钢铁多流耦合分布式能源理论是从系统工程学、冶金工业流程学、分布式能源、物理信息系统等理论进展及核心技术突破出发,在理论研究的基础上,以"多能互补、数据驱动、网储一体、区域平衡、源荷交互、极限能效"为主要技术方案,构建能源结构向低碳清洁转变、多种能源输入最佳匹配多种能源需求、减少集中式能源网络传递或转换损失的新型钢铁分布式能源系统.

文章针对钢铁流程中大量余热资源利用效率低的现象进行了深入分析,提出了"一个中心、四个层级"的余热资源梯级利用(RRUC)方法,以填补"能源梯级利用"理论与"现场工程师"实践之间的鸿沟.以某大型烧结冷却机为对象,采用"RRUC"规划方法前后的节能效果进行了分析,结果表明,采用该方法后节能效果明显,实现了效率与效益最大化.

对高炉鼓风脱湿系统除雾器的除雾机理进行了详细分析,在此基础上参考实际运行参数,采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法对除雾器挡板结构内的气液两相流动进行了数值模拟,得到了液滴的运动轨迹以及液滴质量浓度、压力、速度和旋涡分布情况,并对除雾器挡板结构内部两相流场进行了深入分析.结果表明:鼓风脱湿系统除雾器能够对携雾气流中的液滴进行有效的分离,从而保证鼓风脱湿系统连续可靠地运行.研究对除雾器的优化设计和运行具有指导意义.

Baosteel has long been valuing the recycling and reuse of waste heat ( energy) , meantime has achieved great progress on the utilization of low-temperature waste heat over the recent years.The resources and the status of the low-temperature waste heat utilization in the area of Baosteel headquar-ters were described.Several typical low-temperature recycling techniques were introduced such as flue gas waste heat recycling which were applied to heating furnace, annealing furnace, and low-pres-sure boiler.Based on the current working schedule of waste heat recycling, the next phase working di-rection of low-temperature waste heat recycle and prospects of waste heat utilization in Baosteel were analyzed.

The iron and steel industry generally features the characteristics of large volume of energy consumption, multiple sorts of energy medium, complex secondary conversion, more recyclable extra energy, and the energy management of the field may involve the entire personnel, process and system, covering all links from designing, purchasing, energy storage, processing and conversion, distribution, energy use and extra energy recycling. The implementation guidelines summarizes the energy management experience and results and provide a systematic approach for the implementation of GB/T 23331-2012 and GB/T 29456-2012, sharing systematic instructions and suggestions for the implementing paths and methods of creating, implementing, maintaining and improving the energy management system (EnMS) at the enterprise level.

Focused on the solutions of high resistence and high energy consumption of the check valve in a blast furnace sys-tem.Building orifices on the ribs or rounding the ribs was proved to be helpful in reducing the flow resistance of the check valve. Analysis of the flow field and calculation of the pressure loss were completed by using the CFD softwares to simulate the flow in the valve.The potential energy saving of the modified check valve was prospected.

The carrier for iron steel enterprise energy management is a four-layer energy index system whose core is the first law of thermodynamics i. e. the law of conservation of energy. As steel industry has entered into a low profit era,more and more enterprises have struggled to reduce production costs through energy management,but there still exist limitations in the current index system. An energy value management index system with energy costs as its main line is discussed based on the second law of thermodynamics and thermo economics theory,combined with Baosteel practice for many years. The system can overcome the defects of the original index system,accurately calculate and measure the cost impacts on energy management performances,thus reduce the production cost continuously and promote the energy management performances effectively.

回归主流:以“能源价值”为核心的目标体系 宝钢原有的四级能源管理指标体系以能源平衡为基础,在进行节能减排和能源成本管理时遇到瓶颈:不能体现各种能源介质价值量的差异、未能涵盖影响能源成本的所有因素,无法满足能源精细化的要求,也无法体现能源管理全员、全方位、全流程的特性. 以工序能耗指标为例,某一工序消耗的所有能源介质,无论其成本高低都按折算系数折算成标准煤.折算系数由能源介质本身特性决定,与价格无关.比如某一加热炉用1 kg标准煤热值的天然气和高炉煤气,如不考虑燃烧效率差异,其能耗指标是相同的,但工序能源成本相差数倍.

一、宝钢能源管理简介 宝钢是环境友好型产品及服务的提供者,同时,宝钢也是绿色钢铁产业链的倡导者和实践者.宝钢践行环境经营战略,全面推行清洁生产,坚持绿色制造,持续节能环保投入,关键核心的能源环保指标和资源综合利用率达到国际先进水平. 宝钢在技术上,引进消化吸收创新了以"能源中心"为主要特征的钢铁企业能量系统总体优化系统,全面应用干熄焦、高炉余压发电、转炉煤气干式除尘回收利用和高炉富氧大喷煤技术等全流程钢铁企业主要节能减排技术.

