目的 收集整理分析天津市西青区2011-2015年居民呼吸系统疾病死亡相关数据,探索影响天津市居民呼吸系统疾病死亡的相关因素,据此为科学有效的呼吸道疾病防控提供依据.方法 选取2011-2015年天津市西青区居民呼吸系统疾病死因的监察数据,通过(ICD-10)国际疾病分类编码进行因呼吸系统疾病所致死亡病例的核实、编码以及进行分类,经DeathReg2005、SPSS19.0 for Windows软件进行进行数据管理和统计分析,利用χ2检验、趋势χ2检验对死亡率、标化死亡率进行分析观察,设定检验水准α=0.05,P<0.05示差异有统计学意义.结果 2011-2015年天津西青区居民呼吸系统疾病的粗死亡率是43.11/10万;居民呼吸系统疾病男女死亡率各自为45.38/10万和40.93/10万,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);呼吸系统疾病死亡率年龄分布呈波动变化,慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺炎、呼吸系统其他疾病及尘肺分别占呼吸系统疾病死亡率前4位.结论 呼吸系统疾病已经严重危害天津市西青区居民的身体健康,应针对年龄、性别的特点采取相应的预防控制措施,使死亡率降低,增强人们的总体健康水平.

2型糖尿病是临床面临的主要慢性疾病之一,其患病率和发病率不断上升.新的研究证据表明,患有代谢综合征和2型糖尿病患者的肠道微生物群有所改变.肠道微生物群对维持人类健康具有重大意义,其在种类及数量上形成一种生态平衡,严重失衡可能导致多种疾病的发生、发展.近几年来大规模的临床研究已经证明肠道微生物及它们的代谢产物在2型糖尿病的发生和发展中起着关键作用,肠道微生物群失调与2型糖尿病的病理学机制也不断被揭示.在过去的几年里,研究强调了肠道微生物群失调和代谢综合征发展之间的复杂关系.肠道微生物组分的变化导致胃肠环境不平衡,肠道微生物群失调,肠道通透性增加,促进代谢产物的异常产生、炎症状态、糖代谢改变甚至胰岛素抵抗.本综述讨论了肠道微生物与糖尿病发生发展的关系.

目的 了解天津市西青区某街镇60岁以上老人健康状况及疾病谱,为老年人防病治病提供依据.方法 采取健康检查和病史咨询相结合的方法,对西青区某街镇1 340名60岁以上老年人进行调查,用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析.结果 1 304名老人体检异常率为98.7％,其中指标异常在4项以上的为61.58％;在高血压、心电图异常、B超盆腔异常、B超肾异常4项指标方面男性检出率高于女性,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);在高胆固醇、高甘油三酯、B超肝异常3项指标方面女性检出率高于男性,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).高血压、心电图异常、B超盆腔异常、B超肾异常、低血红蛋白5项指标检出率均随年龄的增大而增加(P＜0.05).结论 西青区60岁以上老人慢性病患病率较高,高血压、高胆固醇、高甘油三酯居前3位,应加强防治.

[Objective] To discuss the harm of exposure to low concentration of benzene,toluene and xylene on the health of workers.[Methods]The concentrations of benzene,toluene and xylene in the work places of factory with benzene exposure were detected.The benzene exposure group included 439 workers exposed to benzene,toluene and xylene,and the control group included 338 workers who have not been exposed to benzene.Two groups received the occupational health examination,and the results were investigated by a comparative analysis.[Results]The 8h time weighted average concentration(C-TWA) and short time exposure limit concentration(C-STEL) of benzene,toluene and xylene in all monitoring points of factory were lower than the national standards.The detection rate of leucopenia in the benzene exposure group and the control group was respectively 14.58% and 8.88%,and the difference was statistically significant.The detection rate of lower hemoglobin level in the benzene exposure group and the control group was respectively 19.59% and 8.28%,and the difference was statistically significant.The detection rate of leucopenia of female workers and male workers in the benzene exposure group was respectively 18.07% and 10.53%,and the difference was statistically significant.The detection rate of lower hemoglobin level of female workers and male workers in the benzene exposure group was respectively 32.53% and 2.63%,and the difference was statistically significant.The abnormal rate of serum ALT of male workers and female workers in the benzene exposure group was respectively 7.89% and 0.80%,and the difference was statistically significant.In the benzene exposure group,the detection rate of leucopenia and lower hemoglobin level had a linear relationship with working years.[Conclusion]The long-term exposure to low concentration of benzene,toluene and xylene may harm workers' health,so it is necessary to strengthen the protection measures and health surveillance.

为了动态评价2007-2009年天津市西青区居民户碘盐普及情况,根据<全国碘盐监测方案(修订)>的要求,对西青区居民户进行食用碘盐监测,现将结果报道如下.