随着大地电磁法三维勘探及处理技术的逐步推广,导致数据计算量成倍增长,需要具备高性能计算能力的系统才能满足计算需要.提出基于边缘计算的理念,采用容器技术构建具备大规模计算资源池的分布式计算环境,实现了大地电磁法三维反演的分布式并行计算.基于松耦合的软件架构设计研发了大地电磁法三维反演分布式计算软件,实现了人机交互操作和反演结果可视化.

采用“地质云”模式,开展了大地电磁数据共享研究,用以解决大地电磁数据的管理与共享问题.从架构设计、分类与管理、功能规划、在线处理等方面进行了探讨,重点介绍了大地电磁在线处理流程设计.最后以尼玛盆地工区电磁数据为应用实例搭建了原型系统.与传统数据共享系统相比,系统在遵循“地质云”标准的同时提出了一种新型电磁数据在线处理流程,为大地电磁专题服务在“地质云”共享提供了探索实践.

ABSTRACTWe describe a three‐dimensional electrical exploration system, and its use in carrying out a three‐dimensional survey on a polymetallic deposit located in China's Gansu Province. A time‐domain‐induced polarization method, along with a controlled‐source audiomagnetotelluric method, was used to survey the same station points for comparison. Then, a three‐dimensional inversion based on the incomplete Gauss–Newton method (for time‐domain‐induced polarization) and a nonlinear conjugate gradient (for controlled‐source audiomagnetotelluric) method were developed and applied in order to model the data sets. Four subsurface targets were mapped by the three‐dimensional electrical exploration method. A strong correlation was found between the zones of the revealed ore‐bearing anomalies and the geological setting. Using the results of the three‐dimensional electrical exploration, we revealed the spatial distribution of the ore‐bearing stratum, as well as the relationship between the ore bodies and the stratum. The results potentially provided evidence for future interpretations of deep geological structures, along with evaluations of mineral resources.

从电磁探测软件的需求、设计和技术实现等方面,介绍软件的开发过程和功能.在软件设计与开发中应用软件工程技术流程,分别对时间域激电法(TDIP)、大地电磁法(MT)、可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)和频谱激电法(SIP)四种电磁方法正反演模块的软件集成进行需求分析和系统设计,形成一套完整的开发文档.针对SIP二维正反演计算、CSAMT二维正演计算和MT三维正反演模块应用并行计算技术,达到提高软件计算效率的目的,同时在软件中集成可视化技术与人机交互建模技术,提升软件的实用性.

为满足电磁法三维数值模拟解释对交互建模与可视化网格剖分的需求,利用计算机图形学、人机交互、拓扑关系学等技术,设计了起伏地形下三维矢量交互建模、四面体和六面体网格剖分流程,并开发了软件模块.该软件可提供起伏地形下电磁法三维数值模拟的四面体、六面体网格剖分的实用化工具,提高了电磁法三维在数据模拟与解释方面的可视化程度和计算效率.

物化探数据的应用价值和综合利用潜力巨大,因其多源异构、类型多样,导致管理和利用难度较大.利用云计算技术设计并实现了一个物化探云计算平台,并与"地质云"平台完成对接.平台采用NoSQL数据库保存非结构化的物化探数据,设计了多种属性服务、空间服务以提供物化探的数据服务与计算服务,实现了各类物化探数据的入库、管理、检索、可视化、分析等应用服务,可大大提高物化探数据的资源利用率,为物化探信息高效共享和精准服务作支撑.

采用中国自主研制的"大深度三维电磁探测系统"在甘肃柳园花牛山铅锌矿开展的三维时间域激发极化法探测试验研究成果.对比了单一方向供电与多方向供电探测结果,并对成果进行了地质解译.研究显示:垂直主构造供电三维数据反演结果较为可信,多方向供电数据联合反演有利于提高探测结果的可靠性;利用三维时间域激发极化法探测结果建立三维电性结构模型,对解构地下三维地质结构效果明显;异常与地球物理扫面测量成果及地质资料吻合.根据试验结果弄清了矿体的容矿层位、矿体与地层的关系,可为深部地质结构推断与矿产资源评价提供依据.

In the new era ,profound changes have taken place in our country's economy and society .The geological data work needs to accurately hold the new situation ,clear and definite the new mission ,provide new services and meet the new needs .From the aspects of management system ,ecological civilization construction ,service concept ,high quality development and new technology development ,this paper analyzes the new situation and challenge facing China geological data work in the new era ,and studies the difficulties and shortcomings in the specific management and technical aspects .On this basis ,the study puts forward major problems that need to be solved ,and provides support for decision-making and management of geological data .

Interactive modeling and visualization mesh generation are very important parts in the electromagnetic two-dimensional numerical simulation.Using some techniques such as computer graphics,human-computer interaction,topological relation,etc.,we designed method and process about the two-dimensional vector modeling,quadrilateral mesh generation,triangular mesh generation.In method,it contains measuring lines,measuring points information,etc..Through the study,the corresponding software module was developed.In the he method and software,some triangulation mesh generation and quadrilateral mesh generation utility tools can be provided to solve some related problems in MT and CSAMT.A large number of model tests have been carried out,also good modeling and mesh generation effects were achieved.

首先对多功能电法数据处理解释软件系统(DPEMDataPI)的功能、特点等方面进行介绍,然后对软件系统与多功能电磁探测仪器配套的一个重要环节(即原始数据转换为视电阻率、相位等信息)的处理过程和方法进行总结,最后在一定范围内与国外同类软件比较,结果表明,本软件系统在功能及反演效果方面与国外同类软件相当.同时通过本系统对实测数据的处理反演应用说明,多功能电法数据处理解释软件系统能对多种电法数据进行处理和反演,并取得明显效果.

