Alluvial fans are commonly a prominent part of depositional systems and landscapes in the terrestrial basins. Attention to the morphometric characteristics and controlling factors of catchment-fan systems (CFSs) is essential for understanding spatial heterogeneity, fan dynamics, and primary processes. Well-developed and diverse CFSs in the northwestern margin of the Junggar Basin provide a valuable case for morphometric studies. Multiple types of geomorphological and sedimentological datasets from field surveys were collected in detail, and CFSs were mapped using digital elevation models (DEMs) and remote-sensing interpretations. Most CFSs exhibit similar morphometric relationships, despite their areas displaying highly variable morphology. The relationships of these CFSs in tectonic subunits are more robust and consistent than in regional tectonic conditions. Based on flow types, debris-flow-, flooding-, and streamflow-dominated fans were clearly identified. Variations in the tectonic conditions during CFSs development lead to diversity in fan geometry and depositional types. Reworking by the main river and catchment capture could cause morphometric properties to deviate from regional power-law relationships. Catchment conditions are fundamentally governed by the spatial heterogeneity produced by the combined effects of multiple tectonic elements, including uplift magnitude, rate, spatial extent, and fault distribution. These tectonic controls operate through mechanisms such as differential erosion, outlet adjustment, and reorganization of drainage networks (segmentation and integration). Debris-flow fans are typically characterized by small catchments with high Melton ratios and channel steepness. In contrast, the development of large fans requires large, highly connected catchments. Depositional processes of large fans can be dominated by flooding and streamflow, resulting in diverse planform morphology and internal architectural differentiation. Catchment reorganization and drainage capture are responsible for large fans, making them the largest type of CFSs. These results demonstrate the diversity of morphological characteristics and depositional processes of alluvial fans along basin margins, and provide valuable insights into how spatial heterogeneity in tectonism controls the morphodynamics, development, and sedimentary responses of CFSs.

The Jurassic sedimentary rocks in the Sichuan Basin are a natural archive for resolving the controversy about the Early and Middle Jurassic tectonic evolution of the Qinling Orogenic Belt (QOB) after the closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. This study focuses on the Nuoshuihe and Guanghuicun sections in the northeastern margin of the Sichuan Basin, providing new data on sandstone petrography, heavy minerals, and detrital zircon geochronology. The evolution of drainage pathways in the Early to Middle Jurassic is quantitatively reconstructed using the DZmix program and both new and published detrital zircon geochronology data. The sediments of the Lower Jurassic Ziliujing Formation, corresponding to the post-orogenic extension stage revealed by published igneous rocks, were mainly derived from the Yangtze Craton (YZC; average 98 %), sediment supply to the Middle Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation transitioned gradually from the northern margin of the YZC (average 72.6 %) in the Lower Member to the QOB (average 84.2 %) in the Middle and Upper members. The percentage derived from the YZC increased again in the Shaximiao Formation (75 %). Previous sedimentological studies in the Sichuan Basin show that the lacustrine depocenter of the various members migrated from southeast to northwest, together with the deformation time of strike-slip shear zones in the QOB published by mylonitic rocks Ar-40/Ar-39 data (similar to 178-143 Ma), all suggesting the short-time intracontinental orogenic uplift of the QOB during the deposition of Lianggaoshan Formation after post-collision extension. Based on these findings, we can infer that the long-range effects of the Paleo-Pacific Plate subduction along the East Asia or/and asynchronous closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean, could be potential mechanisms driving block rotation and intracontinental orogenic adjustments in the Middle Jurassic, rather than continuous collisional orogeny since Middle Triassic.

