全球护士处于极度短缺的状况,其中重症监护病房(intensive care unit,ICU)护士因工作强度高、患者病情危重等原因常遭受更多压力、职业倦怠等问题,离职率也更高.现有文献证实,心理韧性可以作为保护性因素能使ICU护士在压力、创伤中更好的适应及应对.针对ICU护士心理韧性,本文从定义、现状及干预措施等方面进行综述,总结国内外ICU护士心理韧性的研究现状及发展趋势,探讨现有研究的不足及展望,希望能对我国ICU护士心理韧性的干预方案提供参考,在未来的研究中更多关注ICU护士的心理韧性,多方面进行干预,从而减少ICU护士压力、倦怠的发生,稳定护士队伍.

Objective:To explore the status quo of self-learning readiness of in-service nurses in self-taught examination and its correlation with general self-efficacy.Methods:Convenience sampling method was conducted with nurses who studied in the self-taught nursing examination of a university from a university in Sichuan Province from March to May 2020. General information questionnaire, Chinese version of Self-regulated Learning Readiness Scale for Nursing Education (SLDRS) and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) were used to investigate the research. SPSS 24.0 was used to analyze the scores, multiple linear stepwise regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between self-learning readiness and general self-efficacy. A total of 468 questionnaires were collected and 455 were valid.Results:The total scores of 455 nurses were (147.93±18.07) points, and the overall average scores were (3.70±0.45) points. Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that the desire to continue to study for postgraduate students, the times of face-to-face classes in each subject, the preference for nursing major, aimlessness and satisfaction with the forms of assistance were the important influencing factors of autonomous learning readiness ( P<0.05). There is a positive correlation between self-learning readiness and general self-efficacy ( r=0.551, P<0.05). Conclusion:The self-learning readiness of nurses for self-taught examination is at a medium level. Their self-learning ability may be improved by encouraging them to carry out career planning, improving their professional identity and self-efficacy, and choosing teaching methods that are more suitable for in-service staff.

糖尿病倦怠指糖尿病患病过程中的无力抵抗的疲惫和沮丧感,多发于1型糖尿病患者,是糖尿病主要社会心理并发症之一,亦是糖尿病患者血糖管理重要阻碍因素.本文综述糖尿病倦怠定义、评估工具及影响因素,帮助医务人员了解糖尿病倦怠现象,以期为糖尿病患者血糖管理干预提供循证依据.

基于照顾、照顾者、照顾者需求相关定义,介绍国内外对脑卒中居家主要照顾者照顾需求的评估工具,为有效评估照顾者照顾需求提供参考依据.

This paper introduced the definition of medication compliance and epidemiology of stroke patients with hypertension，analyzed status quo and influencing factors of compliance of antihypertensive drugs in stroke patients at home and abroad.It explored significance and intervention measures for improving medication compliance of stroke patients，in order to improve their medication compliance.

青年卒中大多指发生在18～44岁的卒中,国内外情况各异,我国青年卒中形势严峻.近年来,青年卒中发病率明显升高,卒中后导致患者部分或全部劳动能力和生活自理能力的丧失,给其家庭、社会带来沉重负担.与老年人群相比,青年卒中的危险因素更复杂多变,传统血管性危险因素如高血压、糖尿病等十分突出.此外药物滥用、不健康饮食、缺乏运动锻炼等亦可能引起青年卒中的发生,因而针对其危险因素选择有效的预防治疗措施十分重要.本文从青年卒中特点及其流行现状出发,对影响青年卒中可控制的物质滥用行为、不健康饮食行为、缺乏身体活动行为3类行为展开综述,并根据不同行为特点,针对性给出建议,为临床防治提供参考.