对高压架空输电线路进行准确的故障测距是保证电力系统安全稳定运行的有效途径之一.为此,文章比较全面地介绍了国内外在此方面的发展历程和研究现状.根据各测距算法采用的原理不同,将现有的各种测距算法分为行波测距、单端测距和双端测距三类,然后逐类对各种算法的理论基础和应用条件上进行了分析、对比和讨论,并在此基础上总结得出了各测距算法的优点及存在的问题,指出了每种测距算法的适用范围和应用局限性.最后,对高压架空输电线路故障测距的研究及应用前景进行了展望.

对基于FLS的工频单端测距新方法进行了大量的数值仿真.算例仿真表明,该方法可有效地削弱对端系统阻抗变化对测距精度影响,测距精度明显高于传统的整定法.

A new technique of on-line (adaptive) estimation for the parameters of the transmission line is put forward. The whole length of the transmission line is assumed as the horizontal distance between the towers, and all factors affecting the location parameters are taken account of by the variation of the location parameters of transmission line. Thus with the aid of the communication device equipped on the double-terminal (or multi-terminal) transmission line, the location parameters will be estimated adaptively and at quasi-real-time. With this technique and the apparatus already available in the double-terminal fault location, the precision of location could be greatly immune from the external interference from the variation of line parameters, especially from the variation caused by tough climate or severe cold in some areas where the lines pass through.

Based on a lot of simulations of different algorithms for two-terminal fault location which were carried out on thetransmission line with distributed parameter. the robustness of the algorithms. i. e., its capability to adapt to different typesof faults and to suppress all kinds of disturbances is explicitly put forward. Considering effect of robustness of algorithms.two new algorithms for two-terminal fault location with a form of fraction are brought forward, which avoid the datasynchronization between the two terminals. From the results of theoretical analysis and data simulation. it can be concludedthat these two new algorithms excel the existing congener algorithms by higher precision and stronger robustness. and alsoexcel the synchronous algorithm with GPS for some range of the error of measured voltages and currents.

首次把模糊逻辑系统(FLS)引入到高压架空输电线的故障测距中,提出了基于FLS的工频单端测距新方法.该方法实际上是一种广义整定法,它不是用一个而是一组阻抗典型值(一个阻抗集合)来整定对端系统,而FLS是实现这种方法的一个载体.