Lakes serve as one of the significant sinks for organic carbon. For lake deposits, it is generally accepted that water depth is a primary control on the spatial distribution of total organic carbon (TOC) accumulation because the deeper part of a lake potentially has a higher organic population to be settled. However, lake TOC distribution is often spatially variable regardless of water depth, and an exact mechanistic explanation of TOC hotspots that do not align with the deepest water depth remaines unsolved. We suggest that flocculation significantly influences the lake TOC distribution pattern. The flocculation of fine sediment is possibly a major contributor to the occurrence of high TOC in deposits, as organic material aggregates with flocculated sediment during settling. The process of flocculation positively correlates with water salinity and thus potentially enriches TOC in deposits under a high saline condition. Furthermore, depending on the extent of flocculation, a lake entering plume type is different, leading to different run-out distances. Therefore, to investigate the role of flocculation associated with the TOC pattern in a lake, we design settling and gravity flow experiments with varying salinity and sediment concentration. Considering the flocculated grain size is seldom recorded in deposits, the current study provides a possible mechanism for why sediments with similar grain size deposited at similar water depths could have varying TOC content. This leads to a better understanding of the spatial distribution of carbon storage and the formation of source rocks associated with hydrocarbon reservoirs.

Deltaic sedimentary systems form the most favorable hydrocarbon reservoirs in continental faulted lacustrine basins, and their types and controlling factors directly affect the distribution of hydrocarbons. The systematic study of typical modern delta deposition provides significant guidance regarding the distribution of oil and gas reservoirs in the subsurface. For this reason, the Heima River delta in Qinghai Lake, which features multiple sediment sources and clear sedimentary evolution stages, was selected for this research. A detailed study of the sedimentology and architectural characteristics of the Heimahe delta in Qinghai Lake was conducted. A total of 4 types of gravel facies, 4 types of sand facies, and 2 types of mud facies were identified. This study also focuses on recognizing the architectural elements within channels and bars. The delta plain features debris-flow, switched, and migrated channels and vertical and bilateral aggradation bars. The delta front features migrated and filled channels and bilateral and lateral aggradation bars. Twenty-two representative outcrop sections were selected. Detailed observation and analysis of these sections revealed three stages: the progradation to aggradation (PA) stage, in which the deposits show evidence of sigmoid-type and coarse-grained sedimentation; the retrogradation (R) stage, which is characterized by imbricated regression; and the aggradation to progradation and degradation (APD) stage, which is characterized by a terraced-stepping, progression stacking pattern. Based on the integrated analysis of the sedimentary environment, outcrop lithofacies associations, architecture stacking patterns, fossils and bioclasts, we identified diverse depositional associations and constructed a sedimentary evolution model of the depositional system in this area. We suggest that the depositional system transitioned from an early single-provenance gravel-rich fan delta to a multi-provenance mud-rich delta and that two factors mainly controlled the transition: the southern boundary fault activity and lake level variations. The contemporaneous activity of the fault increased the accommodation in the low-stand systems tract, which resulted in continuous coarse-sediment deposition.

The Luanping Basin is a typical continental rift basin that developed during the Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous in the Yanshan fold-thrust belt in Northeast China. The Yanshan fold-thrust belt, which is characterized by terrestrial sedimentation, magmatism and deformation—including multiple phases of folding and contractional, extensional, and strike-slip faulting throughout China during the Jurassic‒Cretaceous Cretaceous—was mentioned in the Chinese literature as a result of deformation episodes named the Yanshan (or Yenshan) movement, Yanshanian movement, or Yanshanian deformation (Cope, 2003; Davis et al. 1998, 2001; Dou et al. 2020; Li et al. 2003, 2007). The Luanping Basin is a small half-graben and elongated in a NE‒SW direction, approximately 40 km long and 20 km wide. Controlled by multiepisodic Yanshanian movements, the basin experienced extensional and transtensional stresses leading to a complex rifting process. Three rifting episodes were divided: the first episode occurred in the early Middle Jurassic, the second episode occurred in the middle to late Middle Jurassic, and the third episode took place during the late Jurassic to early Cretaceous. During these rifting episodes, thick nonmarine terrestrial volcanic and clastic synrift successions (~5000 m) accumulated. The synrift strata are composed of five lithologic stratigraphic units: the Jiulongshan, Tiaojishan, Houcheng, Zhanjiakou and Xiguayuan Formations.

