The article presents and analyzes the results of microscopic and microprobe studies of polished sections of the Konder deposit. We have identified ore minerals of the sulfosalt group, and provide data on their chemical composition, spatio-temporal relationships. The joint finding of sulfosalts of lead, silver, antimony, tin, nickel and copper, representing geochemically contrasting groups, allows us to continue the discussion of the history of the formation of the deposit and to clarify some of the features and originality of the named parageneses.

Approximation of the series of the seasonal vegetation index time series is the basis for monitoring agricultural crops, their identification and cropland classification. For cropland of the Khabarovsk Territory in the period from May to October 2021, NDVI and EVI time series were constructed using Sentinel-2A (20 m) multispectral images using a cloud mask. Five functions were used to approximate time series: Gaussian function; double Gaussian; double sine wave; Fourier series; double logistic. Characteristics of extremums for approximated time series for different types of arable land were built and calculated: buckwheat, perennial grasses, soybeans, fallow and ley. It was shown that each type requires a characteristic species. It was found (p<0.05) that Fourier approximation showed the highest accuracy for NDVI and EVI series (average error, respectively, 8.5% and 16.0%). Approximation of the NDVI series using a double sine, double Gaussian and double logistic function resulted in an error increase of 8.9-10.6%. Approximation of EVI series based on double Gaussian and double sine wave causes an increase in average errors up to 18.3-18.5%. The conducted a posteriori analysis using the Tukey criterion showed that for soybean, fallow and ley lands, it is better to use the Fourier series, double Gaussian or double sine wave to approximate vegetation indices, for buckwheat it is advisable to use the Fourier series or double Gaussian. In general, the average approximation error of the NDVI seasonal time series is 1.5-4 times less than the approximation error of the EVI series.

Gemological, spectrometric, and chemical properties of alluvial diamonds and their micro inclusions from the Nezametninskaya area, which consider to be diamond-bearing by means of many researchers, were examined. We investigated the sorting of studied diamonds according to their particle size distribution, a complex of the most characteristic typomorphic features, the way the inclusions are located and their contents, ultraviolet microscopy, detection of metal particles on the surface of grains (nickel, cobalt, copper) which are used to provide a greater bond in the manufacture of industrial diamonds. This scientific research has shown us the found minerals have a synthetic origin.

The article presents the results of studying igneous rocks of the Kordonnoye deposit in order to clarify the geodynamic conditions for the formation of the ore-magmatic system (OMS). Based on the study of petrological and geochemical features of igneous rocks and determination of their age, it was concluded that granitoids of the first group (101 ± 2.0–103.5 ± 2.0 Ma), with which tungsten deposits are associated in the region, should be considered as derivatives of the Early Cretaceous complex, the formation which is due to the activity of intracrustal magma chambers producing IS-type melts with limited participation of deep (through-magmatic) fluids. In the schemes of the geodynamic evolution of the region, these rocks correspond to the stage in which the regime of sliding of lithospheric plates dominated. Granites of the second group, with which tin, polymetallic, gold-silver deposits are associated, judging by their age (86.6 ± 1.8–88.3 ± 0.8 Ma) and petrochemical characteristics, represent an association of rocks of the Sikhote-Alin volcanic belt, and belong to the complex of rocks that records subduction mode.

The article presents the results of the study of mineralogical and petrographic characteristics, composition and age of gabbroids and monzonitoids of the Burelomny Creek massif located in the Central Sikhote-Alin and spatially associated with the Tigriny rare-metal-granite intrusion, and Sn-W deposit. It is shown that the gabbroids and monzonitoids of the massif correspond to the high-potassium units of the normal and moderately alkaline series, and have low concentrations of titanium, high concentrations of phosphorus, moderate concentrations of HFSE and REE elements. The geochemical characteristics of the rocks indicate that their source combines lithospheric and sublithospheric mantle substrates and that they formed in the setting of a transform continental margin. The age of the gabbroids, determined by the Ar-Ar dating of a biotite monofraction, is 101+1.5 Ma and is synchronous with the "peak" of basite and granitoid magmatism in the Sikhote-Alin. A significant difference in age (more than 20 Ma) and discrepancy in geochemical specialization indicate that the Tigriny massif rare-metal granites, and associated mineralization have no genetic relationship with gabbroids and monzonitoids of the Burelomny Creek massif.

