OBJECTIVE X-ray diffraction-enhanced imaging (DEI) method was used to image hepatic fibrous samples, and the texture measurements based on DEI images were calculated and analyzed for investigating the feasibility of diagnosing fibrosis quantitatively. METHODS Hepatic fibrosis of different severity in ICR mice was induced by injecting with carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) olive oil solution for 21 d, 42 d and 84 d, respectively. The excised liver tissues were then imaged at the 4W1A Topography & Imaging Station of Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF). After imaging, the liver tissues were sectioned and stained for Masson trichrome using standard histological techniques. The imaging features of hepatic fibrosis of different severity were analyzed by comparing DEI images with histological examinations. The nine basic texture parameters on regions of interest (ROIs) of DEI images were extracted based on the gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), and then evaluated for their feasibility to distinguish stages of fibrosis. RESULTS The results showed that great differences could be observed in the DEI images between the normal and diseased mice in different stages of liver fibrosis. It was demonstrated that there were six texture measurements (entropy, inertia, difference entropy, difference average increase, energy and inverse difference moment) that could distinguish between the normal and diseased mice in different stages of liver fibrosis (P<0.05). The texture parameters of entropy, inertia, difference entropy, difference average increased with the development of fibrosis, while the texture parameters of energy and inverse difference moment decreased with the development of fibrosis. The variation in entropy of different severity of fibrosis was most obvious among the six texture features. CONCLUSION The degree of hepatic fibrosis can be discriminated by morphological features in DEI images. Moreover, the degree of hepatic fibrosis can be graded quantitatively by the texture features. These results suggest that DEI can be a promising noninvasive technique to diagnose and distinguish hepatic fibrosis of different degrees.

介绍了同步辐射X射线在医学成像、放射治疗等领域的研究进展,以及同步辐射X射线与传统X射线相比具有的优异性能.基于高亮度、高准直性的同步辐射硬X射线,能够实现许多普通光源不可能完成的诊断和治疗,未来具有极大的临床应用前景.

目的 探讨产前彩色多普勒超声诊断胎儿右室流出道梗阻的临床价值.方法 回顾分析32例产前超声诊断胎儿右室流出道梗阻的超声资料,总结其声图像特征.结果 (1)单纯肺动脉瓣狭窄时常于肺动脉瓣口局部显示五彩镶嵌血流信号,频谱多普勒显示其峰值流速常大于1.8 m/s;(2)动脉导管早闭时常于动脉导管处显示五彩镶嵌血流信号,频谱多普勒显示峰值流速常大于1.8 m/s,且为双期同向血流频谱；(3)法洛四联症及右室双出口伴肺动脉狭窄时常于肺动脉主干内显示其血流信号稍鲜艳,但频谱多普勒显示峰值流速常小于1.8 m/s,严重狭窄时肺动脉主干内血流信号暗淡,甚至其动脉导管内出现反向血流信号及频谱；(4)肺动脉瓣闭锁时常于动脉导管及肺动脉内显示反向血流信号及反向频谱,频谱多普勒显示峰值流速常小于1.8m/s.结论 彩色多普勒血流显像及频谱形态分析能为胎儿右室流出道梗阻的产前诊断提供有价值的信息.

目的 应用断层超声成像技术(TUI)研究正常未育女性肛提肌的解剖结构,从方法学上阐述TUI技术在盆底结构检查中的应用.方法 应用经会阴三维超声对50例健康未育女性志愿者进行检查,采集三维容积数据保存,离线启用断层成像技术(TUI)分析.在生殖裂孔(LH)最小平面测量LH的前后径、左右径、面积.并在阴道后外侧与肛提肌左右肢长轴径线相垂直处测量肛提肌厚度.隔7～30 d后,由同一医师对所有志愿者进行第二次检查与测量.结果 TUI技术可同时在互相平行的多个平面显示肛提肌的形态.生殖裂孔前后径测量的组内相关系数(ICC值)是0.71,左右径的ICC值是0.76,面积的ICC值是0.60.肛提肌厚度的ICC值是0.62.结论 TUI技术可作为检查盆底肌形态学的常规方法.

应用超声检查临床待排除气胸患者198例,并与当前影像手段比较,探讨超声诊断气胸的价值.