SignificaneThe analysis of source-to-sink system is a comprehensive study of tectonic geology, sedimentology, and sequence stratigraphy. Because of its integral, dynamic, and semiquantitative-quantitative characteristics, it has attracted widespread attention.ProgressThis review first introduces the key issues of the deep-time source-to-sink systems (pre-Quaternary systems), which include the quantitative characterization of sediment mass balance and the control of the transport process on the sediment. Due to the lack of stratigraphic records and the difficulty in obtaining parameters, the research is still challenging.Second, it reviews the quantitation methods of deep-time source-to-sink systems that can be classified into three categories, namely, geochronology, uniformitarianism, and sedimentology. By obtaining information such as geomorphological parameters, hydraulic parameters, erosion rates, and sediment flux, various methods establish the quantitative relationships between "sources" and "sinks" and then rebuild the sedimentary basin infilling history. This article introduces the principles and related parameters of different methods and then compares the advantages and limitations to provide a reference for future research. It is believed that geochronology is widely used, and the core lies in provenance analysis. The key to uniformitarianism is the analogy of geological background and the selection of geological parameters. The sedimentology is controlled by multiple variables, and the tectonic-climate background and research scale need to be considered comprehensively.Conclusions and ProspectsFinally, this review states the development of quantitative analysis of deep-time source-to-sink systems. Under the guidance of the important idea of "the present is the key to the past", the research needs to focus on the provenance systems, sediment routing systems, sediment dispersal, and redistributive process, and coupling relationship between various parameters. Research also needs to pay attention to quantitative analysis at multiple timescales and multidisciplinary dynamic analysis. Compared with continental margin source-to-sink systems, continental lacustrine source-to-sink system patterns and prediction models need to be further improved.

源-汇系统是目前国内外地球科学领域的研究热点,对于含油气盆地古地理重建以及源储预测评价有着重要的指导作用.本文以准噶尔盆地二叠系为研究对象,通过基于盆地地质大剖面的构造-层序特征分析、定年数据的物源体系演化分析和沉积过程约束的正演模拟等方法,深化了对准噶尔盆地二叠纪古地理格局的认识,探讨了二叠纪源-汇系统演化特征与二叠系源储分布规律.早二叠世为盆地断陷发育期,以石炭系为主物源,除东南部发育海相-海陆过渡相沉积外,总体以近物源扇三角洲-湖相沉积体系为主,多断陷的沉积格局控制了玛湖等凹陷优质烃源岩的分布,与火山岩相关的扇三角洲前缘砂体与混积云质岩构成有利储集体;中二叠世为盆地断-拗转换期,物源年龄开始趋于复杂,沉积中心、沉降中心较早二叠世明显向盆内迁移,早期断陷趋于连通,盆地西部仍以近物源的扇三角洲群-湖相沉积体系为主,东南部则转换为远物源三角洲群-湖盆沉积体系,在盆地中部发育连片分布的规模烃源岩,可与同期(扇)三角洲前缘形成良好的源储组合;晚二叠世进入盆地拗陷发育期,物源供给范围更广,物源年龄进一步复杂化,大型浅水湖盆发育远物源为主的退覆型河流-三角洲沉积体系,为盆地规模油气成藏奠定了储层基础.

Thick sequences of terrestrial multicolored mudstones of the Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation in the Sichuan Basin, Southwest China, effectively recorded paleoclimate and paleoenvironment changes. The paleoenvironment of the Shaximiao Formation is reconstructed by using detailed sedimentological and elemental geochemical analysis of the multicolored mudstones. The provenance, paleoclimate, paleosalinity, and paleoredox conditions are distinguished by using the discriminant indicators of CIA, C-value, Sr/Cu, Rb/Sr, Th/U, V/Cr, and V/(V + Ni). The results show that all samples derive primarily from felsic igneous rocks and intermediate rocks rather than recycled sediments. The mudstone sequences were deposited under semiarid and semihumid regions with paleoclimate evolved to drier and cooler conditions from lower to upper Shaximiao Formation. Such a paleoclimate coincided with the records of several basins in the lower paleolatitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and were possibly affected by the Middle Jurassic global geological events such as wildfire, paleogeographic reorganizations, and seaway dynamics change. The paleowater body belongs to a typical terrestrial freshwater environment, although the paleosalinity increased significantly during arid periods. The multicolored mudstones were deposited in oxidation and weak-oxidation to weak-anoxic conditions. We also propose a detailed conceptual paleoenvironment model for Shaximiao Formation, with a large perennial lake surrounded by limited alluvial plain during a period of high lake level and small ephemeral lakes scattering extensive alluvial plain during a phase of low lake level.

