The influence of 3α-androstanediol (3α-diol) on twitch and electroencephalogram (EEG) of the epileptic rats induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) has been observed in this experiment in order to comprehensively explore the role of 3α-diol on epileptic attack from the aspects of behavior and EEG. Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were evenly and randomly divided into 4 groups: the normal and supplied with oil epileptic (N+oil+PTZ) group, the normal and supplied with 3α-diol epileptic (N+3α-diol+PTZ) group, the gonadectomized and supplied with oil epileptic (GDX+oil+PTZ) group and the gonadectomized and supplied with 3α-diol epileptic (GDX+3α-diol+PTZ) group. The changes of the behavior and EEG of epileptic rats in every group were recorded and analyzed. The results of behavior observation showed that the latency to clonic seizure and tonic-clonic seizure was shortened and the number of tonic-clonic seizure was increased significantly in the GDX+oil+PTZ group in comparison with N+oil+PTZ group (P < 0.05); comparing GDX+3α-diol+PTZ group with GDX+oil+PTZ group, or N+3α-diol+PTZ group with N+oil+PTZ group, we found that the latency to clonic seizure and tonic-clonic seizure became prolonged significantly, and the number of clonic seizure and tonic-clonic seizure was decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The results of EEG showed that the latency to epileptic waves was cut and the number of epileptic waves was augmented significantly in the GDX+oil+PTZ group in comparison with N+oil+PTZ group (P < 0.05); comparing GDX+3α-diol+PTZ group with GDX+oil+PTZ group, or N+3α-diol+PTZ group with N+oil+PTZ group, we found that the latency to epileptic waves became lengthened significantly, the number of epileptic waves was reduced significantly and the percentage of change of TP (total power of spectrum) was lessened significantly (P < 0.05). These results indicate that 3α-diol has an antiepileptic activity in the gonadectomized and normal epileptic rats.

Objective:To develop a high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) method with fluorescence detection for simultaneous separation and rapid determination of four amino acid neurotransmitters in rat brain tissues,aspartate(Asp),glutamate(Glu),taurine(Tau) and γ-aminobutyric acid(γ-GABA).Methods:The HPLC column,Dikma Inertsil ODS(250 mm×4.6 mm,3.5 μm) was protected with a security guard cartridge(Dikma,C18,4.0 mm×3.0 mm).The precolumn derivatization reagent was o-phthalaldehyde(OPA),and homoserine was used as the internal standard.The mobile phase was a mixture of potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer(0.1 mol/L,pH 6.0)∶methanol∶acetonitrile(6∶3∶1) with a flow rate of 1 mL/min.Results: Four amino acids were separated within 15 min.A good linear correlation was obtained in the range of 0.1-2 μmol /L amino acid concentration with good extracted recoveries.Conclusions: The established HPLC method is rapid,accurate and sensitive.It is suitable for the detection of neurotransmitter levels in rat brain tissues.

Objective To observe the changes of GAD67 expression in the hippocampus of epileptic rat model induced by kainic acid(KA) introamgydale injection when adding estradiol(E) or/and curcumin(C) by intraperitoneal injection,and to explore the effects of estradiol on GAD67 expression while interfered with curcumin. Methods Thirty-two ovariotomized female rats were divided into the following groups: E+KA group,C+KA group,EC(estradiol and curcumin)+KA group,and KA group.Rats were given estradiol or/and curcumin by intraperitoneal injection respectively,and epilepsy was induced by microinjection of KA into the amygdala five days later.Immunohistochemical method was used to measure GAD67 expression in the hippocampi of epileptic rats of all groups. Results The number of cells with positive GAD67 expression was counted in the left hippocampi,the opposite site to KA injection.In CA1 region,the number of cells with positive expression of GAD67 in C+KA group was greater than that in KA group(P0.01) and E+KA group(P0.05),it was also greater in EC+KA group than in KA group(P0.05).In CA3 and DG region,the number of cells with positive GAD67 expression in C+KA group was greater than in KA group,E+KA group(CA3 region: P0.01,DG region: P0.05) and EC+KA group(P0.05).In DG region,higher positive cells with GAD67 expression in E+KA group than in KA group was also found. Conclusions GAD67 expression in the hippocampi of epileptic rats induced by KA introamgydale injection is upregulated by estradiol or curcumin respectively,especially more obvious by curcumin.After interfered with curcumin,the changes of effects of estradiol on GAD67 expression are not significant,but there are still more positive cells with GAD67 expression in CA1 region by the joint action of estradiol and curcumin.

