PURPOSE:To investigate the combined effect of olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) transplantation and recombinant human glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (rhGDNF) intravitreal injection on optic nerve functional recovery following incomplete injury in adult rats.METHODS:The optic nerves of adult rats were crushed by forceps and then GDNF was injected into vitreous cavity, OECs transplanted into injured optic nerve, or GDNF vitreous injection combined with OECs transplantation, and balanced salt solution was injected into vitreous cavity of control group rats respectively. Flash visual evoked potential (F-VEP) was performed on the injured eye immediately after injury and at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after injury.RESULTS:The F-VEP waveforms were almost silent immediately after the optic nerve injury. The latency of the F-VEP (LP1) recovered nearly to the normal value 1 week after injury in the treatment groups. The amplitude recovered more slowly. It recovered more obviously and rapidly in the rhGDNF combined with OEC group. At 8 weeks after injury, the amplitude was restored to 64.5% of the pre-injury level in the control group and to 91.8% in the GDNF+OEC treatment group. Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) labeling showed retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon regeneration and prolongation in the combined group, and the regenerated axons extended across the traumatized area and reached the distal end of the injured optic nerve.CONCLUSIONS:The combination of OEC transplantation and rhGDNF intravitreal injection will be more effective in promoting the recovery of visual function after incomplete injury of the optic nerve in adult rats.

Aim: To study the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the dental pulp tissue indirectly induced by maxillofacial gunshot injury, and to investigate the its effect on the traumatic inflammation so as to provide a theoretical basis for diagnosis and therapy of the gunshot wounds. Methods: The injured model of lower jaw in dog were established by a gun in 5.80 mm diameter. The dynamic changes of of TNF-α level in different dental pulp tissues of lower jaw in different stages were studied by using immunohistochemical method and quantitative analysis. Results: Positive expression of TNF-α was detected by immunohistochemical assay, and changed as the time went by, which was a course of dynamic change. Conclusion: TNF-α participates in the occurrence and development of pulpitis caused by firearm and is related to injury and repair of the dental pulp tissue.