<正>"十一五"以来,钢铁企业面临越来越大的节能要求与压力。从外部来看,"十一五"期间,国家把万元产值能耗下降20%列入规划目标,并发起了"千家企业节能行动",作为耗能大户,钢铁企业受到政府的重点关注。2009年温家宝总理在哥本哈根会议上提出,到2020年我国单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40%-45%,作为约束性指标纳入国民经济和社会发展中长期规划。我们已经开始感受到"十二五"期间钢铁企业面临的节能压力比"十一五"更大。

Based on the thermodynamics theory,a pressure-decreasing operation scheme of 1.6 MPa network was proposed,which is comformable with the actual situation of large-scale steel enterprise and can meet the demand of safe and stable operation.The feasibility studies of its implementation in steam source and network were carried out respectively and a conclusion was drawn:according to the fact that the network consumers commonly need use low network pressure,pressure-decreasing operation can decrease the energy quality loss and increase power generation load,thus improve the rate of energy utilization.

Aiming at the subsistent problems of low energy utilization rate in large steam networks in iron & steel corporations, a method of steam cascade utilization was put forward. Based on the thermodynamics theory, the exergy and energy analyses were employed to clear the energy quality loss in the process of reducing temperature and pressure and to know the energy loss of the emissioned steam and the condensed water in order to find the way to improve the energy utilization. The result is of practical significance for enhancing the thermal efficiency and economic performance of the pipe network in engineering applications.

This paper presented the main problems existing in the low pressure steam piping system of large-scale iron and steel enterprise in China. On the basis of analyzing the structure of steam system, some feasible advices are put forward to solve these problems. Using the optimal operation model, the static scheduling planning is provided for monthly operation. In addition, we also provide the dynamic optimal regulation principle for daily operation. The results show that large energy conservation potential could be achieved by the optimal operation planning.

For the purpose of reducing Baosteel's steam emission in summer,in combination with its energy system's balance situation,twenty-one LiBr absorption refrigerators using waste steam heat in service in Baosteel have been analyzed.The result shows that as these units are reliable and powerful,they can meet users'needs.If the operation and water quality control is strengthened,the crystallization phenomenon can be avoided.A plan to popularize this refrigeration technology using waste steam heat so as to reduce steam emission in summer has been proposed according to Baosteel's reality.This technology will benefit the reduction of power consumption and have obvious energy-saving effect.Finally,some suggestions for using LiBr absorption refrigerators in Baosteel are given.

The questions existing in the domestic low pressure steam system of largescale iron and steel enterprise are focused.On the basis of analysis of systematic structure,the optimal regulation model of low pressure steam system is set up.In addition,one iron and steel enterprise is taken as(example) and an empirical research on the result of optimal model is carried out.The efficiency of the model is proved.

In this paper,the feasiblity study on using the lithium bromide steam refrigeration to increase the summer steam load is made for solving the problem of massive steam loss in low pressure steam system.Through the comparison of the calculation of the thermal parameters using the lithium bromide steam refrigeration instead of the electrical refrigeration,it can be found that it realizes heat and power combining with cooling.This enhances the economy of the heat supplying and reduces the steam loss and the difference of the electrical net peak and valley as well.The aim of electricity saving,energy saving and environmental pollution reduction can therefore be realized in BAOSTEEL.

介绍了现代化企业能源管理的特点,开发了包括企业生产流程、技术特点、创新点、主要节能措施和环保技术为主要内容的多媒体能源生产管理综合信息系统.该系统包括能源中心综述篇和以详尽技术资料为主的能源中心专业篇两部分,其中前者有中、英文两种版本.系统采用Authorware作为主要开发平台,使用Access作为数据信息库开发工具,数据信息库与Authorware之间的接口通过ODBC技术来实现,极大地方便了用户对数据系统的更新.此外,本文还对系统开发的设计思想、开发特点和实施方法、应用领域等进行了详尽介绍.

简要介绍了溴化锂制冷机的特点,并用不同的能耗指标对其与电动制冷机的耗能情况进行对比分析.以宝钢5号高炉脱湿冷冻机为例,论述了在公司内部推广使用溴冷机对规划期后公司电力和低压蒸汽系统的意义,并就5号鼓风机脱湿冷冻机的选型问题给出了作者的观点.

本文通过强化管外CFC11与HCFC123沸腾换热系数的对比试验分析与研究,分别得出了HCFC123与CFC11沸腾换热系数,并对这两种工质的实际应用情况进行了分析.