针对某船甲板吊机改装通过有限元软件分别建立改装前和改装后的三维模型,选取八种工况分别对改装前和改装后模型进行强度计算,改装后结构最大应力和变形都较改装前有所降低,结构和基座均满足规范对屈服强度的要求,证明改装方案的可行性.通过实船的应用进一步证明方案和计算结果的正确性.

To ensure the hoisting safety of the engine room section,the finite element model of the engine room is established,and the hoisting plan is made according to the section weight,the center of gravity,and the conditions of the crane and slings on site. The section structural strength under vertical hoisting condition is analyzed,the strengthening measures are taken for the areas with maximum stress and maximum deformation according to the calculation,and the strengthening feasibility is validated by simulation. Actual hoisting on site is performed based on the simulation result,and the necessary safety measures are provided. The result shows that the hoisting process is safe,and the deformation is within the acceptable range.

精细化派工管理是以精益生产为理论而提出的现场生产管理方法.其核心在于对派工单的管理,以工作包/工作指令(WP/WO)、工序物量和工时为基础作业部门根据其自身特点将WP/WO进行分解,以派工单(WJ)的形式体现.每张派工单应包括派工单号、工时、物量、作业区、班组、施工人员等信息,使工作任务更加清晰,可将作业分工到个人、物量考核到个人.通过精细化派工体系运行反馈得到的生产数据,运用机器学习中的线性回归算法,可以使精细化派工更智能化.

随着复合材料力学性能的成熟和稳定,碳纤维复合材料可用于加固修复损伤钢结构的工程实践.为了研究CFRP复合材料修复损伤加筋板的拉伸极限强度,采用非线性有限元法研究碳纤维修复含裂纹加筋板的拉伸剩余极限强度.通过与已有文献中的试验进行对比,验证了计算方法的准确性.基于应力强度因子理论,结合位移外推法计算碳纤维修复前后裂纹尖端的应力强度因子,研究裂纹处网格大小对裂纹尖端应力强度因子的影响,判断其是否发生开裂.结果表明:胶层最大的剪应力出现在裂纹附近,随着拉伸位移的增加逐渐向远离裂纹处扩展;随着碳纤维层数的增加,加筋板拉伸极限强度趋于平稳.

主流大型舰船的横舱壁结构以加筋板型式为主,但加筋板受制于其单层结构特点,较难提出新的设计.设计一种波纹夹层板,将其应用于大型舰船的横舱壁结构.采用有限元软件建立简化数值模型,研究在高速破片侵彻作用下的波纹夹层板横舱壁结构动态响应和破坏机理,并与传统单层加筋板横舱壁结构进行比较.结果 表明,应用波纹夹层板,横舱壁结构的抗侵彻性能有明显提升.

[Objectives]Ships and offshore platforms serve in the harsh sea environment for a long time. Cracks and pitting corrosion will occur in such a structure and the damage will affect its ultimate strength. [Methods]To investigate the influence of cracks and pitting corrosion on ultimate bearing capacity,the ultimate strength of a structure under axial compression is studied by using a nonlinear finite element.The mesh size of a stiffened plate with cracks and pitting corrosion is first discussed.Then the influence of the relative positions of cracks and pitting corrosion,number of corrosion points and crack length impact on the residual ultimate strength of damaged stiffened plates is discussed via a series of calculations. [Results]The results indicate that the increase in crack length and pitting corrosion significantly decreases the ultimate strength of a stiffened plate.[Conclusions]This provides a useful reference for designing and maintaining ships and offshore structures in their life cycles.

基于时域耦合理论,应用SESAM/DeepC模块,采用时域非线性方法对深水FPSO船体、系泊与立管进行耦合计算,分析考虑立管和不考虑立管影响下的系白性能,研究立管的单位长度质量、立管的轴向刚度,以及立管上安装浮力块的位置、质量和体积对FPSO系泊性能的影响,探讨了由于浮力块设置形成不同形式的立管对FPSO动力响应的影响.结果表明,立管可减小深水FPSO的系泊缆张力和运动响应,简单悬链线立管的顶端张力均较大,安装浮力块后可有效减小张力.