Selinexor treats lung cancer, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). This review summarizes the prevalence and types of lung cancer and emphasizes the challenges associated with current treatments like resistance and limited effectiveness. Selinexor is a selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE) that has emerged as a potential therapy that targets the nuclear export of tumor suppressor proteins. The mechanisms of selinexor, its potential in combination therapies, and challenges like side effects and drug resistance are explained in this review. Key findings highlight the effectiveness of selinexor in preclinical studies, particularly against KRAS-mutant NSCLC and in combination with chemotherapy for SCLC. The review concludes with a discussion of future directions and underscores the potential of selinexor to improve the treatment strategies for lung cancer.

Intrinsic genetic alterations and dynamic transcriptional changes contribute to the heterogeneity of solid tumors. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is characterized by its significant histological, cellular and molecular heterogeneity. The present study aimed to study the spatial transcriptomics of primary LUAD with initial hopes to decipher molecular characteristics of subtype transitions in LUAD progression, offering new insights for novel therapeutic strategies. Spatial transcriptomics libraries were first generated from tumor samples collected from patients with LUAD who underwent surgical resection in The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University in 2022 and were sequenced using Illumina NovaSeq 6000 system. The processed data were analyzed for differential gene expressions and networks, and were annotated according to cell type, spatial ligand-receptor interaction and trajectory inference. Our analysis revealed 34 annotated cell types, with cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) being the most abundant, playing a crucial role in tumor microenvironment remodeling and prognosis. We noted significant spatial correlations between various immune cells and found that different histological subtypes displayed unique cell composition profiles, particularly in the micropapillary subtype, which exhibited higher macrophage proportions and distinct gene expression pathways related to extracellular matrix organization and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. Additionally, we explored the dedifferentiation states within these subtypes, identifying that region with higher dedifferentiation scores corresponded to increased tumor invasiveness and potential drug resistance. Our findings demonstrate dynamic biological changes and dedifferentiation states of tumor subtypes during the progression process. This study reveals important biological processes in tumor development and may offer valuable guidance for future therapeutic strategies.

BackgroundDespite advances in immunotherapy, durable responses in lung cancer remain limited to a subset of patients, underscoring the need for biomarkers capturing spatial immune-tumor interactions. Current methods, such as PD-L1 immunohistochemistry, suffer from sampling bias and fail to decode dynamic immune evasion mechanisms non-invasively.MethodsWe developed a radiomics framework integrating longitudinal tumor growth kinetics (log volume change rate, LVCR) with deep learning to: (1) delineate tumors via medical knowledge-guided segmentation; and (2) derive an Immune Evasion Score (IES) predicting immunosuppressive niches. The model employs immune-aware attention gates (IAAG) to prioritize regions associated with aggressive growth (high LVCR) and immune evasion.ResultsValidated on 420 CT scans, our approach achieved superior segmentation accuracy (Dice=0.7728 ± 0.03; HD95 = 9.8 ± 1.5 mm) over existing models. Critically, the IES predicted PD-L1 expression (AUC = 0.85; *p*<0.001) and CD8+ T-cell exclusion (*p*<0.01). High IES correlated with rapid immunotherapy progression (HR = 2.3, *p*=0.004), and spatial analysis confirmed 72.3% concordance between IAAG-prioritized regions and pathological PD-L1+ niches.ConclusionThis work establishes a non-invasive paradigm for mapping immunosuppressive microenvironments, bridging precision radiotherapy with immunotherapy personalization. The IES provides a dynamic biomarker of immune evasion, potentially guiding patient stratification for checkpoint inhibitors.

