2021 年5 月22 日青海玛多MS7.4 地震和 2022 年 1 月 8 日青海门源MS6.9 地震引起栖霞鲁07 井、枣庄鲁15 井和菏泽鲁27 井水位不同程度的同震响应.基于秒数据,对比分析 3 口井水位同震变化形态、幅度与分钟值记录的差异,并从含水层渗透性变化、地震能量密度等方面进行同震响应机理探讨.结果表明,井水位秒数据能够更加完整地记录水震波信息,更加精确展现水位同震变化形态、幅度;井水位对于远场大震的震荡形态主要受含水层水文地质条件的影响.在正常应力背景下,远场大震引起枣庄鲁15 井水位同震响应的地震能量密度阈值大约是1.54×10-4 J·m-3.

为加强多源闪电数据在干旱区的融合应用,利用新疆民航三维地基闪电探测系统(3-Dimen-sion Lightning Location System,3-DLLS)、全球闪电定位网(World-Wide Lightning Location Network,WWLLN)和气象部门ADTD(Advanced Time of Arrival and Direction System)、FY-4A闪电成像仪(Light-ning Mapping Imager,LMI)等多源闪电资料,针对新疆地区2019年11次典型雷暴过程,开展FY-4A LMI探测性能的初步评估,并结合FY-4A云顶温度(Cloud Top Temperature,CTT)资料,详细分析2019年7月21日强雷暴过程的闪电特征,探寻CTT与闪电活动的相关关系.结论如下:(1)FY-4A LMI闪电"组"(LMI Group,LMIG)数量约为3-DLLS的1/5、WWLLN的1.02倍、ADTD的1/3.白天,在太阳背景光影响下FY-4A LMI的探测效率有所下降,即使日出后雷暴系统有所加强,但LMIG数量并无增加趋势.(2)在2019年7月21日强雷暴过程中,3-DLLS探测的闪电时空分布与ADTD重合度较高,而WWLLN的闪电定位与前两者在时空上存在一定偏差,这主要是各系统的探测原理(WWLLN主要探测的是强地闪,ADTD主要监测地闪回击,而3-DLLS探测的是全闪)及测站布局和数量不同所致.(3)在强雷暴过程不同发展阶段,闪电发生区域的FY-4A CTT值差异较大,初始阶段、旺盛阶段和消散阶段闪电区域对应的CTT值分别为260～280 K、230～240 K和240～260 K.

By statistics of coseismic variation recorded at Tai’an Referential Seismological Station ,an formula of earthquake reflecting ability of body strain is figured out .Body strain at Tai'an Station has strong earthquake reflecting ability ,only one earthquake with M≥7 .0 missed .The magnitude of the minimum earthquake recorded is M=3 .5 with epicentral distance 16 .5 km ,while the farthest earthquake recorded is M=7 .3 with epicentral distance 19 498 km .Amplitude of coseismic variation is proportional with magnitude and is inverse with epicentral distance .Also ,step change and distortion ,which seem to be related with earthquake ,before and after earthquake are studied preliminarily .

The leveling data crossing fault in Changjiazhuang,the NS component of tiltmeter in Yantai and gravity data in Taian before Laizhou M4.6 earthquake were analyzed.The result shows that each of the 3 kinds of observation data appeared mid-term or short-term trend abnormities.The characteristics of the abnormities is:the closer of the distance from epicenter,the earlier it occured,and the farther from epicenter,the longer it lasted for.The distance away epicenter of the farthest abnormal point reaches 276 km,and the abnormities are connected to the geological structure.

针对传统梯形积分方法的低精度缺陷,提出了一套高精度累积数值积分方法.首先对被积数据进行分段三次Hermite插值,之后采用积分区间四等分的Newton-Cotes积分公式进行积分.误差分析表明,本方法精度远高于梯形积分方法精度.在对构建信号进行方法验证的前提下,采用2013年4月20日雅安芦山地震和2008年5月12日汶川地震的真实强震动加速度记录对本方法进行测试,测试结果表明,本方法适用于将强震动加速度记录积分为位移记录.

根据所掌握的仪器映震能力、震前(后)大震特殊捕捉现象,以及对相同地震不同仪器映震的对比,可以看出,VP型宽频带垂直摆倾斜仪具备前兆仪器捕捉(反映)地震孕育及地震发生的相关作用,能够正确、客观的作用于地震前兆数据产出,对地震预测研究具有深远影响.

Based on the distributing characteristic of the stations and the structure in Midwestern inner Mongolia,according to the definition of the apparent stress,by using 129 earthquake waveform datum of 12 stations in middle and western inner Mongolia magnitude ranged from ML2.5 to ML4.5,the apparent stress in Midwestern inner Mongolia is calculated.The result shows that the average apparent stress in middle inner Mongolia and western inner Mongolia are almost similar,which basically reflects the background apparent stress level in Midwestern inner Mongolia.The temporal and spatial distribution of the apparent stress in Midwestern inner Mongolia reminds that great attention needs to be paid to earthquake potential in this area.