Background: Many studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) derived from the host and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) itself play important roles in virus-host interactions and viral pathogenesis. To identify potential key lncRNAs in the regulation of HIV pathogenesis, transcriptome analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which were derived from 6 HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) subjects pre-HAART and post-HAART with effective control of plasma viremia (<20 HIV RNA copies/ml) and 6 healthy subjects, was performed by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Results: We identified a total of 974 lncRNAs whose expression levels were restored to normal after ART therapy. The results of the cis-acting analysis showed that only six lncRNAs have cis-regulated target genes, among which the target gene RP11-290F5.1, interferon regulatory factors 2 (IRF2), could promote HIV replication. We also identified lncRNA CTB-119C2.1, which regulates most mRNAs with differential expression between pre- and post-HAART, and the differences were significant. We selected lncRNA CTB-119C2.1 for qRT–PCR verification, and the results were consistent with those of RNA-seq. RAB3A and GADD45A, two of the lncRNA CTB-119C2.1-associated genes, have been shown to be associated with HIV infection. KEGG analysis of lncRNA CTB-119C2.1-associated genes revealed that most of the genes are involved in the p53 signaling pathway or pathways related to cell circulation and DNA replication Conclusion: In this study, we used RNA-seq to systematically compare the expression profiles of lncRNAs in HIV subjects between untreated and treated time points. We successfully identified some lncRNAs with differential expression during certain periods (no HIV infection, HIV infection before treatment, and after treatment). Their expression is associated with viral loads, and some of their regulating genes were found to be involved in HIV pathogenesis through bioinformatic analysis. These findings could help to reveal the underlying molecular mechanism of the progression of AIDS.

Objective:To investigate the treatment of intestinal perforation due to intestinal tuberculosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).Methods:The diagnosis and treatment of a case of intestinal perforation due to intestinal tuberculosis complicated with AIDS were analyzed. The relevant literatures were reviewed.Results:On December 28, 2017, a 43-year-old female AIDS patient with CD4+ T as 15 cells/μl was admitted to Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University due to intermittent fever. On the next day after hospitalization, emergency treatment of "exploratory laparotomy + partial ileum resection + terminal-terminal anastomosis" were performed to the case of intestinal perforation. The pathological specimen showed intestinal tuberculosis. After anti-infection and comprehensive symptomatic treatment, the condition of the case relieved and the prognosis was relatively well.Conclusions:The conservative treatment of AIDS patients with intestinal perforation failed, accompanied by persistent symptoms and (or) development of sepsis. Although the CD4+ T count was low, timely surgical intervention, effective postoperative anti-infection, anti-tuberculosis and initiation of antiretroviral therapy at the right moment could improve the prognosis.

长链非编码RNA(long noncoding RNA, lncRNA)在多种生物通路中具有重要的调控功能，在病毒复制和先天性免疫应答调控网络中发挥着重要作用。本研究讨论了与人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus，HIV)感染相关的复杂的lncRNA网络，来自人类宿主和HIV自身的lncRNA影响了HIV复制、潜伏期的建立及维持、储存库的清除、病毒的重新激活等过程。由于有效的HIV疫苗或治愈方法的缺乏，以及目前大流行的规模，深入了解lncRNA和HIV之间的复杂调控网络将有助于制订治疗HIV感染的新战略。

The humoral and cellular immunity of convalescent COVID-19 patients is involved in pathogenesis and vaccine immunity. In this study, through CoV-psV neutralization assay and IFN-γ ELISpot testing in 30 cases of COVID-19 patients after 9 months post-SARS-CoV-2 infection, it found that the ratio of memory/naive CD4+ T lymphocytes cells and levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2-IgM and RBD-IgM were slightly but significantly higher in COVID-19 severe convalescent patients than that in non-severe patients. The specific cellular and humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 were detectable, regardless of the severity of the disease in the acute phase. This information may help understanding the immune status after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

目的 分析获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)患者并发中枢神经系统(CNS)机会性感染(OIs)的临床特点和预后影响因素.方法 收集2012年1月至2018年3月于武汉大学中南医院住院的153例临床诊断为AIDS并发CNS OIs患者的一般情况、临床表现、辅助检查、诊断、治疗以及预后等.随访半年,根据半年内患者是否死亡分为死亡组和生存组,采用多因素Logistic回归分析AIDS并发CNS OIs患者预后影响因素.结果 153例AIDS并发CNS OIs患者疾病诊断依次为新型隐球菌脑膜(脑)炎73例(47.7％),不明原因CNS感染27例(17.6％),混合感染性CNS疾病14例(9.2％),CMV性神经系统疾病12例(7.8％),弓形虫脑病12例(7.8％),结核性脑膜(脑)炎9例(5.9％),神经梅毒5例(3.3％),单纯疱疹病毒性脑膜脑炎1例(0.7％).经对因和(或)对症治疗后,102例(66.7％)患者病情稳定,51例(33.3％)患者死亡.多因素Logistic回归分析显示意识障碍、肌力下降、外周血CD4+T淋巴细胞计数<25个/μl、并发EB病毒(EBV)血症均为AIDS并发CNS OIs患者死亡的独立危险因素(P=0.000、0.014、0.012、0.005).结论 AIDS并发CNS OIs的疾病诊断种类较多、诊疗难度大,且病死率高.CNS功能严重受损、免疫功能严重缺陷、并发EBV血症是AIDS并发CNS OIs患者死亡的主要危险因素.临床上需对上述高危患者进行早期筛查,早期发现CNS OIs并及时针对治疗可降低其发病率和病死率.

This paper analyzes the cause ,motive power and path of the propagation of individual behavior information in mass incident from en‐vironmental pollution ,and describes the characteristics of mass behavior ,and establishes the behavior information propagation model.Then it u‐ses the dynamic optimization theory and the above model to solve the mass incident from environmental pollution for the government. The re‐sults show as follows :the government should provide public opinion guidance and clarify misleading behavior information through multi‐ways ac‐cording to the psychological characteristics of individuals ;when the government solves environmental pollution events ,its attitudes should be ex‐plicit to maintain public trust at a high level ,and troublemakers should be segregated in order to avoid the propagation of misleading behavior in‐formation ,and the solutions should be put forward in time to provide the compensation to the mass .

利用手工搜集的创业板上市公司数据,本文对公司聘请退休政府官员任独立董事是否为企业带来了实际经济好处进行了考察.研究发现,政府官员背景独立董事主要发挥的是“政府关系”协调功能,该功能的发挥依赖于地区制度环境.控制公司高管政治关联的情况下,在制度环境较差的地区,聘请退休政府官员的企业确实得到了更多税收优惠、政府补助等政府控制性资源.进一步的分析表明,与中央政府官员背景的独立董事相比,地方政府官员背景的独立董事能为公司带来更大的经济利益;仍担任行业协会职务的政府官员背景独立董事比完全退休的政府官员背景独立董事也更能为企业谋利.研究证实了公众对退休政府官员担任独立董事的担忧和质疑,为改进独立董事选聘制度、严格官员治理及加快政府职能的转变提供了理论依据.