BackgroundLung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. With advancements in molecularly targeted therapies, Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations have emerged as critical therapeutic targets in advanced lung adenocarcinoma. However, the EGFR p.L833V/p.H835L compound mutations are relatively uncommon, and their clinical characteristics and therapeutic response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) remain poorly defined.Case presentationThis study reports two cases of advanced lung adenocarcinoma harboring the EGFR p.L833V/p.H835L compound mutation, both treated with furmonertinib. Case 1 was a 62-year-old male, and Case 2 was a 61-year-old female, both diagnosed through tissue biopsy and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Following treatment, both patients achieved partial response (PR), with progression-free survival (PFS) of 29 months and not available (NA, >12 months), respectively, demonstrating good tolerability.ResultsFurmonertinib appears to be an effective treatment for advanced lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR p.L833V/p.H835L compound mutations.ConclusionThis study further supports the therapeutic potential of furmonertinib in EGFR-mutant lung cancer.

Pulmonary nodules are the main manifestations of early lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer is the most common histological type of lung cancer, and the main histological classification of non-small cell lung cancer is lung adenocarcinoma. The present study aimed to analyze the differentially expressed genes between patients with benign and malignant pulmonary nodules, and to identify potential therapeutic targets for lung adenocarcinoma. Sequencing data for benign and malignant pulmonary nodule samples and samples with no nodules were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus GSE135304 dataset. Differential gene analysis showed that S100 calcium binding protein P (S100P), ribonuclease A family member 2 (RNASE2), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C and mast cell expressed membrane protein 1 (C19orf59) were significantly upregulated among the blood samples collected from patients with malignant pulmonary nodules. Results from Kaplan-Meier plotter datasets showed that S100P, RNASE2 and C19orf59 were associated with the prognosis of lung cancer. RNASE2 expression was positively associated with nodule size and negatively associated with lung cancer prognosis. Moreover, RNASE2 was highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissues compared with that in normal tissues. CCK-8 and Transwell assays indicated that overexpressed RNASE2 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells. In lung adenocarcinoma cells, RNASE2 was identified as a downstream target of microRNA (miR)-185-5p and was regulated by it. Inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion were observed following overexpression of miR-185-5p. Overexpression of RNASE2 reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-185-5p overexpression. In conclusion, in blood samples from patients with malignant pulmonary nodules and lung adenocarcinoma tissues, RNASE2 was found to be upregulated. High RNASE2 expression was associated with poor overall survival. miR-185-5p inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells by downregulating RNASE2 expression. These findings have implications for guiding therapeutic strategies.

The debate continues whether the expression of the same rare genetic mutation in multiple primary lung cancers suggests intrapulmonary metastasis or truly multiple primary lung cancers. We report a case of a 54-year-old female patient who presented with multiple nodules in the right lung discovered during a routine examination, persisting for six months. The patient had three central lesions in the right lung’s upper, middle, and lower lobes. She underwent thoracoscopic wedge resection, and the postoperative pathology reported two minimally invasive adenocarcinoma and one adenocarcinoma in situ. Interestingly, genetic testing for lung cancer-related driver genes revealed the presence of the rare RET mutation in all three nodules. This led us to speculate that these nodules might have the exact origin rather than being multiple primaries. To verify this hypothesis, we conducted further testing on these nodules, including whole-exome sequencing (The NGS data was generated from the Illumina sequencing platform by Novogene Co. Ltd, Beijing, China). The results indicated that although all three nodules expressed the RET mutation, there was significant heterogeneity in the gene mutations (differences in the number of cellular mutations, substitution composition levels, and clustering analysis of the three nodules). Thus, the patient was considered to have multiple primary lung cancers. In such cases, whole-exome sequencing can distinguish whether the nodules have the exact origin.

Lung cancer is the most common cancer in the world and has a consistently high mortality rate, with the majority of patients being diagnosed at an advanced stage. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers through metabolomics to provide clues for the diagnosis and treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We enrolled two prospective cohorts with a total of 180 patients (115 patients with I-II a NSCLC and 65 healthy controls) and tested serum samples for tumour markers, cytokines, and 306 metabolites by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‒MS/MS). In both the discovery and validation cohorts, there were 57 differentially abundant metabolites in the serum between patients with early-stage NSCLC and healthy controls, which were concentrated in the fatty acid metabolic pathway and amino acid metabolic pathway. Finally, three metabolites with significant differences were screened as isoleucine, 5Z-dodecenoic acid and 9E-tetradecenoic acid. The AUC of centralized combined diagnosis reached 0.95. This study provides new evidence that abnormalities in valine, leucine, and isoleucine metabolism and dysregulation of fatty acid synthesis may play important roles in the development of NSCLC.

Esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EJA) has increased in recent years, and it exhibits a poor prognosis and a short survival period for patients. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cancer and has been studied as a diagnostic factor in some tumor diseases. However, few studies have explored the diagnostic value of H2S for EJA. In the present study, a total of 56 patients with early-stage EJA were enrolled while 57 healthy individuals were selected as the healthy control group. Clinical features were recorded, and exhaled H2S and blood samples were collected from both groups. Exhaled H2S and serum interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression levels were detected in both groups. The correlation between exhaled H2S and serum IL-8 levels was analyzed using Pearson's correlation method. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of exhaled H2S combined with IL-8 detection in EJA. The results showed that patients with EJA exhaled more H2S than healthy individuals. In addition, exhaled H2S was positively correlated with increased IL-8 expression. The ROC curve revealed that the exhaled H2S test had an acceptable diagnostic effect and could be used to diagnose EJA. The increase in H2S exhaled by patients with EJA indicated that H2S may be related to the occurrence and development of EJA; however, the in vivo mechanism needs to be further explored. Collectively, it was determined in the present study that exhaled H2S was significantly higher in patients with early-stage EJA than in healthy controls and combined diagnosis with patient serum IL-8 could improve diagnostic accuracy, which has potential diagnostic value for early diagnosis and screening of EJA.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the levels of cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) in colon cancer tissues compared with adjacent control tissues; and to examine the relationship between CBS level and clinical characteristics and prognosis. METHODS:This retrospective study enrolled patients with primary colon cancer. Paraffin-embedded specimens were used to create pathological tissue microarrays. Immunohistochemistry was performed on the microarray to detect the levels of CBS in colon cancer tissues and normal adjacent tissues. Analyses were undertaken to examine the relationship between the level of CBS and clinical characteristics and prognosis. RESULTS:A total of 216 patients (107 males and 109 females) were included in the study. The level of CBS in cancer tissues was found to be significantly increased compared with normal adjacent control tissues. There were significant differences in tumour location, tumour-node-metastasis stage and survival rate between the CBS-negative and CBS-positive groups. Positive CBS immunostaining was associated with decreased survival in colon cancer patients. The results of multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that tumour location and positive CBS immunostaining were independent prognostic factors for survival. CONCLUSION:Positive CBS immunostaining was closely associated with colon cancer and high levels of CBS might accelerate tumour development and affect patient prognosis in colon cancer.

Objective To investigate the levels of cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) in colon cancer tissues compared with adjacent control tissues; and to examine the relationship between CBS level and clinical characteristics and prognosis. Methods This retrospective study enrolled patients with primary colon cancer. Paraffin-embedded specimens were used to create pathological tissue microarrays. Immunohistochemistry was performed on the microarray to detect the levels of CBS in colon cancer tissues and normal adjacent tissues. Analyses were undertaken to examine the relationship between the level of CBS and clinical characteristics and prognosis. Results A total of 216 patients (107 males and 109 females) were included in the study. The level of CBS in cancer tissues was found to be significantly increased compared with normal adjacent control tissues. There were significant differences in tumour location, tumour-node-metastasis stage and survival rate between the CBS-negative and CBS-positive groups. Positive CBS immunostaining was associated with decreased survival in colon cancer patients. The results of multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that tumour location and positive CBS immunostaining were independent prognostic factors for survival. Conclusion Positive CBS immunostaining was closely associated with colon cancer and high levels of CBS might accelerate tumour development and affect patient prognosis in colon cancer. Keywords Cystathionine-β-synthase , colon cancer , immunohistochemistry

The prevalence of negative emotions in tumor patients is significantly higher than that in non-tumor patients and normal population. Anxiety, fear, depression, and other negative emotions can affect the cancer patients' life quality, and some patients will also show bad behaviors, which seriously endanger their physical and mental health. Fears with corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic and the inconvenience caused by the epidemic aggravate the negative emotion of tumor patients. This article analyzes the causes and manifestations and proposes countermeasures of the negative emotions, in order to change the bad behaviors of cancer patients, improve their quality of life, and help them complete regular anti-tumor treatment.

