目的:观察超声引导下射频消融治疗甲状腺良性结节效果.方法:选取笔者所在医院甲状腺良性结节患者82例(2017年8月-2018年11月),随机分为甲状腺切除术治疗的对照组(41例)与超声引导下射频消融术治疗的观察组(41例),观察患者手术情况、甲状腺功能及并发症发生率.结果:与对照组相比,观察组手术时间、出血量、住院时间少,甲状腺功能各指标较优,并发症发生率低,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:在甲状腺良性结节患者治疗中,给予患者超声引导下射频消融术治疗,能减少手术时间及出血量,改善甲状腺功能,降低并发症发生率,促进术后身体康复,减少住院时间,取得了较好的治疗效果,值得借鉴.

目的 探讨超声造影联合经皮射频消融(RFA)在肝癌破裂出血治疗中的应用价值.方法 回顾分析2013年9月至2019年3月在厦门大学附属中山医院经超声造影引导下急诊行经皮射频消融止血治疗的31个肝癌破裂出血病灶,其中6个病灶为肝癌在经皮穿刺活检出现沿穿刺针道出血,导致腹腔血性积液;25个病灶为肝癌自发破裂出血,31个病灶均在射频消融前通过超声造影检查证实存在肝癌破裂活动性出血征象,并确定出血部位,随即在超声引导下经皮射频消融止血治疗,术后超声造影即刻评价止血效果.结果 31个病灶在射频消融术前通过超声造影均能确定出血部位,并能准确引导射频针至出血点,达到精准射频消融止血目的.术后利用超声造影即刻评估止血效果,所有病灶有效止血.结论 超声造影与经皮射频消融两种方法的联合,在肝癌破裂出血的止血治疗中具有快速、有效、微创、简便、可重复性的优点,并能即刻评价止血效果,射频消融止血同时还可达到减少癌细胞活性的治疗效果.

Objective To investigate the value of color Doppler ultrasound guided core needle biopsy in the diagnosis of salivary gland masses.Methods All consecutive color Doppler ultrasound guided core needle biopsies data in 56 patients with salivary gland masses were collected retrospectively.The pathological diagnosis was considered definitive if the biopsy results was malignant.If the initial biopsy results was benign or negative for malignancy,the final results was confirmed based on other imaging examinations or clinical follow-up over 6 months.The successful rate,sensitivity,specificity,and complication rates of core needle biopsy were analyzed.The performance of the color Doppler ultrasound between benign and malignant salivary gland mass was compared.Results In 56 patients with salivary gland masses,the number of puncture attempts were 1-3 times.Post biopsy pathological examination confirmed 32 patients with benign masses and 23 patients with malignant tumors,And 1 patient of indefinite diagnosis was performed by biopsy,who was diagnosed as B cell lymphoma later.The successful puncture rate was 98.21％ (55/56),the sensitivity was 95.83％ (23/24),the specificity was 100％ (32/32),and the false negative rate was 4.17％ (1/24).And no serious complication was observed.There were significant differences of the boundary,shape,homogenization,capsule integrity and blood flow classification between benign and malignant salivary gland mass by comparing the performance of the color Doppler ultrasound (all P＜0.05).Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasound guided core needle biopsy of salivary gland masses is a safe and feasible method for preoperative diagnosis with less invasive and less complication,which plays an important role in the diagnosis of the salivary gland masses.

Objective To study the patent paraumbilical veins and abdominal varicose veins in portal hypertension by color Doppler ultrasound,and to establish the classification of portal hypertension.Methods Three groups of patients with portal hypertension,including 86 cases of liver cirrhosis,13 cases of Budd-Chiari syndrome and 6 cases of portal vein trunk or splenic vein thrombosis were examined by color Doppler ultrasound,abdominal varicose veins of portacaval collateral circulation and blood flow direction were observed.Results In liver cirrhosis group,the blood flow direction of abdominal varicose veins was towards the head above the navel,while towards the feet below the navel.In Budd-Chiari syndrome combined with IVC obstruction group,blood flow direction was toward the upper chest area.In portal trunk or splenic vein thrombosis group,the patent umbilical vein and abdominal varicose veins weren't seen.Conclusion Determination of patent paraumbilical veins and abdominal varicose veins by ultrasound can help to identify the location,degree and scope of vascular occlusion,which provids efective method for classification of portal hypertension and has significance for formulation of reasonable treatment plan.

Objective To study the value of colur Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of arteriosclerosis obliterans of internal carotid artery.Method Twenty-five patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans of internal carotid artery were analyzed by 2-dimesional ultrasound and color Doppler flow imaging,to explore pulse doppler frequency and observe the condition of vascular occlusion.Results Arteriosclerosis of internal carotid artery and plaque were observed in 25 cases.Interal carotid artery occlusion in 13 cases occued in right side and 11 occurred in left side,1 case occurred in both sides.Occlusion of interal carotid artery in 22 cases(88%) ocurred inside 2cm of origination of internal carotid artery.Conclusion: Colur Doppler ultrasonography can display construction of internal carotid artery clearly,detect arteriosclerosis,level of stegnosis and plaque,judge position of interal carotid artery occlusion.It can be a dependable and non-wounded test facility in the diagnosis of arteriosclerosis obliterans of internal carotid artery.