Depression is a major problem in the modern society. The pathogenesis of depression is a research hotspot in the field of neuroscience. The proved mechanisms of depression include monoamine neurotransmitter hypothesis, gene-environment interaction, neurogenesis, neuroplasticity, immune activation and suppression, etc. With the deepening of research, the roles of "brain-gut interaction", "muscle-brain crosstalk", and adipocytokines in the sports antidepressant field has been discovered. As an endocrine organ, the role of bone tissue in anti-depressive exercise remains to be revealed. Based on this, this research innovatively explores the biological effects and mechanisms of uncarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOCN) in exercise anti-depression from the perspective of “bone-brain crosstalk”, and further reveals the relationship between bone endocrine activity and the molecular regulation of sports antidepressant. ucOCN is a specific non-collagen protein secreted by osteoblasts (OB). After entering the blood, it acts on the hippocampus, cingulate gyrus and other brain tissues, and triggers a cascade reaction through targeting cell membrane receptors to regulate neurodevelopment, neuroplasticity and bone endocrine-nerve response system. Exercise promotes the secretion of ucOCN and has a significant antidepressant effect, but there are few studies focusing on the molecular mechanism. Based on integrated biological theory and bone endocrine function, through analysis of current research, we found several mechanisms by which ucOCN mediating exercise antidepressant. Firstly, ucOCN regulates neurotransmitters expression: exercise induces high expression of ucOCN which inhibits γ-amino groups butyric acid (GABA) expression to improve depression-like behavior. Secondly, ucOCN regulates neuroendocrine secretion: ucOCN activates the HPA axis to promote adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), mineralocorticoid, cortisol and other secretions to improve depression-like behavior. In addition, ucOCN also activates G protein-coupled receptors 158 (Gpr158)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway to promote neurotransmitter secretion and further regulate depression occurring. Thirdly, ucOCN regulates neuroimmunity: ucOCN activates the ERK and STAT pathways and down-regulates the expression of IL-6 and IL-8 in the hippocampus, and then through malondialdehyde (MDA)/super up-regulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD)/nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1(HO1) pathway to increase expression of VGF and BDNF, which further improve depression-like behaviors. Taken together, these results provide a solid theoretical basis for the mechanism of ucOCN in sports anti-depression. We also provides new research directions and ideas for sports anti-depression, and provide a new perspective for enriching the biological mechanism network of sports brain.

背景:2型糖尿病是因能量代谢紊乱导致的疾病.肌肉和骨骼在运动刺激条件下,通过其内分泌功能参与机体的能量代谢调控.目前,相关"肌-骨"Crosstalk介导运动调控2型糖尿病骨代谢作用机制的研究较少.目的:通过分析运动如何调控"肌-骨"Crosstalk分泌相关因子的表达水平,并作用于骨组织的病理原因,探讨基于"肌-骨"Crosstalk运动介导2型糖尿病骨代谢的作用机制.方法:检索知网(CNKI)、万方及PubMed等数据库2012年至2021年近10年的相关文献;中英文检索词为:运动,2型糖尿病,骨代谢,"肌-骨"Crosstalk,肌肉因子和exercise,type 2 diabetes mellitus,bone metabolism,"muscle-bone"Crosstalk,muscle factor.经过筛选后对纳入的50篇相关文献进行了分析探讨.结果 与结论:肌肉骨骼中的生物活性因子,一部分以内分泌方式作用于骨骼,如肌肉生长抑制素(Myostatin)、骨形态发生蛋白和肌肉素等;另一部分以旁分泌方式作用于骨骼,如胰岛素样生长因子1、白细胞介素6和鸢尾素等,参与骨代谢调节,平衡骨组织中成骨细胞的骨形成和破骨细胞的骨吸收,成为运动介导肌骨系统的信使因子.运动是调控能量代谢的重要手段,其介导的内部刺激变化能够引发肌细胞和骨细胞的信号应答,激活Wnt、BMP/Smads、转化生长因子β等信号通路,从而调节肌肉骨骼系统的内分泌功能,促进代谢适应,影响2型糖尿病骨代谢.

大学生心理健康问题高发,而体育锻炼是改善心理健康的重要手段.体育专业大学生由于所从事专业的特殊性,要经常参加体育训练,在一定程度上,体育专业学生的心理健康状况要好于非体育专业学生.然而,体育专业大学生在心理方面既有优点,也存在一定问题.在关注普通专业大学生心理健康的同时,体育专业大学生心理健康问题也格外重要.为此,该研究通过对体育专业大学生心理健康问题进行梳理,分析存在的优点与不足,找出问题原因,并提出了不断改进和完善的思路和方法.以期为高校体育专业大学生心理健康问题预防和解决提供一定的理论借鉴.

青少年作为电子竞技运动的主体,负面影响不容小觑,但电竞作为新兴的体育项目,对青少年抑郁症是否存在积极作用引发思考。本文从电子竞技的发展现状入手,分析电子竞技影响青少年抑郁的因素,指出电子竞技发展对青少年心理健康存在的隐忧。同时结合电子竞技的优势以及运动干预背景,就电竞防治抑郁症提出对策和可行性建议,以期促进电子竞技健康有序发展的同时保障青少年心理健康。

在我国经济快速发展、社会体育发生"剧变"和《"健康中国2030"规划纲要》等国家战略颁布的新情况、新国情等新时代背景下,探索现行符合我国社会发展需求的社会体育指导与管理(以下简称:社体)专业人才培养体系尤为重要.文章旨在为探寻新时代背景下普通高等院校社体专业高层次专业人才培养体系的未来发展走向提供借鉴.针对目前国内社体专业人才培养面临的现实困境,系统分析发展中遇到的困难,探索以社会和市场需求为"先决"导向,以多学科跨界融合为"创新"平台的专业人才培养模式方案,指出:多学科跨界融合、市场引导专业设置、专业方向精准化等的人才培养体系路径,是解决目前社体专业人才培养中所存在的问题、矛盾冲突、提升市场与人才需求高度契合的可靠途径.