为提高水中兵器的实际使用性能,一般通过水下试验来测试分析.水中兵器一般体积和内部空间较小,且受水下通信技术的局限,较难实现试验数据的实时监测.测试数据通常在试验结束后,将兵器打捞并运回技术阵地通过专用设备读取内测数据来分析得到,因此获得的数据时效性较差 [1].

采用多基地探测方式,具有探测距离远、隐蔽性好的特点,成为当前研究的热点.而相较传统的主被动探测方式,该方法在信号接收方面存在一定的差异.由于探测目标改变较大,过程中需要考虑混响对接收信号的影响,同时为不影响探测的准确性,需选择合适的检测器,以保持恒定的虚警率,最终完成目标接收的全过程.本文通过对水下环境、目标特性及接收端恒虚警技术的研究,采用适当算法对过程中的影响因素进行分析,确保多基地探测目标的可靠性.

为研究浅海高频水声信道,基于虚源法和Xiao模型建立高频水声信道模型,对其统计特性进行分析并仿真,得到高频水声信号的传播损失以及接收波形.结果表明:本文建立的高频水声模型的统计特性与理想Rice衰落过程高度吻合,传播衰减规律与球面扩展传播衰减相一致,海面(海底)反射系数对本征声线幅度衰减有明显影响.由于信道的衰减、相移以及频散等作用,接收信号波形与发射信号相比发生明显变化.

分析了潜艇管装UUV舷外装载的设备结构特点和较难通用的原因,综合运用机械传动及导向技术和三维空间定位调整技术,从总体思想以及本体结构、升降机构、横移定位组件等主要方面,阐述了三维空间适位调整的研究思路与实现方法,解决了不同平台托架位置难以调整而使UUV无法导运进管的问题.

本文概述战后德国鱼雷发展的基本情况,介绍德国第2代重型鱼雷分阶段发展的思路,详细阐述了代表型号DM2A3和DM2A4鱼雷的技术路线和研发过程,展望了近几年德国鱼雷武器转型发展的未来方向.

By studying the technical schemes and performance characteristics of typical commercial underwater gliders abroad, combined with the task division of UUV in the U.S. Navy UUV master plan, the shell, buoyancy device, flank and stabilizer, energy system, control, sensor, communication/navigation, release and recovery of military underwater gliders are studied with under?water sustainability, voyage and navigation as the main military requirements. In this way, a reasonable plan can be gotten to meet the needs of the army.

远程诱骗型无人水下航行器(UUV)是一种可提升体系作战能力的新型水下信息战武器,由于作战过程独立,作战范围广,其使命任务与传统自航式诱饵有显著区别,目前对其作战效能的系统研究较少.文中依据远程诱骗型UUV作战过程及使命任务,提出了其掩护潜艇作战效能评价指标.通过对比分析反潜巡逻机搜潜概率模型,构建了单枚远程诱骗型UUV诱骗反潜巡逻机概率模型,结合其诱骗反潜巡逻机过程,定义了战术对抗周期,并构建了诱骗反潜巡逻机的牵制时间模型,依据多枚远程诱骗型UUV的作战使用特点,建立了多枚诱饵诱骗反潜巡逻机的诱骗概率模型和牵制时间模型;依据现有经验建立了远程诱骗型UUV诱骗水下监听系统概率模型,在此基础上系统分析了诱骗型UUV掩护潜艇突破封锁的作战效能.基于典型作战想定,采用蒙特卡洛法进行了诱骗型UUV掩护潜艇突破反潜巡逻机和水下监听系统组成的反潜体系的作战效能仿真,仿真结果表明,远程诱骗型UUV作战效能与其航速、数量及突防战术等因素有关,最后给出了提升远程诱骗型UUV作战效能的方法和措施.

为解决以往磁偶极子反演定位算法过度非线性化使得计算难度过大,以及非线性问题线性化后不易求得全局最优解等问题,提出了一种新的基于动磁测量技术(DMMT)的水下目标近场定位算法.该算法非线性化程度适中,具有多信息融合与数据快速处理的特点,试验验证该算法可实现动磁源的近场准确定位,且利用拟牛顿法(BFGS)可使计算简单易行.该算法可用于鱼雷近场定位,在水下探测、追踪、末弹道测绘等领域有重要用途.

为了丰富鱼雷近场定位方法,文中基于动磁测量技术(DMMT)与磁偶极子反演定位模型,提出了一种新的鱼雷近场定位技术,并构建了相应测量系统.通过陆上试验,验证了该技术可实现动磁源的近场准确定位,且测量系统具有较高的精度和稳定性.该技术可为鱼雷靶场建设中的末弹道与脱靶量测量、过靶相对态势判断等研究提供参考.

水下无人平台使用“蜂群”战术相比于有人潜艇在作战时具备数量优势、网络优势、成本优势和时敏优势,基于“蜂群”战术思想构建水下无人平台集群体系结构以及指挥层次,并利用作战环理论对水下无人平台运用“蜂群”战术进行集群体系对抗作战进行了分析,研究成果对进一步认识以水下无人平台为作战单元开展水下中心战具有一定的指导意义.