Objective To explore the effects of curcumin on the synaptic transmission of the cultured hippocampal neurons of rats.Methods Hippocampal neurons were obtained from 18-day-old fetal SD rats,cultured for 9 days,and then divided into 2 groups:curcumin group,with curcumln of the final concentration of 10 μmol/L added into the culture fluid for 24 h,and control group with DMSO added into the cultured fluid.Simultaneous excitatory postsynaptic current(sEPSC)and miniature excitatory postsynaptic current(mEPSC)of the rat hippocampal neurons in these two groups were observed usmg the method of patch clamp,whole cell recording,and gap free mode. Results (1)The frequency of sEPSC in the neurons treated with curcumin was 1.4 Hz±0.5 Hz,significantly higher than that of the control group (0.8 Hz±0.4 Hz,P＜0.01).The amplitude of sEPSC of the neurons treated with curcumin was 1834 pA±244 pA,not significantly different from that of the control group(1721 pA±391 pA,P=0.115).(2)The frequency of mEPSC in the neurons treated with curcumin was 6.4 Hz±0.8 Hz,significantly higher than that of the control group(5.1 Hz±0.9 Hz,P＜0.001).The amplitude of mEPSC in the neurons treated with curcumin was 34 pA±10 pA.Not significantly different from that in the neurons treated with DMSO(30 pA±9 pA,P=0.057).Conclusion Curcumin modulates or enhances the synaptic transmission,which possibly contributes to the cognition enhancing effect of curcumin in rats suffering from cerebral ischemia.

目的了解雌激素和姜黄素对海人酸(kainic acid,KA)杏仁核点燃大鼠癫痫发作的影响。方法给去势的雌性大鼠添加雌激素治疗,添加姜黄素治疗,或添加雌激素和姜黄素治疗,比较各组大鼠致痫后癫痫发作的行为学、脑电图和海马神经元损伤的变化。结果给雌激素治疗的大鼠重型发作(Racine 4/5级)评分最高,而雌激素加姜黄素治疗组评分最低(P<0.05)。脑电图的变化与行为学的改变基本一致。致痫后大鼠注射KA侧海马CA3区、CA4区可见到明显的细胞损伤,而该侧海马CA1区、齿状回区(DG)及对侧海马CA3区、CA1区及DG区神经元损害不明显。雌激素组大鼠双侧海马CA3区均出现加重的神经元损害,姜黄素组及雌激素加姜黄素组大鼠海马注射对侧CA3区存活神经元较雌激素组明显增加(P<0.01)。结论高水平的雌激素可以加重癫痫的发作,给姜黄素治疗可以减轻大鼠海马CA3区神经元损害。

Aim:To explore the mechanism of epileptic seizure affected by estrogen and curcumin. Methods:The ovariotomized rats were treated for five days with estrogen and/or curcumin,and at the sixth day the rats were induced to become epilepsy by kainic acid(KA) introamgydale injection. The behaviors of epileptic seizured rats were observed,and their c-Jun protein expressions in the hippocampus were measured by using immuno-histochemical method. Results:Comparing the serious degree of heavy epileptic seizure,the rats treated with estrogen and curcumin together(EC+KA group) were less than the rats treated with estrogen alone(E +KA group) . The most expression of c-Jun protein in hippocampus was observed in the E+KA group and lesser the protein expression was in the C+KA group(rats treated with curcumin) and KA group(control group) ,and the protein expression was not any significant difference. In addition,the expression of c-Jun protein in the hippocampal CA1 subfield in the EC+KA group was much less than that in the E+KA group. Conclusion:Curcumin could alleviate the seizures exacerbated by estrogen(P<0.05) . A possible mechanism was that curcumin inhibited the gateway of activate-protein1(AP-1) through making c-Jun/AP-1 inactivation,which decreased the neuron excitability induced by estrogen.

<正>在女性癫痫患者中有一定比例的患者其癫痫发作与月经周期相关,报道从10%～70%不等。经期癫痫并没有确切的定义.临床上将与月经周期相关的癫痫发作称为经期癫痫。1997年Herzog等研究提出了三种不同的经期癫痫模式,发现癫痫容易发生在月经前期、黄体前期以及黄体功能不全期,并且证实了月经前期型是最常见的经期癫痫类型。本文就经期癫痫的发病机制及治疗做一综述。