海水湿法烟气脱硫装置排放的脱硫废水在曝气过程中,由于脱硫废水中存在部分还原性离子(SO32-、Fe2+、Mn2+等),会将脱硫过程中捕集的汞、砷离子还原为气态汞和气态砷再次释放到大气中,降低湿法脱硫系统的汞、砷脱除效率.采用曝气反应器,通过模拟实际脱硫废水的曝气过程,重点考察了温度、Cl-质量浓度、SO32-浓度、SO42-质量浓度及曝气流量对汞、砷再释放特性的影响.结果表明:随着温度的提高和曝气流量的增大,会加速汞、砷离子的还原,促进汞、砷的再释放;随着SO32-浓度的提高,会显著抑制汞的再释放,但对砷的再释放影响较弱;汞、砷的再释放率呈现先增大后减小的趋势;Cl-和SO42-可与溶液中的汞离子形成性质稳定的络合物,也可与砷离子以更稳定的化合态相结合,从而有效抑制汞、砷的再释放,并且Cl-的抑制作用比SO42-更显著.

可凝结颗粒物(CPM)在燃煤机组烟气排放的总颗粒物中有较大占比.为分析燃煤电站环保设备对CPM的脱除效果,对某超低排放燃煤机组现有低低温电除尘、海水脱硫和湿式电除尘环保设备进、出口的CPM进行了测试.结果表明:在机组300MW高负荷和150MW低负荷条件下,上述3个环保设备能够有效脱除CPM,总CPM整体脱除率分别为97.2％和97.6％,对应排放质量浓度分别为5.58mg/m3和5.55mg/m3;干式电除尘和湿式电除尘对无机CPM的脱除效率大于对有机CPM的脱除效率;海水脱硫整体对CPM脱除作用显著,但会将海水中大量存在的Cl-离子和Na+离子带入烟气中形成一部分新的CPM,下游的湿式电除尘则能够将这些新生成的CPM脱除,最终保证了 CPM的低浓度排放.

As the emission of condensable particulate matter (CPM) could exacerbate haze pollution, recently it has received more attention. In this study, CPM and its organic components were tested at different sampling sites of a flue gas purification system under the Coal 1 and Coal 2 combustion conditions, respectively. The top 10 organic components in CPM were analyzed. The results show that under the Coal 1 and Coal 2 combustion conditions, the mass emissions of CPM at the stack inlet are 4.2 and 5.6 mg/m3, respectively, and the removal efficiency of CPM by pollution control facilities after ultra-low emission transformation are 97.21% and 98.18%, respectively. In particular, the removal rates of the organic CPM by the low-low temperature electrostatic precipitator (LLTESP), the sea water wet flue-gas desulfurization (SWFGD) and the wet electrostatic precipitator (WESP) are 71.82%, 56.36% and 76.61% by average, respectively. Among them, LLTSEP exhibits general removal effect on esters, hydrocarbon and all other organic compounds. In comparison, SWFGD excels in the removal of the hydrocarbon compounds, while WESP has remarkable performance on reducing ester compounds.

实施碳排放权交易制度已经成为国际社会应对气候变化、遏制温室气体过量排放的有效方式之一. 碳排放权交易是指以控制温室气体排放为目的, 以温室气体排放配额或温室气体减排信用为标的物所进行的市场交易. 与传统的实物商品市场不同,碳市场交易的是看不见摸不着的排放权或减排量,是通过法律的界定而人为建立起来的政策性市场.