建立了基于潜艇涡流场检测技术的潜艇探潜效能分析模型,从特征、可行性、搜索效率、发现目标概率等几个方面,分析了潜艇涡流场检测技术的探潜能力,通过与声纳对比,研究得出涡流探潜具有更高探潜效能和更好的稳定性.

The basic characteristics of the torpedo anti submarine warfare are analyzed based on the guidance of vortex.And the model of torpedo attack and hit is established.The hitting efficiency of submarine-launched torpedo which guided by vortex is achieved by simulation calculation.Compared with the traditional guiding method, the torpedo based on vortex guidance has a wider angle of attack and better stability.And the conclusion has been proved in the research.

针对目前鱼雷远海训练的实际需求,依据操雷技术现状及远海海洋环境特点,分析了远海操雷实射训练中可能存在的问题及技术需求,从鱼雷技术层面探索了解决问题的主要方法,提出了满足操雷远海训练需求的动力适配性、免回收自沉、数据回传及信息自毁等可行性技术设想.文中研究的内容可为鱼雷装备研制提供参考,也可促进部队合理使用武器以提升训练水平.

针对通用化操雷系统的使用需求,开发了操雷系统等效模拟及实时监控装置,阐述了其系统组成及工作流程,基于可扩展通用开发平台的设计思路,从Visual Basic(VB)的技术特点及运用、嵌入式工控机技术、基于DTE3216和USB20D的多通道高速数据采集技术以及操作界面和软件流程设计等方面阐述了技术对策及实现方法.这一装置可替代实际操雷系统参与鱼雷检测调试,实现状态在线监控,减少装备损耗,提高工作效率.

Based on the analysis on existing automatic operation,control and detection technique of charge and discharge of torpedo power battery,a scheme of novel automatic manipulation system for charge and discharge of torpedo power battery is presented.The designs and implementation methods of the master control part,the signal transmission part,the power drive and execution part,the man-machine control interface,and the modularized power supply,as well as the overall structure and layout of the micro control unit(MCU),are explained.The charging process of 120 batteries in series shows that the system can realize the functions of overall automatic control,unmanned online remote monitoring of torpedo power battery charge and discharge with power-off protection,and automatic charge cut-off or recovery in the cases of abnormal parameters(such as sudden change of voltage or over-fast rise of temperature) and full capacity.

Current effectiveness evaluation is unable to sufficiently display the relation between time and complicated effectiveness indexes of torpedo.Some new evaluation indexes,including storage operational availability,charge reliability,mission reliability,were advanced based on the preparative time and number of torpedo.Mathematical models and statistical models of effectiveness were set up during the technology preparation period.A model was set up based on the system parameters and regulation parameters applying the theory of Monte-Carlo sampling,discrete event simulation and mathematical statistical.The results of its application show that the model can not only simulate effectiveness of torpedo weapon,but also analyse sensitivity and offer auxiliary decision-making during the technology preparation period.

Based on reliability and safety requirements for the flight and tracking of antisubmarine missile,this paper analyzes the physical process and control technology of antisubmarine missile terminal trajectory from the stage decomposition in air,the trajectory control before parachuting,the physical process of a parachute opening and the trajectory and control of missile-parachute system.Then it summarizes the basic mathematical equations of air vertical plane trajectory and the energy equation of parachute,derives the basic kinetic equation of missile-parachute system.And it elaborates the key technologies and typical components water-entry and buffer of antisubmarine missile from external load and impact environment,dynamic response analysis of missile structure,stability and water-entry buffering technology.This paper provides a theoretical basis with the design and using of antisubmarine missile.

In order to increase the intelligence level of multi-channel insulation and resistance measurement.this paper puts forward a new design of the multi-channel resistance measuring instrument which has Atmega 16 to control the multi-dot choosing relays and uses Max 134 as the core part of AD convert & digital disposal.The experiment results show that the instrument is suitable for application due to its large measure scale,good reliability and accuracy.

According to the requirement of threat information acquisition for ship early underwater defense,this paper analyzes the tactic and technical indexes of incoming torpedo warning system,including the detection range,working band,action space,signal recognition,automation and time continuity,explains the information sources and the signal characteristics extraction of the incoming torpedo warning system in terms of the prior information,initial noise,sail noise,active acoustic homing signal and target signal classification.Furthermore,this paper also discusses the basic principles,design features,and key technologies of the incoming torpedo warning system in the case of passive towed linear cluster-type multi-element array sonar.This study may provide reference for torpedo design optimization under countermeasure condition.

Starting from the attack decision criterion of submarine-launched torpedo and the requirements of battlefield usage of wire-guided torpedo,the necessary conditions of attack decision for wire-guided torpedo are put forward to meet the specialty of guidance methods of wire-guided torpedo.Based on these conditions,the problems concerning the battlefield usage of wire-guided torpedo are discussed in detail.