More and more attention has been paid to the sedimentary forward modeling (SFM) since the study on the sedimentology is targeted toward quantification, process orientation and systematization. This review first stated the main input and output data of the current sedimentary forward modeling and sorted out the determination methods of the input parameters. Then it reviewed the classification methods of the sedimentary forward modeling, and the classification principles included principle of simulation, number of simulation processes, types of simulation results, simulation dimension, simulation scale, data fidelity and source region covering source-sink system. Subsequently, it introduced the sedimentary forward modeling methods for the different sedimentary systems of clastic series, including hillside landform, river and deep-draft waterway, delta, lobe and landslide. It also described some classic simulation programs for the individual series, indicated the sedimentary characteristics of this series to be essentially simulated and their corresponding principles of simulation and covered multiple simulation methods as much as possible to expand the understanding of the sedimentary forward modeling. Finally, it looked into the development of the sedimentary forward modeling believed it would be targeted toward the three-dimension visualization, multi-process integration and multi-discipline integration, proposed to strengthen the training of compound talents in computer, mathematics, mechanics and geosciences; strengthened the experimental study on the sedimentary forward modeling hypothesis to study the sedimentation theory; tried multiple simulation methods and shifted the application foremost to the research and development foremost.

AbstractDuring late Carboniferous time, the residual ocean basin gradually closed in West Junggar and only a small amount of seawater remained in the Hala’alat Mountain area, where discussions of provenance and tectonics are limited. In this study, LA-ICP-MS U–Pb dating and heavy mineral identification are conducted on the upper Carboniferous tuffaceous sandstones from the Hala’alat and Aladeyikesai formations in the Hala’alat Mountain area. The results reveal the low maturity of the clastic sediments, indicating proximal deposition. The Hala’alat Formation detrital zircons present a single peak (c. 330 Ma). Speculatively, the primary provenance is the Boshchekul–Chingiz Arc, and the secondary sources are the Darbut Tectono-Magmatic Belt and island arcs in the basin. The main peak and provenance of the Aladeyikesai Formation are similar to those of the Hala’alat Formation. Moreover, several age groups, namely, 370–344 Ma, 427–404 Ma and 478–476 Ma, potentially correspond to provenances of the Darbut Tectono-Magmatic Belt, the Boshchekul–Chingiz Arc and the Kujibai–Hongguleleng Ophiolitic Mélange Belt. In addition, the maximum depositional ages of the Hala’alat and Aladeyikesai formations calculated are 314.6 ± 1.54 Ma and 330.8 ± 0.61 Ma, respectively. Comprehensive analysis shows a relatively singular provenance of the Hala’alat Formation. While the provenance of the Aladeyikesai Formation shows inheritance, the provenance area extends northwards to the Kujibai–Hongguleleng Ophiolitic Mélange Belt. Furthermore, the closure of the Junggar Ocean during Carboniferous time caused the potential source region of the Hala’alat Mountain area to migrate northeastwards from Barleik Mountain to Xiemisitai Mountain. This study provides a basis for the analysis of regional geological evolution.