For the first time, the absolute age of volcanic rocks of the Brusilovka volcanic depression has been obtained by employing the LA-ICP-MS-based U-Pb method. The results (~61–56 Ma) are consistent with the timespan of the Paleocene magmatic stage manifested in the Sikhote-Alin and the patterns of their structural localization and spatiotemporal distribution are consistent with left-lateral displacements along the Vostochny and Pribrezhny faults. The nature and characteristics of occurrence of early Paleogene igneous rocks both in the frontal and rear continental marginal parts of the southern Sikhote-Alin can serve as a fundamental basis for paleogeodynamic reconstructions and subsequent metallogenic analysis.

This article describes the geological setting, geochemical features of rocks and the composition of the main minerals (micas, feldspars) of the granitoids of the Tigriny intrusion (Central Sikhote-Alin), associated with Sn-W mineralization. It is shown that the granitoids have high contents of fluorine and typomorphic trace elements and geochemically correspond to Li–F rare-metal granitoids. The evolution of rare-metal-granite magmas of the Tigriny massif was controlled by two main processes: fluid–magmatic interaction, which led to the formation of ultrapotassic pegmatoid granites, stockscheiders, and crystallization differentiation along the albite “trend,” which led to the formation of lower-silica aluminous sodic melts of the final phase. The latter were likely emplaced in an open or partially open-system conditions and experienced intense degassing during crystallization, which resulted in the formation of late plagioclase granites with lower contents of fluorine and typomorphic trace elements as compared to the earlier rocks. Separation of high-F fluids enriched in trace alkalis and ore components led to the formation of the large Tigrenok greisen body, which hosts the main volume of the richest ores of the Tigriny deposit.

Based on the results of integrated geological and mineralogical-geochemical study of the ores of the Sredne-Golgotay gold-bismuth deposit using currently available analytical research methods, new data have been obtained re ecting typical features and nature of the manifestations of Au-Bi-Te mineralization.In the ore of Sredne-Golgotay deposit formed in different stages of the gold mining process are widely developed combinations of Bi-Te-S and Pb-Bi-Sb-S mineral systems, which are closely associated with native gold and are typomorphic indicators of the conditions of gold mineralization conditions.

The Sikhote-Alin orogenic belt is a key area for understanding the evolution of the lithospheric plate interaction in the East Asian paleocontinent margin. At the same time, only limited and fragmentary precision isotope–geochemical and geochronological data are available for this region. New age data on the Early Paleogene magmatism supplement the available material and substantiate a specific Middle Paleocene–Early Eocene magmatic stage (60.5–53.0 Ma) dominated by A-type acid rocks in the southern Russian Far East during the geodynamic reconstruction of the continental margin.

Integrated geological and mineralogical–geochemical study of the ores of the Sredne-Golgotay gold–bismuth deposit using high-precision analytical techniques allowed new data reflecting the typical features and nature of the Au–Bi–Te mineralization. The ores of the Sredne-Golgotay deposit were formed at different stages of gold-forming process and comprise widespread minerals of the Bi–Te–S and Pb–Bi–Sb–S systems, which are closely associated with native gold and represent typomorphic indicators of the conditions of gold mineralization formation.

The new data for the segregations, paragenetic assemblage, and composition of bismuthian jamesonite from gold–quartz mineralization at the Sredny Golgotai deposit located in the eastern part of the Mongolia–Okhotsk orogenic belt are reported. This mineral occurs as two varieties (I, II), which are slightly different in composition and chemically close to bismuthian jamesonite (“sakharovaite”) described from the Ustarasai deposit. In contrast to variety II, variety I is Cu- and Fe-free. The electron microprobe study has revealed that varieties I and II are close to jamesonite and tintinaite, respectively. The data obtained make it possible to conclude that individual sulfosalt species of the proper tintinaite and jamesonite series, which are close in composition, are probable members of the tintinaite–kobellite series. It is assumed that the Cu- and Fe-free variety of bismuthian jamesonite close in composition to “sakharovaite” is an individual mineral species.

