轨道交通建设将在很大程度上改善城市目前的交通状况,对促进城市建设和推动经济发展具有重大的意义.轨道交通工程在施工期和运营期对城市生态环境都会产生不同程度的影响.本文仅以天津市地铁1号线为例,从施工期的噪声、振动、扬尘、水土流失等和运营期的推动经济发展、缓解地面交通、改善环境质量等若干个方面详细分析了地铁工程对城市生态环境正面和负面的影响.

In view of the existing problems in municipal sewage treatment projects, this article analyses the three primary factors which affect the rate of running,ie.engineering system, operation cost and supervision system. Discussion is made on the alternative scheme for operation and management optimization.Such countermeasures as implementing enterprised management to WWTP and establishing centralized systems to environmental management are proposed.

介绍了湿地的定义及其在保护生物多样性、维持区域生态平衡等方面具有的重要意义;借鉴有关区域生态系统评价的理论,选取多样性、代表性、稀有性、自然性、稳定性和人类威胁等指标并进行分级化处理,提出、制定了一套湿地生态评价指标体系.