Inhibin subunit beta A (INHBA) is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily that plays a fundamental role in various cancers. However, a systematic analysis of the exact role of INHBA in patients with gastric cancer (GC) has not yet been conducted. We evaluated the expression levels of INHBA and the correlation between INHBA and GC prognosis in GC. The relationship between INHBA expression, immune infiltration levels, and type markers of immune cells in GC was also explored. In addition, we studied INHBA mutations, promoter methylation, and functional enrichment analysis. Besides, high expression levels of INHBA in GC were significantly related to unfavorable prognosis. INHBA was negatively correlated with B cell infiltration, but positively correlated with macrophage and most anticancer immunity steps. INHBA expression was positively correlated with the type markers of CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. INHBA has a weak significant methylation level change between tumor and normal tissues and mainly enriched in cancer-related signaling pathways. The present study implies that INHBA may serve as a potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis of patients with GC. INHBA is a promising predictor of immunotherapy response, with higher levels of INHBA indicating greater sensitivity.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the expression of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and the microvascular density (MVD) and clinicopathological features. Firstly, the expression status of CBS in diffuse carcinoma and LUSC was searched through the public bioinformatics database. Subsequently, immunohistochemical staining and scoring were performed on tumor tissues and matched normal tissues from 108 LUSC patients to assess CBS expression; the MVD of tumor tissues was also detected. The results showed that CBS was overexpressed in some tumor tissues, including LUSC. Immunohistochemical results showed that the positive expression rate of CBS in tumor tissues (63.0%) was higher than that in normal tissues (17.6%). The expression of CBS was correlated with T (p=0.01), N (p=0.004), TNM (p=0.011) stages, and tumor differentiation degrees (p<0.001), with the increase of T, N, and TNM stages or the decrease of differentiation, the expression level of CBS also increased. In addition, the expression level of CBS was positively correlated with MVD (r=0.6997, p<0.0001). Survival analysis showed that the survival rate of the CBS negative expression group was better than that of the positive expression group (p=0.004). Cox multivariate analysis showed that CBS expression status (p<0.001), T stages (p=0.020), and TNM stages (p=0.021) were independent factors affecting the prognosis of LUSC. In conclusion, the high expression of CBS affects tumor development and is associated with the poor prognosis of LUCS, which may be used as a biomarker to evaluate prognosis and find a new direction for the treatment of LUSC.

目的 探讨转钴胺1(transcobalamin 1,TCN1)在结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)及其肺转移组织中的表达状况及其临床意义.方法 收集2009年5月～2019年1月我院收治的42例CRC肺转移病人的结肠镜活检组织、CRC及癌旁正常黏膜组织、肺转移癌组织、正常肺组织蜡块病理标本,用免疫组化法检测以上组织中TCN1表达状况,分析TCN1表达水平与CRC病人临床特点及与新辅助化疗的关系.结果 CRC及其肺转移癌组织中TCN1表达水平高于癌旁结直肠黏膜组织及正常肺组织(P<0.01).CRC肺转移癌组织中TCN1表达水平与CRC组织中TCN1表达水平相似,两组之间TCN1表达强弱比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.588).肠镜活检CRC组织中TCN1表达水平与手术切除CRC组织中表达水平一致(P<0.01),接受新辅助化疗后CRC组织中TCN1表达水平降低.结论 TCN1在CRC及CRC肺转移癌组织中高表达,在肠镜活检组织中与手术切除组织中表达水平一致,新辅助化疗可以降低CRC组织中的TCN1表达水平,有望作为预测CRC肺转移和化疗敏感性的生物学标志物.

