vaccine in the observation group and the control group were 92.63％ and 90.82％,respectively.The difference between inoculation rates in the observation group and the control group was significant (x2 =76.916,P ＜ 0.01).Meanwhile,there was a significant difference between the curves of cumulative inoculation rate in the two groups (x2 =271.407,P ＜ 0.01).The curve of cumulative inoculation rate in observation group was significantly shifted to the left.The average age of leprosy vaccination in the observation group (8.378 ±0.836) was lower than that in the control group (8.453 ± 1.094),and the difference between the two groups was significant (t =10.258,P ＜0.01).The vaccination month ages when the leprosy vaccine inoculation rate was 90％ and 95％ were lower in the observation group than in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant.Conclusion Weekly outpatient screening and notification can significantly improve the timely inoculation rate of leprosy vaccine in school-age children.The inoculation data analysis tool used in screening can improve the screening efficiency of children of school age and improve the relevance of notification and thus is very helpful for improving the timely inoculation rate.

Objective To grasp the species density and its seasonal fluetuation of primary vectors in Jiangyin City,and to provide scientific support for the control of vectors.Methods Night trapping method is used to monitor the rats density,induced mosquito lamp method monitoring mosquitoes density,cage trap monitoring flies density and glue traps method monitoring cockroaches density.Results The rodent density was 0.05％,with the dominant species were Rattus norvegicus;annual average mosquito density was 0.80/lamp-hour,dominant species were Culex pipiens pallen;the fly average density was 1.46/cage,with the dominant species were Musca sorbens;cockroach density was 1.37/100 glue trap,with the dominant species were Blattella germancia.Conclusion The density of four kinds of vectors is still at a lower level,local dominant species remains the same,to reduce the density,health promotion should becarried out,and comprehensive prevention and control measures with environmental governance should be adopted.

目的 探讨简便、快捷、准确的预防接种证查验和补种完成情况跟踪的方法,评估查验工具的工作效率和优缺点.方法 在Excel 2003环境下利用公式开发预防接种查验工具,使用从《江苏省预防接种个案信息系统》下载的本地区接种数据,开展接种证查验,自动生成最新的学生免疫史档案.使用调查问卷收集完成接种证查验工作耗时,并对工具进行评价.采用t检验比较两组均值,配对t检验比较使用工具前后耗时均值.结果 两组在均不使用工具时,完成50名学生查验耗时(t=1.13,P=0.271)和跟踪分析50名需补种学生补种情况耗时(t=0.48,P=0.633)差异均无统计学意义,合计平均耗时分别1.64h和1.58 h.使用工具组在使用工具后,完成50名学生查验耗时为(0.95±0.77)h,跟踪分析50名需补种学生补种情况耗时为(0.49±0.47)h,与自身未使用工具前比较差异均有统计学意义(t=6.06、4.32,均P=0.000).工具易学易用性评分(8.67±1.81)分,提高接种率作用评分(8.78±1.77)分,使用工具意愿评分(8.67±2.00)分.结论查验工具操作简便、快捷,查验结果准确,可以减少查验工作的工作量,提高查验工作的质量,明显优于手工查验,对维持和提高学龄阶段儿童疫苗接种率有积极作用.

目的 了解2008-2015年江阴市手足口病单次与重复感染情况,为手足口病的防控工作提供理论依据.方法 收集中国疾病预防控制系统中2008-2015年江阴市手足口病数据,筛选出重复感染病例,采用描述流行病学方法分析手足口病重复感染病例的分布特征.结果 2008-2015年江阴市共报告手足口病18 708人次,738例1 510人次重复感染,重复感染率8.78％,其中2次感染704例(95.39％)1 408人次,3次感染34例(4.61％)102人次,15个乡镇均有重复感染病例报告.单次和重复感染的发病高峰均在4～7月;职业以散居儿童和幼托儿童为主;单次与重复感染男女性别比分别为1.47∶1和1.80∶1;重复感染病例发病年龄在90 ～3 776天之间,80.20％的病例集中在0～3岁儿童.重复感染者第1、2次发病间隔为25～2 263天之间,平均466.06天;第2、3次发病间隔71 ～1 193天,平均448.44天;80％的重复感染发生在前次感染2年内.结论 江阴市手足口病重复感染病例存在明显时间、地区和性别年龄差异,且重复感染多发生在前次感染2年内.江阴市手足口病重复感染发生率较高,已感染过手足口病儿童仍应做好防控措施,避免重复感染.