The mineral composition and geochemical characteristics of the ores of the Malinovskoe gold-ore deposit are studied by the data from mining works (ditches, cleanings, and boreholes). It is found that the ore–magma system of the deposit was formed in several stages of mineralization characterized by two phases of magmatism differing in age. In terms of the set of features (the geological–structural position of the deposit, as well as the material composition and geochemical characteristics of the ores), the deposit is attributed to the gold–tourmaline type of mineralization associated spatially and genetically with the “raremetal” granitoid magmatism. This type has not previously been found in Primorskii Krai. The studies of the material composition and geochemical characteristics of the ores allow us to ascertain the correlations between the elements along with the reasons of their origination. By analogy with other gold-ore formations of the Russian Far East, the mineralogical and geochemical model of the deposit is developed (Be–Sn–Cr–Ba–Au–Cu–Mo–Pb–V–Ti–Co–W–Ag–Bi–Ni–Mn–Sr–Zn–Sb–As modeling element series of vertical zoning), which enables us to estimate the levels of the erosion section of the ore bodies and to evaluate their prospects. It is found that the most productive associations in the deposit are the gold–bismuth geochemical association (Au–Ag–Bi–Cu–As–Co) and, to a lesser degree, the gold–tungsten association (W–Au–Ag–Cu–Bi–As).

Original data on the ore composition are obtained by studying samples from mining workings. In terms of mineral composition, gold-productive veinlets are subdivided into three types: sulfide–quartz, sulfide–carbonate–quartz, and sulfide. The wall-rock metasomatites and typomorphic features of the minerals are studied and the genetic problems of the ores and deposit are discussed. It is established that the Malinovka deposit is ascribed to the gold–tourmaline type (gold–quartz formation), which is identified for the first time in Primorye. In terms of many parameters, the ores of this type are close to those of the large deposits from the Transbaikalian and Amur regions (Klyuchevsky, Kariy, Kirov, Darasun, and others), which are genetically related to granitoid magmatism.

В статье изложены результаты исследований гранитоидов одного из объектов Малиновского рудного поля – скарнового шеелит-сульфидного месторождения Кордонное. Магматические породы района месторождения представлены разновозрастными гранитами, которые различаются по петрографическим признакам, по химическому и элементному составу, а также по термобарогеохимическим характеристикам. Обсуждаются критерии рудоносности гранитоидов татибинского комплекса, предполагается их генетическая связь c вольфрамовым (шеелитовым) оруденением в регионе, которая подтверждена сходством характера распределения редкоземельных элементов (РЗЭ) в магматических породах и шеелитах из рудных прожилков и результатами сопоставления термобарогеохимических характеристик рудных растворов и флюидов, сопровождающих формирование гранитов. На основании анализа результатов комплексных исследований сделан вывод о полихронности и полигенности месторождения, обусловленных проявлением двух этапов магматизма и оруденения в процессе формирования рудно-магматической системы (РМС).

