In order to find the optimal combination of nitrogen rate and number of retained leaves for the new flue-cured tobacco strain LY1306, and further improve the quality of tobacco leaves, this experiment adopted a two-factor split zone design. Nitrogen dosage（N） was the main zone and the number of retained leaves（L） was the secondary zone, and three levels were set（N: 22.5, 37.5, 52.5 kg/hm~2; number of retained leaves: 22, 24, 26 leaves per plant）. Their effects and their interaction on upper leaf area, key enzyme activities of carbon and nitrogen metabolism, photosynthetic characteristics, tobacco quality and economic characters of flue-cured tobacco leaves were studied. The results showed that the nitrogen application rate, the number of retained leaves and their interactions had significant effects on the upper leaf area, carbon and nitrogen metabolism enzyme activity, chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of flue-cured tobacco. The reasonable combination of nitrogen application rate and the number of remained leaves was beneficial to the opening of the upper leaves of LY1306, and could maintain reasonable carbon and nitrogen metabolism intensity and photosynthetic rate during the ripening process. Under the three levels of leaf retention, tobacco yield, total nitrogen and nicotine contents were the highest under high nitrogen rate, while output value and potassium content were the highest under medium nitrogen rate. Under the three levels of nitrogen application, tobacco yield and total sugar and reducing sugar contents in upper leaves were the highest at high leaf retention level, while output value and proportion of fine tobacco were the highest at medium leaf retention level. The content of neutral aroma substances increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate and the number of retained leaves, and the highest value was found under the treatment with nitrogen application rate at 37.5 kg/hm~2 and 24 retained leaves per plant. In summary, the combination of 37.5 kg/hm~2 of nitrogen application rate and 24 retained leaves per plant could improve the grade structure of LY1306 flue-cured tobacco leaves, quality of upper leaves and economic benefits.

烟草是重要的经济作物,烟叶质量的提升对烟草的发展至关重要.随着分子生物学的发展,在烟草领域应用分子手段研究病虫害的防治、植株抗逆等也越来越普遍.为了给烟草分子生物学理论研究提供一定的参考,总结了分子生物学在烟草病虫害、营养吸收与利用、逆境胁迫、烟草腺毛生长发育及香气物质合成等方面的研究进展.

The effects of the soil organic matter and enzymatic activity from four different crop stubbles(maize,soya,sweet potato and tobacco etc.)and chemical composition of tobacco leaf were analyzed in field conditions. The results showed that the soil organic matter content of maize stubble was higher than other crop stubbles and the soil urease and phosphatase of maize stubble were more active. Moreover,the activity of soil invertase and catalase was higher in sweet potato stubble and soya stubble. As a results,the interior quality of tobacco were sweet potato stubble>soya stubble>tobacco stubble>maize stubble.

本文设计了一种新型苜蓿再收集系统关键部件设计.该装置为满足苜蓿田间作业的特点,由拖拉机背负进行作业,利用滚筒式针辊控制滚针与地面接触,由滚针接触地面并扎取叶片,通过梳齿时自动刮落并带动叶片进入集叶箱,从而完成苜蓿的再收集工作.该装置与现有拖拉机组合工作,易于推广,解决了再收集苜蓿叶片费时费力的问题,减少了苜蓿的收获损伤.

烤烟烟叶颜色是自动分级的重要特征.本文对比了常见的颜色模型特点,通过试验提取了部分等级烟叶样品的颜色并转换为HSI模型,最后论述了烟叶颜色与其它分级特征之间的关系.

设计了一套烟叶自动定级分拣系统.该系统采用输送带机构承载并输送烟叶,烟叶通过定级系统完成外观图像采集、数据处理与级别判定;分拣机械手结合位置检测传感器按照级别信息完成对烟叶的按级分拣.

[目的]筛选出最适合豫西烟叶生产需求的芝麻饼肥施用量,为提高烟叶产质量提供理论依据.[方法]通过田间对比试验研究芝麻饼肥不同施用量对烤烟生长发育及产质量的影响.[结果]施用芝麻饼肥可提高烟叶产量、质量及上中等烟叶比例,改善烟叶的内在品质.在芝麻饼肥不同施用量中,复混肥375 kg/hm2配施芝麻饼肥375 kg/hm2的施用量对提高烤烟产质量效果最佳.[结论]复混肥375 kg/hm2配施芝麻饼肥375 kg/hm2的施用量适合在豫西烟区推广使用.