This paper discusses the sedimentary environment and source supply in the sedimentary area and their coupling relationship through a detailed description of the deposits from the Ziliujing Formation to Shaximiao Formation of the Lower–Middle Jurassic on the Tieshan section in the Dazhou City, northeastern Sichuan Province, through sedimentary characterization, determination of the paleocurrent direction, analysis of heavy minerals, and detrital zircon U–Pb dating. The results show that the Zhenzhuchong Member is sufficiently supplied with detrital sediments and is dominantly composed of fluvial-delta deposits. The Dongyuemiao Member—the first member of the Lianggaoshan Formation—is dominated by lacustrine deposits, with the detrital supply increased initially in the early Lianggaoshan. The second member of the Lianggaoshan Formation suggests a significant increase in detrital supply, with shrunken lake basin and changed paleocurrent direction. The Shaximiao Formation reveals a complete disappearance of the lake basin in the northern Sichuan Basin. The comprehensive analysis on source supply indicates that the change in source property is apparently coupled with the change in the sedimentary environment, both controlled by orogenesis around the basin. It is inferred from the zircon age distribution that the changes in the sedimentary environment and source supply during the late Ziliujing period and the middle and late Lianggaoshan period resulted from the uplifting of the Micangshan Mountain, Dabashan Mountain, and Qinling Mountain, respectively.

Based on the data of outcrops, seismic sections, thin sections, heavy mineral assemblages and detrital zircon U-Pb dating, the sedimentary characteristics, lake level fluctuation and provenance characteristics of the Middle Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation (J2l) in eastern Sichuan Basin, SW China, were investigated to reveal the control of tectonic movements of the surrounding orogenic belts on the sedimentary systems. The J2l mainly developed a delta—lake sedimentary system, which contained a complete third-order sequence that was subdivided into four lake level up-down cycles (fourth-order sequence). The lake basins of cycles I and II were mainly distributed in eastern Sichuan Basin, while the lake basins of cycles III and IV migrated to central Sichuan Basin, resulting in the significant difference in sedimentary characteristics between the north and the south of eastern Sichuan Basin. The provenance analysis shows that there were three types of provenances for J2l. Specifically, the parent rocks of Type I were mainly acidic igneous rocks and from the proximal northern margin of the Yangtze Plate; the parent rocks of Type II were intermediate-acid igneous rocks and metamorphic rocks and from the central parts of the southern and northern Qinling orogenic belts; the parent rocks of Type III were mainly metamorphic rocks followed by intermediate—acid igneous rocks, and from the North Daba Mountain area. It is recognized from the changes of sedimentary system and provenance characteristics that the sedimentary evolution of J2l in eastern Sichuan Basin was controlled by the tectonic compression of the Qinling orogenic belt. In the early stage, the lake basin was restricted to the east of the study area, and Type I provenance was dominant. With the intensifying north-south compression of the Qinling orogenic belt, the lake basin expanded rapidly and migrated northward, and the supply of Type II provenance increased. In the middle and late stages, the uplift of the North Daba Mountain led to the lake basin migration and the gradual increase in the supply of Type III provenance.

被动大陆边缘依据地貌可分为平直型与S型,前人对其控制作用的研究多集中在三角洲发育与深水沉积物输入量2个方面,而对于峡谷和海底扇的影响以及坡折的作用仍然缺乏定量化的系统研究.采用沉积正演方法,研究S型与平直型被动大陆边缘上的沉积体系特征的异同点,系统对比了沉积体系分布、沉积物配置关系、层序格架发育、演化特征,以及河流和浊积水道特征.研究表明,S型边缘三角洲欠发育,进积为主,加积为辅,峡谷内可见明显凹岸侵蚀,海底扇为沉积物主要卸载区域,总体受海平面升降影响小;而平直型边缘三角洲高度发育,加积为主,进积为辅,峡谷中上部被三角洲沉积覆盖,海底扇几乎不发育,总体受海平面升降影响大.进一步研究表明,陆架坡折导致沉积物在陆架之上贮存少,向深水区搬运多,而陆坡坡折导致沉积物在陆坡上贮存少,在峡谷口大量卸载.