for 11 GeoRaman International Conference, June 15-19, 2014, St. Louis, Missouri, USA USE OF RAMAN SPECTROMETRY TO DETERMINE THE COMPOSITION OF PRIMARY INCLUSIONS IN SAPPHIRES. S. Y. Buravleva, V. A. Pakhomova, and D. G. Fedoseev, Far East Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Prospekt 100-letiya, 690022 Vladivostok city, Russia; e-mail: s_buravleva@yahoo.com. Introduction: In the Russian Far East Nezametnoye deposit is the only placer deposits of jewelry grade corundum (sapphire) and zircon (jacinth) [1]. A new type of sapphire material was investigated by authors in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast in the Russian Far East. At the outer limits of the Sutara goldmine district sapphire crystals and their fragments were discovered. The mining region consists of sedimentary, metamorphic and intrusive rocks. The bedrock of mining region consists of early Cambrian aleurolites, sandstones, marbleized limestones, crystal slates which are interstratifying with clay slates, carbonate and graphitic rocks. As a result of regional metamorphism carbonate rocks became marble. Intrusive rocks are presented by biotite gneissoid granites, biotite and tourmaline leucogranites, veins of granitic pegmatites, and migmatites. The alluvial corundum occurrences were discovered in the basin of the Sutara River. Materials and methods: Sapphires is represented by euhedral dipyramidal crystals or broken pieces up to 3 cm in size. They are mostly blue and gray. The color is often zonal and spotty. To determine the genesis of corundums, authors investigated mineral and fluid inclusions. Research of primary inclusions makes it possible to obtain accurate information on the condition of mineral crystallization. Thermometric experiments with use of TS 1500 Stage, Linkam showed that primary inclusions are not homogenized even at the 1200 degrees Celsius. The composition of primary inclusions was not determined. Use of Raman spectrometry allows one to solve this problem. Inclusions in sapphire samples were analyzed by Raman spectrometry using a Horiba LABRAM HR 800 spectrometer, a Si-based CCD detector and an Ar (or green) laser at an excitation wavelength of 514 nm of Melles Girot at the Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Novosibirsk, Russia). Primary inclusions consist of diaspore (AlO(OH)) with a very strong peak at 447 cm, carbon dioxide with peaks 1284 and 1385 cm, and methane with peak 2914 cm. Molecular ratios of carbon dioxide and methane are 0.989 and 0.011 respectively. Secondary fluid inclusions presented by carbon dioxide have peaks 1284 and 1385 cm. We also measured the spectra of various mineral inclusions such as rutile, zircon, monazite, xenotime, ilmenite, spinel, pyrite, biotite, and plagioclase. To determine the composition of plagioclase, authors applied quantitative chemical analyses at the JEOL JXA-8100 electron microprobe (Laboratory of X-Ray Methods, Far East Geological Institute, Vladivostok.). As a result of research it was established that the plagioclase corresponds to andesine in composition. Results: The use of Raman spectrometry allows one to determine the composition of primary inclusions in sapphires of the Sutara goldmine district. They consist of diaspore, carbon dioxide, and methane. The carbon dioxide low-density fluid took part in formation of sapphires. This fluid formed as a result of thermal impact of magma on carbonate rocks. Plagioclase is often present in sapphires. Primary mica inclusions are rare. We believe original paragenesis was mostly plagioclase and mica played a minor role in it. When alumina-rich magmatic rocks (in our case the anatectic granites, and then veins of pegmatite) is introduced to the limestones and dolomites, there is a reaction between a magmatic material (fluid) and host rock. As a result, metasilicon acid (H2SiO3) and alkalis which are present at magmatic fluid react with host rocks. Mica, chlorite, and sometimes talc crystallize. Magmatic material, while losing alkalis and metasilicon acid, is enriched with alumina. This alumina can be enough for corundum crystallization. Acknowledgement: The authors express their gratitude to the Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences for financial support (grant 14-3-B-08-172). The authors thank Mr. Kurnosov for the permission to enter the Sutara gold mine. They are also grateful to Mr. S.Z. Smirnov for his kind advice and assistance during the Raman analysis. References: [1] Pakhomova V. et al. (2006) The Australian Gemmologist, 22, 508–511. 5024.pdf 11th International GeoRaman Conference (2014)

Ores of the Kordonnoe skarn scheelite-sulfide deposit located in the Malinovsky ore cluster in Primorsky Krai were examined in core samples. The mineralogical study revealed that two types of sulfide ores characterizing the tungsten and tin-polymetallic mineralizations are accompanied by two different sulfosalt associations: Pb-Bi and Ag-Pb-Bi, respectively. Rare minerals (goongarrite, wittite, lillianite, vikingite, and others) are briefly described and their typomorphic features are characterized. The problems of the ore genesis are discussed and the mineralization of the deposit is compared with that of the reference objects of the region.

The results of the study of granitoids from the Kordonnoe scheelite-sulfide skarn deposit in the Malinovka ore field are discussed in this paper. Igneous rocks in the studied area are represented by granites differing in age, which are distinguished in petrography, chemical composition, and thermobarogeochemical characteristics. The genetic relationships of scheelite mineralization to granitoids of the Tatibi Complex are supported by similar REE patterns of granitic rocks and scheelite from ore veinlets and by comparison of thermobarogeochemical characteristics of the ore-bearing solutions and the fluids that accompanied emplacement of granites. Comprehensive investigations have shown that the deposit is multistage and polygenetic. Two stages in the formation of igneous rocks and mineralization are recognized in the evolution of the oremagmatic system.

A collection of quartz veinlets with ore mineralization sampled from the dumps of the abandoned pit of the Kirov mine was analyzed with defining the mineral assemblages productive for gold mineralization and determining the composition of the main ore minerals and their typomorphic features, which are used for interpreting the genesis of the mineral associations and the deposit as a whole.