大深度多功能电磁探测系统,主要由多功能电磁探测仪器、数据采集与处理、电磁二三维正反演模拟等组成.系统研发中,攻克了多功能电磁分布式接收、大功率发射、三分量高温超导磁传感器所涉及的多项关键技术,并研究开发了配套的数据采集、处理与解释技术,系统具备AMT/MT、CSAMT、IP等测量功能.对研发系统进行了与GDP-32Ⅱ的野外对比试验及典型矿区的应用,取得显著的试验应用效果.

To model two dimensional geology models,correctly and efficiently,they proposed the algorithm of ring pursue and the modeling flow by human-computer interaction.This method was the technology based on undirected graphs and tree’s character,and achieving process has following three steps.Firstly,they draw the outline of curves by human-computer,and intersect sides contained curves,and split these curves into sub-curves according to the intersections,and create the indexes be-tween points and sub-curves.Then,they translate undirected graphs into curve graphs,and pursue rings by using these inde-xes and the character of tree structure.Finally,they compute the area of all obj ective rings,and order rings increasingly and construct polygon area.The results show that the modeling flow designed smooth and correct,and the algorithm is smaller than traditional algorithm in the aspects of time complexity and can make up for deficiency of traditional algorithm to search the missing ring.

近年来2.5维复电阻率反演取得了一些理论和应用方面的成果,但计算过程复杂、计算量巨大,特别是正演计算过程中计算量大导致了反演速度较慢.这里在2.5维复电阻率反演计算基础上,将反演算法中的正演过程的排列和频率循环分割成多个规模较小的程序段,并发执行正演过程中的每个排列和频率循环的求解计算过程,并根据并行计算的节点数目或者计算核心数目,动态调整每个节点或者计算核心的计算量,从而提高了算法的计算效率和适应性.

A parallel magnetotelluric ( MT) 3D forward modeling algorithm was implemented on multi-core CPU, and was introduced into the 3D conjugate gradient ( CG) inversion algorithm with MT data for parallel computation. The authors tested the parallel MT 3D forward modeling code with a theoretical model and the parallel 3D inversion code with one synthetic data. A comparison of the execu-tion efficiency was made between serial computation and parallel computation. The results indicate that the parallel 3D forward modeling and inversion computation are correct, and the efficiency of computation is greatly improved.

It is of great significance to study the effect of topography to the magnetotelluric inversion and interpretation.A vector finite-element algorithm has been applied to simulate magnetotelluric (MT) effect of 3D topography models.First,the algorithm was verified by comparison with the modeling result of a 2D ridge model.Then, the effect of 3D topography was simulated for a 3D positive trapezoidal-hill model and a negative trapezoidal-hill model respectively.In addition,we also compared the results of 2D and 3D simulation.The results show that Z xy and Z yx are both affected by the terrain, the difference between 2D TE mode and real 3D response is great,whereas the 2D TM mode response is similar to the real 3D response.If we invert the 3D MT data by a 2D program with terrain,the TM polarization mode inversion is more reasonable.

On the basis of the 2D finite element forward of point source,in order to improve the efficiency of the forward, we improve the algorithm of 2D forward by simplify the boundary conditions and combine the appropriate subdivision technolo-gy.The 2D inversion software that compose of data input,dada display,inversion computation and results out,was formed by introducing the improved algorithm into the dipole - dipole array IP sounding 2D inversion,programming and integration. Through inversion of the theoretical model synthetic data and observed data,results shows that the 2D inversion software effec-tively.

Buried mineral especially deep mineral exploration is very difficult to explore in wide of coverage area in China. The conventional methods do not play a big role, so prospecting must depend on science and technology. This article lists parts of the relative maturity of geophysical exploration achievements,such as the HTS magnetometer, array phase IP systern, phase induced polarization method, seismic survey for mineral etc. ,to summarize the method of characteristics, technical specifications,application examples and effects. These results can be used for prospecting as soon as possible.

The present situation of the service and sharing of geophysical and geochemical data and the sharing ideas as well as the realizing technologies are described briefly in this paper.The service and sharing of the soil reference value spatial database are used as a practical example to explain the publishing technology of dynamic databases with the help of Arcgis Server.

Using cross-sections information to reconstruct 3D model is the important development direction of 3D geological interpretation.In this paper,on the basis of the minimum surface area and the maximum volume method,assimilating the merit of 'the shortest diagonal',the optimal path(OP) algorithm is proposed,and property part of 2D cross-sections are automatically linked into 3D body,and technology of human-computer interaction modeling combining with the technology of computer graphics is formed.This method is simple in principle and easy to implement,also it is better in triangle-connection,which is very meaningful to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the geophysical data interpretation.

Forward modeling is the base of inversion techniques,and the speed of forward modeling and how to store the coefficient matrix from inversion are the key techniques of the gravity and magnetic 3D inversion.An new Gravity and Magnetic 3D forward modeling method with rolling topography is presented in this paper.The principle is that two different scale matrixes with different measurements from forwarding modeling are produced based on the layers partition for inversion vertically, and the forward modeling values of the gravity and magnetic value with rolling topography are directly computed based on the local linear interpolating by taking the topography as the horizontal in the local model space.The forward modeling method increases computing speeds 2 times with keeping high precision,and saves computing memory.The method is also suitable to researching of Gravity and Magnetic 3D inversion with rolling topography.