Background:Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as key players in the development and progression of cancer. Several malignancies involve dysregulated long noncoding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) in non-small cell lung cancer cell growth and their aggressive phenotypes. LncRNA B4GALT1-AS1 is important in the advancement of various malignancies, although its contribution to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unexplored.Methods:LncRNA B4GALT1-AS1 in NSCLC tissues was detected and further validated in a cohort of non-small cell lung cancer tissues. The effects of lncRNA B4GALT1-AS1 on proliferation were determined by in vitro experiments. The B4GALT1-AS1-miR-144-3p-ZEB1 axis was assessed by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Furthermore, the mechanism of B4GALT1-AS1 was investigated using loss-of-function assays in vitro.Results:We showed significant upregulation of B4GALT1-AS1 in cell lines and tissues of NSCLC. B4GALT1-AS1 knockdown impeded the in vitro proliferation-related characteristics of the NSCLC cells. The demonstration of the binding capacity of B4GALT1-AS1 and miR-144-3p was predicted by bioinformatics and luciferase reporter activity assay. The B4GALT1-AS1 and miR-144-3p interaction was shown by using rescue experiments. NSCLC has a positive association with its target, zinc finger e-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1).Conclusions:In summary, the progression of NSCLC was facilitated by lncRNA B4GALT1-AS1 via interaction with miR-144-3p and positive regulation of ZEB1 expression.

The adoptive cell therapy (ACT) and delivery of ex vivo activated cellular products, such as dendritic cells (DCs), NK cells, and T cells, have shown promise for the treatment of gastric cancer (GC). However, it is unknown which cells can improve patient survival. This study was focused on the antitumour activity of a subset of these cellular products and their relationships with clinical outcomes. Nineteen patients were enrolled at the Capital Medical University Cancer Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, from June 1, 2013, to May 30, 2016. CD8+PD1+ T-cell sorting was carried out using flow cytometry, and the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire during ex vivo expansion for 15 days was analyzed by next-generation sequencing. After 15 days of culture, the number of CD8+ T cells had increased significantly, and the number of CD4+ T cells had increased correspondingly. After ex vivo expansion, CD8+ T cells exhibited significantly enhanced expression of PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 but not 4-1BB. Survival analysis showed that patients with a pro/pre value of CD8+PD-1+ T cells >2.4 had significantly favorable overall survival (OS) (median OS time, 248 days versus 96 days, P=0.02) and progression-free survival (PFS) (median PFS time, 183 days vs. 77 days, P=0.002). The sorted CD8+PD-1+ T cells displayed enhanced antitumor activity and increased IFN-γ secretion after coculture with autologous tumor cell lines. TCR repertoire diversity was decreased after ex vivo expansion, which decreased the Shannon index and increased the clonality value. The prognosis of patients was significantly improved and was associated with the extent of CD8+PD-1+ T-cell expansion. In summary, this study showed that after ex vivo expansion for 15 days, CD8+PD-1+ T cells could be identified as tumor-reactive cells in patients treated for GC. Changing TCR species can predict the extent of CD3+CD8+PD1+ T-cell growth and the effect of ACT treatment.