The debate on the submarine canyon origin between the upslope erosion model dominated by retrogressive mass failures and the downslope erosion model controlled by gravity flows has not been fully settled. However, this debate is critical for explaining submarine canyon evolution. This study combines susceptibility mapping and stratigraphic forward modeling (SFM) to examine the origin and evolution of submarine canyons under various fluvial discharge and morphologies. The SFM work consists of dozens of hypothetical numerical experiments based on typical passive margin bathymetry with half bathymetry occupied by an incipient canyon and associated river mouth topography, and another half bathymetry by steep slopes without canyons. Evolution characteristics in both plan and cross-section views are analyzed, and the impacts of fluvial and morphological features on canyon evolution are tested.The results indicate that the submarine canyons retreat landward, tributaries develop on the canyon outer banks, and blind canyons grow landward to capture small gullies and form shelf-incising canyons. The upslope pattern is dominant regardless of changes in fluvial discharge and morphologies. The locations of tiny gullies on steep slopes determine the distribution and growth direction of submarine canyons, whereas fluvial conditions and morphology parameters affect the canyon dimensions. High fluvial discharge and high canyon sidewall slope angle promote tributary development and canyon erosion. High canyon sinuosity leads to an asymmetrical distribution of tributaries on canyon outer banks whereas high regional slope angle increases the canyon length and decreases the canyon spacing.This study settles the debate between the upslope and downslope erosion models. In addition, it refines the up slope model by highlighting the importance of small-scale gullies and testing the influence of fluvial and morphological conditions on canyon evolution. The conclusions could promote the understanding of submarine canyons and assist in reservoir exploration and hazards prevention.(c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Based on the contemporary strategy of PetroChina and the "Super Basin Thinking" initiative, we analyze the petro-leum system, the remaining oil and gas resource distribution, and the Super Basin development scheme in the Sichuan Basin with the aim of unlocking its full resource potential. We conclude that, (1) The three-stage evolution of the Sichuan Basin has resulted in the stereoscopic distribution of hydrocarbon systems dominated by natural gas. The prospecting Nanhua-rift stage gas system is potentially to be found in the ultra-deep part of the basin. The marine-cratonic stage gas system is distributed in the Sinian to Mid-Triassic formations, mainly conventional gas and shale gas resources. The foreland-basin stage tight sand gas and shale oil resources are found in the Upper Triassic Jurassic formations. Such resource base provides the foundation for the implementation of Super Basin paradigm in the Sichuan Basin. (2) To ensure larger scale hydrocarbon exploration and pro-duction, technologies regarding deep to ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs, tight-sand gas, and shale oil are necessarily to be ad-vanced. (3) In order to achieve the full hydrocarbon potential of the Sichuan Basin, pertinent exploration strategies are ex-pected to be proposed with regard to each hydrocarbon system respectively, government and policy supports ought to be strengthened, and new cooperative pattern should be established. Introducing the "Super Basin Thinking" provides references and guidelines for further deployment of hydrocarbon exploration and production in the Sichuan Basin and other developed ba-sins.

The Middle Permian Lucaogou Formation is the source rock and the main oil shale pro-ducing formation in the southeastern Junggar Basin. This study focused on the Lucaogou Formation exposed in two outcrop sections on the northern flank of the Bogda Mountain, namely the Jingjingzi-gou and Dalongkou sections. Here, we present integrated analysis of the sedimentology, major and trace elements, mineral components and total organic carbon contents. The paleo-environment was re-constructed including provenance, redox conditions, paleo-salinity, chemical weathering intensity and primary organic matter productivity. The results showed that the upper and lower units were deposited in distinct depositional environments with different organic matter accumulation mechanisms. The low- er unit was characterized by low lake level, dry climate, fresh-brackish and well-oxygenated water. While during the deposition of the upper unit the lake level rose, climate turned wetter and the bottom water became less oxidized and much saltier. The mechanism of the organic matter accumulation is dif- ferent for these two units. The preserved organic matters were mainly controlled by the primary pro- ductivity in the lower unit and by the redox conditions in the upper unit.