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of severe hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD),and provide basis for intervention measures.Method Investigate all severe cases of HFMD in 2010 and do epidemiological analysis on the survey datas.Results A tatal of 1 300 HFMD cases were reported with the incidence rate of 67.32/100 000.40 cases of severe were reported with the severe incidence rate of 3.08%.1 died and the case fatality rate was 0.08%.There were statistical significant differences of the report disease rate of severe HFMD cases among the counties(P<0.001).The peak of severe HFMD was from May to July,most of them were less than 5 years old,and the main pathogen was EV71 infection.Conclusions The prevention situation of HFMD was serious in Jiangyin.Incidence were different among ages,seasons and places.The children under 5 years old from key regions should be on the alert with early treatment and health education propaganda.At the same time,we should strengthen surveillance and disease burden research on HFMD.

Objective To understand the disinfection quality in nurseries,find the existing problems,and put forward the improvement measures.Method Detect the bacterial number in air by the method of the flat panel exposure,detect the bacterial number of teachers' hands and toys by the method of cotton swab wipe,and detect qualitatively the coliforms in tablewares and tea sets.Results The total qualified rate of disinfection quality in nurseries from 2009 to 2011 was 82.89%.The qualified rates of disinfection quality for each sample were 77.92%,82.02%,78.06%,80.34%,respectively.The difference of qualified rate in different years had statistical significance(χ2=14.84,P<0.05),and the difference between city and countryside also had statistical significance(χ2=27.08,P<0.05).Conclusion The disinfection work of nurseries in rural areas of Jiangyin City was poor,and there was greater security hidden danger.

目的为掌握我市"四害"种群、密度分布及季节消长规律,制订防制措施提供科学依据。方法鼠类密度监测采用夹夜法,蚊类密度监测采用诱蚊灯法,蝇类密度监测采用笼诱法,蟑螂密度监测采用粘捕法,统一用粘蟑纸(规格:17 cm×10 cm)。结果全年鼠密度为0.05%,褐家鼠为优势鼠种;蚊密度为0.39只/h,淡色库蚊为优势蚊种;蝇密度为2.29只/笼,以棕尾别麻蝇为优势蝇种;蟑螂密度为0.70只/张,主要为德国小蠊,农贸市场蟑螂密度显著高于其它场所(2χ=587.25,P<0.005)。结论对鼠、蟑螂的防制应采取加强卫生宣传以及治理环境和化学药物并重的综合治理方针;对蚊、蝇的防制应主要采取搞好环境卫生、清除孳生地的综合治理措施。

<正>为了解江阴市各级医疗机构的消毒质量情况及存在问题,保证消毒质量,防止医源性疾病的发生和传播,根据《消毒技术规范》[1]和《医院消毒卫生标准》GB15982-1995的要求,我中心于2007～2009年

目的掌握我市2009年狂犬病宿主动物伤及受害人情况,提出有效的预防措施。方法对2009年在中心预防门诊就诊,进行伤口处理和狂犬病免疫注射的2 256例病例对其致伤程度、性别、年龄、致伤动物、致伤部位及时间、伤口处理及狂犬疫苗注射等情况进行统计分析。结果 2 256例病人平均年龄34.2岁,男性1073例,占47.56%,女性1 183例,占52.44%;年龄分布上呈现10~岁和40~岁组2个高峰;时间分布上6、7、8月是致伤高峰;致伤部位以上下肢为主,分别占54.30%、35.33%,致伤动物以狗和猫为主,分别占73.67%、16.76%。结论我市城区动物致伤较为严重,加强预防狂犬病知识的宣传,对狗类等动物严格管理,致伤后及时注射狂犬疫苗是预防狂犬病最有效的措施。

