准噶尔盆地红172井区石炭系火山岩是典型裂缝—基质型储层,裂缝是制约火山岩油藏高效开发的关键因素.通过岩心观察、成像测井、常规测井和三维地震分析,建立红172井区石炭系火山岩高角度缝、低角度缝的测井识别模式,在三维地震和岩相的约束下进行裂缝密度随机反演,提取相干属性和曲率属性进行裂缝分布预测.研究认为:红172井区石炭系火山岩裂缝以构造缝为主,其次为成岩缝、风化缝;裂缝分布在近东西向、近南北向两组逆掩断层附近,集中于4个发育区;早期近东西向构造裂缝充填程度较高,以低角度缝为主,晚期近南北向高角度构造缝仍处于开启状态,是重要的渗流通道;红172井区北部以近南北向高角度裂缝为主,具有较好的渗流能力,是红172井区有利勘探目标区.裂缝分布预测为172井区石炭系火山岩油藏高效开发提供了地质依据.

地震波形指示反演技术充分利用地震波形的横向变化信息,不要求井位均匀分布,具有更强的确定性,而且高频结构受波形变化控制,更好地体现了沉积环境的约束;在提高垂向分辨率的同时,更好地保证了横向预测结果的可靠性.本文以地震波形指示反演的基本理论为依据,以储层岩石物理特征分析结果为基础,优选出可以在本区更好地区分砂泥岩的自然伽玛曲线(GR)作为约束条件,对准噶尔盆地陆梁地区南部侏罗系三工河组二段地层进行了储层反演预测.经综合对比分析,砂岩厚度预测结果与已钻井吻合率达到80％以上,纵向分辨率高,横向变化更符合沉积规律.

Fulongquan sag is a second-order structural unit of the southeast uplift in Songliao Basin,and lies in an anticline belt with strong inversion structure.Based on the study of basic conditions of hydrocarbon accumula-tion in the study area,the authors summarize the hydrocarbon accumulation and favorable reservoir characteristics of Fulongquan sag.The oil and gas in Fulongquan sag mainly come from the source rocks of Shahezi Formation and Yingcheng Formation.The accumulation occurred in three periods:deposition period of Quantou-and Nenjiang for-mations,end-Nenjiang Formation structural period,and post-Nenjiang Formation period.Structure is the most im-portant factor to control the hydrocarbon accumulation in Fulongquan sag,deep oil-gas reservoirs possess the char-acteristics of accumulation prior to the compaction and source-proximal early accumulation.The reservoir of early accumulation has better physical properties.Shallow reservoirs are all secondary accumulations, which are con-trolled by the tectonic movement at the end of Nenjiang Formation.

近年来,准噶尔盆地夏盐凸起北部侏罗系三工河组多口井试获工业油流,表明该区良好的油气滚动勘探潜力.运用多条地震剖面、多口井的测井曲线及岩心资料对三工河组的断层特征及沉积储层特征进行综合研究,结合探井、评价井及开发井的试油、试采资料认为:夏盐凸起西部发育一近南北向的低幅度鼻状构造,其核部被近东西向及北东-南西向断裂相互切割,形成多个断块、断鼻构造;沉积微相揭示研究区为河控浅水三角洲前缘亚相沉积;成藏模式主要为“低凸断控聚集”成藏.基于以上认识,总结夏盐凸起的侏罗系油藏主控因素,并为夏盐凸起南部的勘探评价的提供了理论指导.

Through histogram,cutting logging data,the study of rock color,structure,structure,lithology,cyclicity,composition of authigenic minerals,a special contain matter,fossils and logging elements.indicators and deposition systems background,the phase relationship with spatial configuration to determine the phase,subfacies and microfacies types of the study area,to study the sedimentary characteristics and depositional model and vertical phase sequence,the small layer of flat sedimentary microfacies study of phase typepatterns and space frame,provide the basis for the area remaining oil.

油气勘探的实践成果表明,我国绝大多数含油气盆地中油气藏的形成和分布受断层分布的控制.通过对两井东—木头南区扶余油层石油地质特征、已提交探明储量区及有利区块预测结果表明,研究区通过以西南为主要物源方向的三角洲前缘砂体与北北西断层垂直或者高角度斜交的大型反向正断层的有效匹配,形成了邻凹侧具有有利富油的条件.分别通过对反向正断层形成的机制及背景、研究区发育分布特征、以及反向正断层聚油机理-模式进行研究表明,反向正断层对油气的聚集与分布有以下控制作用:控制油气聚集的类型、控制油气富集的程度、控制油气聚集的层位、控制油气聚集的部位,为今后油气勘探开发工作指明了方向.