BackgroundSynchronous multiple ground-glass nodules (SMGGNs) in synchronous multiple lung cancers are associated with specific imaging findings. It is difficult to distinguish whether multiple nodules are primary tumors or metastatic lesions in the lungs. The need for PET/CT and contrast-enhanced brain MRI for these patients remains unclear. This study investigated the necessity of these two imaging examinations for SMGGN patients by means of retrospective analysis.MethodsSMGGN patients who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from October 2017 to May 2020 and underwent whole-body PET/CT(Cranial excepted) and/or contrast-enhanced brain MRI+DWI were enrolled in this study. We analyzed the imaging and clinical characteristics of these patients to evaluate SMGGN patients’ need to undergo whole-body PET/CT and brain MRI examination.ResultsA total of 87 SMGGN patients were enrolled. 51 patients underwent whole-body PET/CT examinations and did not show signs of primary tumors in other organs, metastatic foci in other organs, or metastasis to surrounding lymph nodes. 87 patients underwent whole-brain MRI, which did not reveal brain metastases but did detect an old cerebral infarction in 23 patients and a new cerebral infarction in one patient. 87 patients underwent surgical treatment in which 219 nodules were removed. All nodules were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma or atypical adenomatous hyperplasia. No lymph node metastasis was noted.ConclusionFor SMGGN patients, PET/CT and enhanced cranial MRI are unnecessary for SMGGNs patients, but from the perspective of perioperative patient safety, preoperative MRI+DWI examination is recommended for SMGGNs patients.

BackgroundIt is still unclear whether stage I lung adenocarcinoma patients with tumour spread through air spaces (STAS) can benefit from postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) after lobectomy. This study investigated the effect of ACT on the postoperative survival of patients with stage I (STAS+) lung adenocarcinoma.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed the clinical data of stage I (STAS+) invasive lung adenocarcinoma patients who underwent lobectomy in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of our hospital from January 1, 2013 to January 1, 2016. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to group patients to investigate whether ACT could lead to better prognosis of patients.ResultsA total of 593 patients with stage I (STAS+) lung adenocarcinoma were enrolled. The study after PSM included 406 patients. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed the experimental group had a better 3-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate (p = 0.037) and the 5-year RFS rate (p = 0.022) than the control group. It also had higher 5-year overall survival (p = 0.017). The multivariate analysis by Cox proportional hazard regression model showed that stage I STAS+ lung adenocarcinoma patients with lymphatic vessel invasion (HR: 1.711, 95% CI: 1.052-2.784; p = 0.045), vascular invasion (HR: 5.014, 95% CI: 3.154-7.969; p < 0.001), and visceral pleural invasion (HR: 2.086, 95% CI: 1.162-3.743; p = 0.014), and without ACT (HR: 1.675, 95% CI: 1.043-2.689; p = 0.033) had a significant survival disadvantage.ConclusionACT can boost the postoperative survival of patients with stage I (STAS+) lung adenocarcinoma.

OBJECTIVESTo reveal the expression level of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) in adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG) and discuss the relationship between CBS expression level and tumor microvascular density (MVD), clinical features and prognosis.METHODSParaffin samples from 214 patients with AEG were selected to make pathological microchips. Immunohistochemistry was performed based on the microchips to detect the expression level of CBS and microvascular density (MVD) in cancer tissues and adjacent control tissues. Relationships between expression level of CBS and MVD, clinical characteristics and prognosis were analyzed.RESULTSIn total, 214 AEG cases were classified into three groups: CBS negative staining (n=26), low staining (n=44), and high staining (n=144). Quantitative alterations in CBS and CD31 expression were explored using immunohistochemistry. The 5-year recurrence rate of enrolled patients was followed up and found that CBS expression was significantly increased in tumor tissue compared with adjacent non-tumor tissue (P<0.0001). There were significant differences in microvascular density between the groups with negative and high CBS staining (P<0.0001), and between the groups with low and high CBS staining (P<0.0001). Univariate analysis revealed significant differences in tumor stage (P<0.0001), T stage (P=0.008), N stage (P=0.028), differentiation degree (P=0.037), and 5-year survival (P=0.0034) among the three groups. Multivariate logic regression analysis showed that increased CBS scores were associated with an increased probability of 5-year recurrence (P=0.018). Finally, different CBS expression levels were associated with disease-free survival in AEG patients.CONCLUSIONSCBS expression level is closely related to microvascular density and tumor stage in AEG. High level of CBS not only accelerates tumor angiogenesis but also affects patient's survival and prognosis.