Objective extinguish paratyphoid being popular with,put disinfecting measures into practice on the plague spot,and inspect the effect of disinfecting.Methods Adopt the chemistry disinfectant to carry out the disinfecting,taking sample all round on the plague spot,to check the effe-ct of disinfecting.Results After that company switched to use the well water contaminated without disinfecting because running water pipelines were reformed so that the water supply was cut off,the 55 patients generated heating phenomenons altogether whose temperatures are betweet 38 centigrade degree and 39 centigrade degree,part cases,temperatures are above 39 centigrade degree who appear relatively slow pulse,bad appetite,indifferent expression and so on.By that the epidemiology investigation,checking samples,it finds that blood cultivating has 4 A type paratyphoid bacillus,and confirms that A type paratyphoid bacillusarouse outbreak epidemic situation.Going through active digestive tract infectious disease prevention and cure,all-round the disinfecting!and hygienical treatment is carried out on the plague spot,the easy infectious groups are inoculated a emergency typhoid vaccine,as a result,the epidemic situation is quickly under control.Comply with the patient anus dung,excremental pool water,river water,and well water-taking samples to check,as a result,it appears feminine gender.Conclusion With emergency center and medicine attendants controlling and curing,the epidemic situation is quickly under control.Since the first example patient appears till the 25th day,epidemic situation is extinguished quickly,all patients recover from the hospital.After the follow-up,a similar patient does not appear for 1 year,it explains that the effect of handing measures is very good this time.

目的:通过监测了解我市四害种群、密度分布及季节消长规律,为制定防制措施提供科学依据.方法:鼠密度监测采用夹日法、蚊类监测采用人工小时法、蝇类监测采用诱蝇笼诱捕法、蟑螂监测采用蟑螂盒诱捕法.结果:全年鼠密度为0.917%,褐家鼠为优势鼠种;蚊密度为3.306只/人工小时,淡色库蚊为优势蚊种;蝇密度为11.618只/笼,以绿蝇为优势蝇种;蟑螂密度为0.453只/盒,主要为美洲大蠊.结论:对鼠、蟑螂的防制应采取加强卫生宣传以及治理环境和化学药物并重的综合治理方针,对蚊、蝇的防制应主要采取搞好环境卫生、清除孳生地的综合治理措施.

目的:监测"四害"种群、密度分布及季节消长规律,为制订防制措施提供科学依据。方法:鼠密度监测采用夹日法;蚊类监测采用人工小时法;蝇类监测采用诱蝇笼诱捕法;蟑螂监测采用蟑螂盒诱捕法。结果:江阴市全年鼠密度为0.92%,褐家鼠为优势鼠种;蚊密度为3.31只/人工小时,淡色库蚊为优势蚊种;蝇密度为11.62只/笼,以绿蝇为优势蝇种;蟑螂密度为0.45只/盒,主要为美洲大蠊。结论:对鼠、蟑螂的防制应采取加强卫生宣传以及治理环境和化学药物并重的综合治理措施;对蚊、蝇的防制应主要采取搞好环境卫生、清除孳生地的综合治理措施。

为了解我市医疗机构医院污水处理情况,加强辖区内医院污水处理情况的监测管理,保障人民身体健康,江阴市于2004～2005年对辖区内各医疗机构污水进行了全面监测调查.

为了解我市各级医疗机构的消毒质量情况及存在问题,保证消毒质量,防止医源性疾病的发生和传播,根据<消毒管理办法>、<消毒技术规范>(2002版)和<医院消毒卫生标准>GB15982-1995的要求,于2001-2004年我们对辖区内各级医疗机构的消毒质量进行了监测,现将结果报告如下.