The basin type of the Junggar Basin changed during the Permian, but the time constraint of the tectonic evolution remains unclear. Besides, the fan deltas developed in the Permian in the Mahu Sag in the northwestern of the oil-rich basin. However, the provenances of the sedimentary systems remain unclear. Based on petrology and detrital zircon U-Pb ages, this study investigates the source-to-sink systems evolution and tectonics implications. Abundant lithic clasts in sandstones with low compositional and textural maturity imply proximal sources. The dating results showed a dominant peak (310–330 Ma) and a secondary peak (400–440 Ma) in the northern Mahu Sag, only one peak at 295–325 Ma in the central Mahu Sag, several peaks at 270–350 Ma in the southern Mahu Sag, and multiple peaks at 370–450 Ma in the Zhongguai Uplift. Thus, the north-western Junggar Basin was divided into four major source-to-sink systems, with adjacent central West Junggar as the main provenance and northern and southern West Junggar as the secondary provenance. The proportion of sediment supply from the southern and northern West Junggar is higher during the Middle-Late Permian. It suggests that the source-to-sink systems show inheritance and evolve from a single provenance into a complex provenance, indicating the uplift of West Junggar. The tectonic inversion may occur early in the Middle Permian and the response to tectonic activity is stronger in the southern West Junggar than in the northern West Junggar.

Morphology is one of the principal driving forces governing the sedimentology and evolution of delta‐canyon‐fan systems. However, quantified and systematic studies of morphological controls are still very limited. This study applied hydraulic‐based stratigraphic forward modelling to investigate the impacts of morphological parameters on sediment budget partitioning and channel network of delta‐canyon‐fan systems on passive margins. A total of six sets of stratigraphic forward models are built using 47 initial bathymetries with six varying morphological parameters: shelf gradient; shelf width; slope gradient; canyon sinuosity; canyon depth; and basin gradient. The quantified relationships between morphological parameters and sedimentological parameters (dimensions, deposition/erosion volume/area, number of tributaries and slope channels) are investigated. The causes behind the relationships are explored by analyzing the response of qualified sedimentary features to morphological controls, such as grain‐size distribution, channel migration and sequence stratigraphic frame. The results suggest that low shelf gradient, low shelf width, high canyon gradient and low canyon sinuosity are beneficial for sediment budget partitioning into deep basins and turbidity currents to flow inside canyons. Low canyon depth also promotes sediment delivery but results in more channels on canyon flanks. For the delta, channel lateral migration increases then decreases with increasing shelf gradient due to the gradient threshold in determining channel sinuosity; delta size increases then stops increasing with increasing shelf width due to the shelf width threshold in determining the balance between accommodation and sediment supply. For the canyon, low canyon gradient, high canyon sinuosity and low canyon depth have similar effects on canyons, all resulting in significant channel translation and canyon widening but less canyon head retrogradation. This study improves the knowledge of controlling factors and sediment transport regime of a delta–canyon–fan system. Moreover, the observed relationships could provide semi‐quantitative guidelines to predict the dimensions of delta–canyon–fan systems and the distribution of hydrocarbon reservoirs.

坳陷湖盆大型浅水三角洲是目前中国陆上岩性油气藏规模储量增长的主体.通过对松辽盆地南部上白垩统保乾三角洲和现代鄱阳湖赣江三角洲解剖,重点探讨湖盆浅水三角洲形成的地质背景、沉积特征与生长模式.结果表面:①坳陷湖盆具有形成大型浅水三角洲的沉积背景,敞流型湖盆导致的湖平面频繁升降控制了浅水三角洲的纵横向发育规模.②松辽盆地南部上白垩统发育2种不同类型的三角洲,深湖型三角洲一般呈朵叶状,沉积亚相展布清晰,沉积微相以分流河道、河口坝和分流河道间为主;浅湖型三角洲一般呈鸟足状或树枝状,沉积亚相分异不明显,沉积微相以分流河道和分流河道间为主,河口坝不发育;③通过现代沉积遥感定量分析,刻画了鄱阳湖赣江中支三角洲近50年的发育特征和演化规律,揭示了分流河道从分散树枝状到闭合结网状的生长过程.④坳陷湖盆大型浅水三角洲是不断发育的多期朵叶体在平面上拼接而成的复合体,其中分流河道是最重要的储集砂体类型,在平面上呈结网状分布,控制了大面积岩性油气藏的分布与富集.